Self-assembling ferrimagnetic fluorescent micelles for bioimaging guided efficient magnetic hyperthermia therapy

Recent progress in stimuli-responsive polymeric micelles for targeted delivery of functional nanoparticles

Stimuli-responsive polymeric micelles have emerged as a revolutionary approach for enhancing the in vivo stability, biocompatibility, and targeted delivery of functional nanoparticles (FNPs) in biomedicine. This article comprehensively reviews the preparation methods of these polymer micelles, detailing the innovative strategies employed to introduce stimulus responsiveness and surface modifications essential for precise targeting. We delve into the breakthroughs in utilizing these micelles to selectively deliver various FNPs including magnetic nanoparticles, upconversion nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, and quantum dots, highlighting their transformative impact in the biomedical realm. Concluding, we present an insight into the current research landscape, addressing the challenges at hand, and envisioning the future trajectory in this burgeoning domain. Join us as we navigate the exciting confluence of polymer science and nanotechnology in reshaping biomedical solutions.

Integrative Modulation of Magnetic Resonance Transverse and Longitudinal Relaxivity in a Cell-Viable Bimagnetic Ensemble, γ-Fe2O3@ZnFe2O4

The potential application of magnetic nanosystems as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents has been thoroughly investigated. This work seeks to attain robust MRI-contrast efficiency by designing an interacting landscape of a bimagnetic ensemble of zinc ferrite nanorods and maghemite nanoparticles, γ-Fe2O3@ZnFe2O4. Because of competing spin clusters and structural anisotropy triggered by isotropic γ-Fe2O3 and anisotropic ZnFe2O4, γ-Fe2O3@ZnFe2O4 undergoes the evolution of cluster spin-glass state as evident from the critical slowing down law. Such interacting γ-Fe2O3@ZnFe2O4 with spin flipping of 1.2 × 10-8 s and energy barrier of 8.2 × 10-14 erg reflects enhanced MRI-contrast signal. Additionally, γ-Fe2O3@ZnFe2O4 is cell-viable to noncancerous HEK 293 cell-line and shows no pro-tumorigenic activity as observed in MDA-MB-231, an extremely aggressive triple-negative breast cancer cell line. As a result, γ-Fe2O3@ZnFe2O4 is a feasible option for an MRI-contrast agent having longitudinal relaxivity, r1, of 0.46 s-1mM-1 and transverse relaxivity, r2, of 15.94 s-1mM-1, together with r2/r1 of 34.65 at 1.41 T up to a modest metal concentration of 0.1 mM. Hence, this study addresses an interacting isotropic/anisotropic framework with faster water proton decay in MR-relaxivity resulting in phantom signal amplification.

Precious metal clusters as fundamental agents in bioimaging usability

Fluorescent nanomaterials (NMs) are widely used in imaging techniques in biomedical research. Especially in bioimaging systems, with the rapid development of imaging nanotechnology, precious metal clusters such as Au, Ag, and Cu NMs have emerged with different functional agents for biomedical applications. Compared with traditional fluorescent molecules, precious metal clusters have the advantages of high optical stability, easy regulation of shape and size, and multifunctionalization. In addition, NMs possess strong photoluminescent properties with good photostability, high release rate, and sub-nanometer size. They could be treated as fundamental agents in bioimaging usability. This review summarizes the recent advances in bioimaging utilization, it conveys that metal clusters refer to Au, Ag, and Cu fluorescent clusters and could provide a generalized overview of their full applications. It includes optical property measurement, precious metal clusters in bioimaging systems, and a rare earth element-doped heterogeneous structure illustrated in biomedical imaging with specific examples, that provide new and innovative ideas for fluorescent NMs in the field of bioimaging usability.

Bioimaging Probes Based on Magneto-Fluorescent Nanoparticles

Novel nanomaterials are of interest in biology, medicine, and imaging applications. Multimodal fluorescent-magnetic nanoparticles demand special attention because they have the potential to be employed as diagnostic and medication-delivery tools, which, in turn, might make it easier to diagnose and treat cancer, as well as a wide variety of other disorders. The most recent advancements in the development of magneto-fluorescent nanocomposites and their applications in the biomedical field are the primary focus of this review. We describe the most current developments in synthetic methodologies and methods for the fabrication of magneto-fluorescent nanocomposites. The primary applications of multimodal magneto-fluorescent nanoparticles in biomedicine, including biological imaging, cancer treatment, and drug administration, are covered in this article, and an overview of the future possibilities for these technologies is provided.