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Shen Q, Sheng K, Gao ZY, Bilyachenko A, Huang XQ, Azam M, Tung CH, Sun D. Vanadium-Silsesquioxane Nanocages as Heterogeneous Catalysts for Synthesis of Quinazolinones. Inorg Chem 2024. [PMID: 38946199 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The functionalization of polyoxovanadate clusters is promising but of great challenge due to the versatile coordination geometry and oxidation state of vanadium. Here, two unprecedented silsesquioxane ligand-protected "fully reduced" polyoxovanadate clusters were fabricated via a facial solvothermal methodology. The initial mixture of the two polyoxovanadate clusters with different colors and morphologies (green plate V14 and blue block V6) was successfully separated as pure phases by meticulously controlling the assembly conditions. Therein, the V14 cluster is the highest-nuclearity V-silsesquioxane cluster to date. Moreover, the transformation from a dimeric silsesquioxane ligand-protected V14 cluster to a cyclic hexameric silsesquioxane ligand-protected V6 cluster was also achieved, and the possible mechanism termed "ligand-condensation-involved dissociation reassembly" was proposed to explain this intricate conversion process. In addition, the robust V6 cluster was served as a heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of important heterocyclic compounds, quinazolinones, starting from 2-aminobenzamide and aldehydes. The V6 cluster exhibits high activity and selectivity to access pure quinazolinones under mild conditions, where the high selectivity was attributed to the confinement effect of the macrocyclic silsesquioxane ligand constraining the molecular freedom of the reaction species. The stability and recyclability as well as the tolerance of a wide scope of aldehyde substrates endow the V6 cluster with a superior performance and appreciable potential in catalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Shen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Sheng
- School of Aeronautics, Shandong Jiaotong University, Ji'nan 250037, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Yong Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Alexey Bilyachenko
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russian Federation
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Xian-Qiang Huang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohammad Azam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO BOX 2455 Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, People's Republic of China
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2
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Zueva AY, Bilyachenko AN, Arteev IS, Khrustalev VN, Dorovatovskii PV, Shul'pina LS, Ikonnikov NS, Gutsul EI, Rahimov KG, Shubina ES, Reis Conceição N, Mahmudov KT, Guedes da Silva MFC, Pombeiro AJL. A Family of Hexacopper Phenylsilsesquioxane/Acetate Complexes: Synthesis, Solvent-Controlled Cage Structures, and Catalytic Activity. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401164. [PMID: 38551412 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Convenient self-assembly synthesis of copper(II) complexes via double (phenylsilsesquioxane and acetate) ligation allows to isolate a family of impressive sandwich-like cage compounds. An intriguing feature of these complexes is the difference in the structure of a pair of silsesquioxane ligands despite identical (Cu6) nuclearity and number (four) of acetate fragments. Formation of particular combination of silsesquioxane ligands (cyclic/cyclic vs condensed/condensed vs cyclic/condensed) was found to be dependent on the synthesis/crystallization media. A combination of Si4-cyclic and Si6-condensed silsesquioxane ligands is a brand new feature of cage metallasilsesquioxanes. A representative Cu6-complex (4) (with cyclic silsesquioxanes) exhibited high catalytic activity in the oxidation of alkanes and alcohols with peroxides. Maximum yield of the products of cyclohexane oxidation attained 30 %. The compound 4 was also tested as catalyst in the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of cyclohexanone by m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid: maximum yields of 88 % and 100 % of ϵ-caprolactone were achieved upon conventional heating at 50 °C for 4 h and MW irradiation at 70 or 80 °C during 30 min, respectively. It was also possible to obtain the lactone (up to 16 % yield) directly from the cyclohexane via a tandem oxidation/Baeyer-Villiger oxidation reaction using the same oxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Y Zueva
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119334, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Research Institute of Chemistry, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey N Bilyachenko
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119334, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Research Institute of Chemistry, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan S Arteev
- Research Institute of Chemistry, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
- Higher Chemical College, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya Sq. 9, 125047, Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor N Khrustalev
- Research Institute of Chemistry, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel V Dorovatovskii
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", 1 Akademika Kurchatova Pl., 123182, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Lidia S Shul'pina
