Darvishi A, Bakhshi H, Heydari A. Innovative application of magnetically modified bovine horn as a natural keratin resource in the role of value-added organocatalyst.
RSC Adv 2022;
12:16535-16543. [PMID:
35754867 PMCID:
PMC9169071 DOI:
10.1039/d1ra09327d]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study presents the conversion of bovine horn powder (BHP) as an available and low-cost waste material to a value-added highly recyclable catalyst. This green catalyst was prepared through the immobilization of BHP, as a natural keratin resource, on the magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The successful preparation of the catalyst was fully investigated using Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopies as well as field emission scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, and thermogravimetry. The catalytic efficiency of the prepared magnetic organocatalyst was evaluated in the synthesis of a large series of amide derivatives through the solvent-free transamidation reaction of different amides and amines with yields of 75–96%.
The conversion of bovine horn powder as an available and low-cost waste material to a value-added recyclable organocatalyst for transamidation reaction.![]()
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