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Saklani R, Domb AJ. Peptide and Protein Stereocomplexes. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:17726-17740. [PMID: 38680378 PMCID: PMC11044247 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Stereocomplexation in peptides and proteins is a fascinating phenomenon arising from their inherent stereoisomerism. Peptides and proteins, with their three-dimensional helical structures, exhibit stereoselectivity and form intertwined complexes when complementary left- and right-handed structures are mixed together. Stereocomplexation provides an unprecedented opportunity to impart some valuable biological, chemical, and physical properties in peptide and protein polymeric platforms that can be employed in various applications such as catalysis and drug delivery and to improve the stability of these therapeutics. However, exploration of stereocomplexation in peptides and proteins remains limited. We report on a comprehensive understanding of stereocomplexation in peptides and proteins, compiling existing reports, discussing its implications, and highlighting its role in different applications, aiming to inspire further research and advancements in this direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Saklani
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Abraham J. Domb
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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Liu H, Cui Y, Zhao X, Wei L, Wang X, Shen N, Odom T, Li X, Lawless W, Karunarathne K, Muschol M, Guida W, Cao C, Ye L, Cai J. Helical sulfonyl-γ-AApeptides modulating Aβ oligomerization and cytotoxicity by recognizing Aβ helix. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2311733121. [PMID: 38285951 PMCID: PMC10861862 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2311733121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
In contrast to prevalent strategies which make use of β-sheet mimetics to block Aβ fibrillar growth, in this study, we designed a series of sulfonyl-γ-AApeptide helices that targeted the crucial α-helix domain of Aβ13-26 and stabilized Aβ conformation to avoid forming the neurotoxic Aβ oligomeric β-sheets. Biophysical assays such as amyloid kinetics and TEM demonstrated that the Aβ oligomerization and fibrillation could be greatly prevented and even reversed in the presence of sulfonyl-γ-AApeptides in a sequence-specific and dose-dependent manner. The studies based on circular dichroism, Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (2D-NMR) spectra unambiguously suggested that the sulfonyl-γ-AApeptide Ab-6 could bind to the central region of Aβ42 and induce α-helix conformation in Aβ. Additionally, Electrospray ionisation-ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry (ESI-IMS-MS) was employed to rule out a colloidal mechanism of inhibitor and clearly supported the capability of Ab-6 for inhibiting the formation of Aβ aggregated forms. Furthermore, Ab-6 could rescue neuroblastoma cells by eradicating Aβ-mediated cytotoxicity even in the presence of pre-formed Aβ aggregates. The confocal microscopy demonstrated that Ab-6 could still specifically bind Aβ42 and colocalize into mitochondria in the cellular environment, suggesting the rescue of cell viability might be due to the protection of mitochondrial function otherwise impaired by Aβ42 aggregation. Taken together, our studies indicated that sulfonyl-γ-AApeptides as helical peptidomimetics could direct Aβ into the off-pathway helical secondary structure, thereby preventing the formation of Aβ oligomerization, fibrillation and rescuing Aβ induced cell cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33620
| | - Yunpeng Cui
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33620
| | - Xue Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33620
| | - Lulu Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33620
| | - Xudong Wang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33620
| | - Ning Shen
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33620
| | - Timothy Odom
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33620
| | - Xuming Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33620
| | - William Lawless
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33620
| | | | - Martin Muschol
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33620
| | - Wayne Guida
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33620
| | - Chuanhai Cao
- Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33612
| | - Libin Ye
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33620
| | - Jianfeng Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33620
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Hazari A, Sawaya MR, Sajimon M, Vlahakis N, Rodriguez J, Eisenberg D, Raskatov JA. Racemic Peptides from Amyloid β and Amylin Form Rippled β-Sheets Rather Than Pleated β-Sheets. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:25917-25926. [PMID: 37972334 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The rippled β-sheet was theorized by Pauling and Corey in 1953 as a structural motif in which mirror image peptide strands assemble into hydrogen-bonded periodic arrays with strictly alternating chirality. Structural characterization of the rippled β-sheet was limited to biophysical methods until 2022 when atomic resolution structures of the motif were first obtained. The crystal structural foundation is restricted to four model tripeptides composed exclusively of aromatic residues. Here, we report five new rippled sheet crystal structures derived from amyloid β and amylin, the aggregating toxic peptides of Alzheimer's disease and type II diabetes, respectively. Despite the variation in peptide sequence composition, all five structures form antiparallel rippled β-sheets that extend, like a fibril, along the entire length of the crystalline needle. The long-range packing of the crystals, however, varies. In three of the crystals, the sheets pack face-to-face and exclude water, giving rise to cross-β architectures grossly resembling the steric zipper motif of amyloid fibrils but differing in fundamental details. In the other two crystals, the solvent is encapsulated between the sheets, yielding fibril architectures capable of host-guest chemistry. Our study demonstrates that the formation of rippled β-sheets from aggregating racemic peptide mixtures in three-dimensional (3D) assemblies is a general phenomenon and provides a structural basis for targeting intrinsically disordered proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaruka Hazari
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCSC, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Michael R Sawaya
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Box 951569, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Maria Sajimon
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCSC, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Niko Vlahakis
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Box 951569, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Jose Rodriguez
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Box 951569, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - David Eisenberg
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Box 951569, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Jevgenij A Raskatov
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCSC, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
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Hazari A, Sawaya MR, Vlahakis N, Johnstone TC, Boyer D, Rodriguez J, Eisenberg D, Raskatov JA. The rippled β-sheet layer configuration-a novel supramolecular architecture based on predictions by Pauling and Corey. Chem Sci 2022; 13:8947-8952. [PMID: 36091211 PMCID: PMC9365095 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02531k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The rippled β-sheet is a peptidic structural motif related to but distinct from the pleated β-sheet. Both motifs were predicted in the 1950s by Pauling and Corey. The pleated β-sheet was since observed in countless proteins and peptides and is considered common textbook knowledge. Conversely, the rippled β-sheet only gained a meaningful experimental foundation in the past decade, and the first crystal structural study of rippled β-sheets was published as recently as this year. Noteworthy, the crystallized assembly stopped at the rippled β-dimer stage. It did not form the extended, periodic rippled β-sheet layer topography hypothesized by Pauling and Corey, thus calling the validity of their prediction into question. NMR work conducted since moreover shows that certain model peptides rather form pleated and not rippled β-sheets in solution. To determine whether the periodic rippled β-sheet layer configuration is viable, the field urgently needs crystal structures. Here we report on crystal structures of two racemic and one quasi-racemic aggregating peptide systems, all of which yield periodic rippled antiparallel β-sheet layers that are in excellent agreement with the predictions by Pauling and Corey. Our study establishes the rippled β-sheet layer configuration as a motif with general features and opens the road to structure-based design of unique supramolecular architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaruka Hazari
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCSC 1156 High Street Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA
| | - Michael R Sawaya
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA 607 Charles E. Young Drive East Box 951569 Los Angeles CA 90095-1569 USA
| | - Niko Vlahakis
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA 607 Charles E. Young Drive East Box 951569 Los Angeles CA 90095-1569 USA
| | - Timothy C Johnstone
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCSC 1156 High Street Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA
| | - David Boyer
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA 607 Charles E. Young Drive East Box 951569 Los Angeles CA 90095-1569 USA
| | - Jose Rodriguez
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA 607 Charles E. Young Drive East Box 951569 Los Angeles CA 90095-1569 USA
| | - David Eisenberg
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA 607 Charles E. Young Drive East Box 951569 Los Angeles CA 90095-1569 USA
| | - Jevgenij A Raskatov
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCSC 1156 High Street Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA
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