Talukdar V, Mondal K, Halder P, Das P. Ullmann-Type
N-,
S-, and
O-Arylation Using a Well-Defined 7-Azaindole-
N-oxide (7-AINO)-Based Copper(II) Catalyst: Scope and Application to Drug Synthesis.
J Org Chem 2024. [PMID:
38773695 DOI:
10.1021/acs.joc.3c02852]
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Abstract
An air-stable, robust, and well-defined copper(II)-7-azaindole-N-oxide-based catalyst [Cu2II(7-AINO)4] (abbreviated as Cu(II)-7-AINO) has been demonstrated as an efficient catalyst for various Ullmann-type coupling reactions. This easily prepared and cost-effective catalyst facilitates the arylation and heteroarylation of diverse N-, S-, and O-nucleophiles, including azoles, aminoazoles, (hetero)arylthiols, and phenols. Notably, they also exhibit substantial compatibility with a wide range of functional groups. Furthermore, the catalyst demonstrates significant selectivity for -NH sites of aminoazoles and -SH sites of aminothiophenols over -NH2 sites in both cases, enhancing its versatility. Exploiting the catalyst's chemo- and regioselective properties, we have successfully demonstrated the applicability of our methodology in synthesizing various drug molecules. Specifically, Epirizole analogue, Nilotinib, and Vortioxetine were successfully synthesized using our protocol.
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