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119334, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay S Ikonnikov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119334, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Evgenii I Gutsul
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119334, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Karim G Rahimov
- Baku State University, Z. Xalilov Str. 23, Az 1148, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Elena S Shubina
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119334, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nuno Reis Conceição
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Kamran T Mahmudov
- Baku State University, Z. Xalilov Str. 23, Az 1148, Baku, Azerbaijan
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Fátima C Guedes da Silva
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Armando J L Pombeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
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3
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Bilyachenko AN, Khrustalev VN, Dorovatovskii PV, Shul'pina LS, Ikonnikov NS, Shubina ES, Lobanov NN, Aliyeva VA, Nunes AVM, Mahmudov KT, Kozlov YN, Pombeiro AJL. Fe(III)-Based Phenylsilsesquioxane/Acetylacetonate Complexes: Synthesis, Cage-like Structure, and High Catalytic Activity. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:1909-1918. [PMID: 38215459 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Unprecedented iron-based silsesquioxane/acetylacetonate complexes were synthesized. The intriguing cage-like structure of compounds is alkaline metal-dependent: the Fe2Li2 complex includes condensed Si6-silsesquioxane and four acetylacetonate ligands; the Fe4Na4 complex exhibits two cyclic Si4-silsesquioxane and eight acetylacetonate ligands, while the Fe3K3 complex features two cyclic Si3-silsesquioxane and six acetylacetonate ligands. The latter case is the very first observation of small trimeric silsesquioxane ligands in the composition of cage-like metallasilsesquioxanes. The Fe4Na4-based complex exhibits a record high activity in the oxidation of inert alkanes with peroxides (55% yield of oxygenates in cyclohexane oxidation). It also acts as a catalyst in the cycloaddition of CO2 with epoxides, leading to cyclic carbonates in good yields (58-96%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey N Bilyachenko
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Victor N Khrustalev
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel V Dorovatovskii
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", 1 Akademika Kurchatova Pl., Moscow 123182, Russian Federation
| | - Lidia S Shul'pina
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay S Ikonnikov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Elena S Shubina
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolai N Lobanov
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Vusala A Aliyeva
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Ana V M Nunes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Kamran T Mahmudov
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Excellence Center, Baku State University, Z. Xalilov Str. 23, Baku Az 1148, Azerbaijan
| | - Yuriy N Kozlov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Ulitsa Kosygina, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyannyi Pereulok, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Armando J L Pombeiro
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
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4
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Bilyachenko AN, Gutsul EI, Khrustalev VN, Chusova O, Dorovatovskii PV, Aliyeva VA, Paninho AB, Nunes AVM, Mahmudov KT, Shubina ES, Pombeiro AJL. A Family of Cagelike Mn-Silsesquioxane/Bathophenanthroline Complexes: Synthesis, Structure, and Catalytic and Antifungal Activity. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:15537-15549. [PMID: 37698451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
This study reports a novel family of cage manganesesilsesquioxanes prepared via complexation with bathophenanthroline (4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline). The resulting Mn4-, Mn6Li2-, and Mn4Na-compounds exhibit several unprecedented cage metallasilsesquioxane structural features, including intriguing self-assembly of silsesquioxane ligands. Complexes were tested in vitro for fungicidal activity against seven classes of phytopathogenic fungi. The representative Mn4Na-complex acts as a catalyst in the cycloaddition of CO2 to epoxides under solvent-free conditions to form cyclic carbonates in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey N Bilyachenko
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Miklukho-Maklay St., 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgenii I Gutsul
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor N Khrustalev
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Miklukho-Maklay St., 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect, 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Chusova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel V Dorovatovskii
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Acad. Kurchatov Sq., 1, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vusala A Aliyeva
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana B Paninho
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana V M Nunes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Kamran T Mahmudov
