|
1
|
Zhao J, Pedersen CM, Chang H, Hou X, Wang Y, Qiao Y. Switchable product selectivity in dehydration of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine promoted by choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents. iScience 2023; 26:106980. [PMID: 37332676 PMCID: PMC10276235 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) promoted conversion of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) into nitrogen-containing compounds, i.e., 3-acetamido-5-(1',2'-dihydroxyethyl) furan (Chromogen III) and 3-acetamido-5-acetylfuran (3A5AF). The binary deep eutectic solvent choline chloride-glycerin (ChCl-Gly), was found to promote the dehydration of GlcNAc to form Chromogen III, which reaches a maximum yield of 31.1%. On the other hand, the ternary deep eutectic solvent, choline chloride-glycerol-B(OH)3 (ChCl-Gly-B(OH)3), promoted the further dehydration of GlcNAc into 3A5AF with a maximum yield of 39.2%. In addition, the reaction intermediate, 2-acetamido-2,3-dideoxy-d-erythro-hex-2-enofuranose (Chromogen I), was detected by in situ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques when promoted by ChCl-Gly-B(OH)3. The experimental results of the 1H NMR chemical shift titration showed ChCl-Gly interactions with α-OH-3 and α-OH-4 of GlcNAc, which is responsible for promoting the dehydration reaction. Meanwhile, the strong interaction between Cl- and GlcNAc was demonstrated by 35Cl NMR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Zhao
- Shanxi Engineering Research Center of Biorefinery, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 27 South Taoyuan Road, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | | | - Honghong Chang
- Shanxi Tihondan Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Xianglin Hou
- Shanxi Engineering Research Center of Biorefinery, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 27 South Taoyuan Road, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yingxiong Wang
- Shanxi Engineering Research Center of Biorefinery, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 27 South Taoyuan Road, Taiyuan 030001, China
- College of Chemistry, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, Wanbailin District 030024, China
| | - Yan Qiao
- Shanxi Engineering Research Center of Biorefinery, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 27 South Taoyuan Road, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|