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Excellence Center, Baku State University, Z. Xalilov Str. 23, Az 1148 Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Elena S Shubina
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Armando J L Pombeiro
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Miklukho-Maklay St., 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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5
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Bilyachenko AN, Arteev IS, Khrustalev VN, Shul'pina LS, Korlyukov AA, Ikonnikov NS, Shubina ES, Kozlov YN, Reis Conceição N, Guedes da Silva MFC, Mahmudov KT, Pombeiro AJL. Cage-like Cu 5Cs 4-Phenylsilsesquioxanes: Synthesis, Supramolecular Structures, and Catalytic Activity. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:13573-13586. [PMID: 37561666 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
A small family of nonanuclear Cu5Cs4-based phenylsilsesquioxanes 1-2 were prepared by a convenient self-assembly approach and characterized by X-ray diffraction studies. The compounds 1 and 2 show some unprecedented structural features such as the presence of a [Ph14Si14O28]14- silsesquioxane ligand and a CuII5CsI4 nuclearity in which the metal cations occupy unusual positions within the cluster. Copper ions are "wrapped" into a silsesquioxane matrix, while cesium ions are located in external positions. This resulted in cesium-involved aggregation of coordination polymer structures. Both compounds 1 and 2 realize specific metallocene (cesium-phenyl) linkage between neighboring cages. Compound 2 is evaluated as a catalyst in the Baeyer-Villiger (B-V) oxidation of cyclohexanone and tandem cyclohexane oxidation/B-V oxidation of cyclohexanone with m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA) as an oxidant, in an aqueous acetonitrile medium, and HNO3 as the promoter. A quantitative yield of ε-caprolactone was achieved under conventional heating at 50 °C for 4 h or MW irradiation for 30 min (for cyclohexanone as substrate); 17 and 19% yields of lactone upon MW irradiation at 80 °C for 30 min and heating at 50 °C for 4 h, respectively (for cyclohexane as a substrate), were achieved. Complex 2 was evaluated as a catalyst for the oxidation of alkanes to alkyl hydroperoxides and alcohols to ketones with peroxides at 60 °C in acetonitrile. The maximum yield of cyclohexane oxidation products was 30%. Complex 2 exhibits high activity in the oxidation of alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey N Bilyachenko
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Miklukho-Maklay St., 6, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Ivan S Arteev
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Higher Chemical College, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya Sq. 9, Moscow 125047, Russia
| | - Victor N Khrustalev
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Miklukho-Maklay St., 6, Moscow 117198, Russia
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Lidia S Shul'pina
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexander A Korlyukov
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovitianov Str. 1, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Nikolay S Ikonnikov
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Elena S Shubina
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Yuriy N Kozlov
- Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Kosygina, dom 4, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Stremyannyi Pereulok 36, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Nuno Reis Conceição
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - M Fátima C Guedes da Silva
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Kamran T Mahmudov
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Excellence Center, Baku State University, Z. Xalilov Str. 23, Baku Az 1148, Azerbaijan
| | - Armando J L Pombeiro
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Miklukho-Maklay St., 6, Moscow 117198, Russia
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
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Cagelike Octacopper Methylsilsesquioxanes: Self-Assembly in the Focus of Alkaline Metal Ion Influence-Synthesis, Structure, and Catalytic Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031211. [PMID: 36770877 PMCID: PMC9921387 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A family of unusual octacopper cage methylsilsesquioxanes 1-4 were prepared and characterized. Features of their cagelike (prismatic) structure were established using X-ray diffraction studies. Effects of distortion of prismatic cages 1-4 due to variation of (i) additional alkaline metal ions (K, Rb, or Cs), (ii) combination of solvating ligands, and (iii) nature of encapsulating species were found. Opportunities for the design of supramolecular 1D extended structures were found. These opportunities are based on (i) formate linkers between copper centers (in the case of Cu8K2-based compound 2) or (ii) crown ether-like contacts between cesium ions and siloxane cycles (in the case of Cu8Cs2-based compound 4). Cu8Cs2-complex 4 was evaluated in the catalysis of alkanes and alcohols. Complex 4 exhibits high catalytic activity. The yield of cyclohexane oxidation products is 35%. The presence of nitric acid is necessary as a co-catalyst. The oxidation of alcohols with the participation of complex 4 as a catalyst and tert-butyl hydroperoxide as an oxidizer also proceeds in high yields of up to 98%.
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Hybrid Silsesquioxane/Benzoate Cu 7-Complexes: Synthesis, Unique Cage Structure, and Catalytic Activity. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238505. [PMID: 36500598 PMCID: PMC9739484 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A series of phenylsilsesquioxane-benzoate heptacopper complexes 1-3 were synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography. Two parallel routes of toluene spontaneous oxidation (into benzyl alcohol and benzoate) assisted the formation of the cagelike structure 1. A unique multi-ligation of copper ions (from (i) silsesquioxane, (ii) benzoate, (iii) benzyl alcohol, (iv) pyridine, (v) dimethyl-formamide and (vi) water ligands) was found in 1. Directed self-assembly using benzoic acid as a reactant afforded complexes 2-3 with the same main structural features as for 1, namely heptanuclear core coordinated by (i) two distorted pentameric cyclic silsesquioxane and (ii) four benzoate ligands, but featuring other solvate surroundings. Complex 3 was evaluated as a catalyst for the oxidation of alkanes to alkyl hydroperoxides and alcohols to ketones with hydrogen peroxide and tert-butyl hydroperoxide, respectively, at 50 °C in acetonitrile. The maximum yield of cyclohexane oxidation products as high as 32% was attained. The oxidation reaction results in a mixture of cyclohexyl hydroperoxide, cyclohexanol, and cyclohexanone. Upon the addition of triphenylphosphine, the cyclohexyl hydroperoxide is completely converted to cyclohexanol. The specific regio- and chemoselectivity in the oxidation of n-heptane and methylcyclohexane, respectively, indicate the involvement of of hydroxyl radicals. Complex 3 exhibits a high activity in the oxidation of alcohols.
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A Novel Family of Cage-like (CuLi, CuNa, CuK)-phenylsilsesquioxane Complexes with 8-hydroxyquinoline Ligands: Synthesis, Structure, and Catalytic Activity. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196205. [PMID: 36234735 PMCID: PMC9571593 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The first examples of metallasilsesquioxane complexes, including ligands of the 8-hydroxyquinoline family 1–9, were synthesized, and their structures were established by single crystal X-ray diffraction using synchrotron radiation. Compounds 1–9 tend to form a type of sandwich-like cage of Cu4M2 nuclearity (M = Li, Na, K). Each complex includes two cisoid pentameric silsesquioxane ligands and two 8-hydroxyquinoline ligands. The latter coordinates the copper ions and corresponding alkaline metal ions (via the deprotonated oxygen site). A characteristic (size) of the alkaline metal ion and a variation of characteristics of nitrogen ligands (8-hydroxyquinoline vs. 5-chloro-8-hydroxyquinoline vs. 5,7-dibromo-8-hydroxyquinoline vs. 5,7-diiodo-8-hydroxyquinoline) are highly influential for the formation of the supramolecular structure of the complexes 3a, 5, and 7–9. The Cu6Na2-based compound 2 exhibits high catalytic activity towards the oxidation of (i) hydrocarbons by H2O2 activated with HNO3, and (ii) alcohols by tert-butyl hydroperoxide. Studies of kinetics and their selectivity has led us to conclude that it is the hydroxyl radicals that play a crucial role in this process.
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9
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Bilyachenko AN, Gutsul EI, Khrustalev VN, Astakhov GS, Zueva AY, Zubavichus YV, Kirillova MV, Shul'pina LS, Ikonnikov NS, Dorovatovskii PV, Shubina ES, Kirillov AM, Shul'pin GB. Acetone Factor in the Design of Cu 4-, Cu 6-, and Cu 9-Based Cage Coppersilsesquioxanes: Synthesis, Structural Features, and Catalytic Functionalization of Alkanes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:14800-14814. [PMID: 36059209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The present study describes a new feature in the self-assembly of cagelike copperphenylsilsesquioxanes: the strong influence of acetone solvates on cage structure formation. By this simple approach, a series of novel tetra-, hexa-, or nonacoppersilsesquioxanes were isolated and characterized. In addition, several new complexes of Cu4 or Cu6 nuclearity bearing additional nitrogen-based ligands (ethylenediamine, 2,2'-bipyridine, phenanthroline, bathophenanthroline, or neocuproine) were produced. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies established molecular architectures of all of the synthesized products. Several coppersilsesquioxanes represent a novel feature of cagelike metallasilsesquioxane (CLMS) in terms of molecular topology. A Cu4-silsesquioxane complex with ethylenediamine (En) ligands was isolated via the unprecedented self-assembly of a partly condensed framework of silsesquioxane ligands, followed by the formation of a sandwich-like cage. Two prismatic Cu6 complexes represent the different conformers─regular and elliptical hexagonal prisms, "cylinders", determined by the different orientations of the coordinated acetone ligands ("shape-switch effect"). A heterometallic Cu4Na4-sandwich-like derivative represents the first example of a metallasilsesquioxane complex with diacetone alcohol ligands formed in situ due to acetone condensation reaction. As a selected example, the compound [(Ph6Si6O11)2Cu4En2]·(acetone)2 was explored in homogeneous oxidation catalysis. It catalyzes the oxidation of alkanes to alkyl hydroperoxides with hydrogen peroxide and the oxidation of alcohols to ketones with tert-butyl hydroperoxide. Radical species take part in the oxidation of alkanes. Besides, [(Ph6Si6O11)2Cu4En2]·(acetone)2 catalyzes the mild oxidative functionalization of gaseous alkanes (ethane, propane, n-butane, and i-butane). Two different model reactions were investigated: (1) the oxidation of gaseous alkanes with hydrogen peroxide to give a mixture of oxygenates (alcohols, ketones, or aldehydes) and (2) the carboxylation of Cn gaseous alkanes with carbon monoxide, water, and potassium peroxodisulfate to give Cn+1 carboxylic acids (main products), along with the corresponding Cn oxygenates. For these reactions, the effects of acid promoter, reaction time, and substrate scope were explored. As expected for free-radical-type reactions, the alkane reactivity follows the trend C2H6 < C3H8 < n-C4H10 < i-C4H10. The highest total product yields were observed in the carboxylation of i-butane (up to 61% based on i-C4H10). The product yields and catalyst turnover numbers (TONs) are remarkable, given an inertness of gaseous alkanes and very mild reaction conditions applied (low pressures, 50-60 °C temperatures).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey N Bilyachenko
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia.,Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Miklukho-Maklay St., 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgenii I Gutsul
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor N Khrustalev
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Miklukho-Maklay St., 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia.,Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Grigorii S Astakhov
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Y Zueva
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia.,Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Miklukho-Maklay St., 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yan V Zubavichus
- Synchrotron Radiation Facility SKIF, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Nikolskii prosp., 1, Koltsovo 630559, Russia
| | - Marina V Kirillova
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Lidia S Shul'pina
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay S Ikonnikov
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel V Dorovatovskii
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Akademika Kurchatova pl., 1, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena S Shubina
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander M Kirillov
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Georgiy B Shul'pin
- Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Kosygina, dom 4, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Chair of Chemistry and Physics, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Stremyannyi pereulok 36, Moscow 117997, Russia
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