1
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Zhang X, Xu B, Xiao D, Dong L, Zhang X, Gong P, Lin Z. C 2H 12N 6C 4O 4·2H 2O and Na 2C 4O 4·3H 2O: Two Ultraviolet Birefringent Compounds with the [C 4O 4] 2- Group. Inorg Chem 2024. [PMID: 39256055 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c03167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
In modern optics, birefringent materials that can manipulate light polarization play important roles in lasers and information fields. The search for ultraviolet (UV) crystals with large birefringence is the focus of attention in the field of optical materials. In this work, we synthesized two birefringent crystals, C2H12N6C4O4·2H2O and Na2C4O4·3H2O, containing planar π-conjugated [C4O4]2- groups. Attributed to the large structural anisotropy and relatively ordered arrangement of the [C4O4]2- groups, C2H12N6C4O4·2H2O and Na2C4O4·3H2O possess large birefringence of 0.20-0.21 at 1064 nm. Meanwhile, they exhibit short ultraviolet cutoff edges at about 280-300 nm, corresponding to the large band gaps of 4.35 and 4.24 eV, respectively. Using structural analysis and first-principles calculations, the origins of such large birefringence are investigated and discussed. This work provides two potential UV birefringent crystals and prompts the search for novel birefringent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Zhang
- Functional Crystals Lab, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bohui Xu
- Functional Crystals Lab, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Deshuai Xiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials, Institute of Functional Crystals, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Linfeng Dong
- Functional Crystals Lab, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials, Institute of Functional Crystals, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Pifu Gong
- Functional Crystals Lab, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zheshuai Lin
- Functional Crystals Lab, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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2
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Lu J, Li Y, Kuk Y, Choi S, Kim K, Ko C, Bai Z, Ok KM. Bi(SO 4)F·H 2O and Bi(SO 4)(NO 3)·3H 2O: Chemical Substitution-Induced Birefringence Enhancement in Bismuth Sulfates. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:13748-13754. [PMID: 38961705 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c02095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Two new Bi(III)-based sulfates, namely, Bi(SO4)F·H2O (BSOF) and Bi(SO4)(NO3)·3H2O (BSNO), have been successfully synthesized through aliovalent replacement of partial [SO4]2- groups with F- and [NO3]- anions, respectively, in the parent structure of Bi2(SO4)3. Such chemical replacement altered the coordination environment of Bi3+ cations, facilitating changes in the structure and optical properties. Notably, the birefringence values of BSOF and BSNO are found to be 4.4 and 15.5 times that of parent Bi2(SO4)3. Further investigation into the structure-property relationship revealed that the birefringence enhancement in BSOF and BSNO is attributed to the improvement of the polarizability anisotropy of Bi3+-centered polyhedra in BSOF and BSNO compared to that of Bi2(SO4)3. In addition, the existence and optimized arrangement of planar [NO3]- groups are also indispensable for further birefringence improvement of the BSNO compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunseung Kuk
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghun Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanhee Ko
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhiyong Bai
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Kang Min Ok
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
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3
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Cheng H, Li X, Pan S, Yang Z. Two Hydroxyfluorooxoborates Achieving Deep-Ultraviolet Cutoff Edges and Moderate Birefringence by Assembling Multi-Anionic Groups. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400656. [PMID: 38616497 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Assembling multi-anionic groups is conducive to utilizing respective advantage to achieve the enhancement of optical performance. Two new hydroxyfluorooxoborates, Ama2-Rb2B3O3F4(OH) and K8Cs2B15O14(OH)7F20 ⋅ H2O with [B3O3F4(OH)] six-membered rings were synthesized for the first time. The title compounds exhibit short ultraviolet cutoff edges (<200 nm) and K8Cs2B15O14(OH)7F20 ⋅ H2O possesses a moderate experimental refractive index difference of 0.051@546 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Cheng
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environmental Conditions, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environmental Conditions, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shilie Pan
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environmental Conditions, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environmental Conditions, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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4
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Li PF, Hu CL, Mao JG, Kong F. Pb 2(SeO 3)(SiF 6): the first selenite fluorosilicate with a wide bandgap and large birefringence achieved through perfluorinated group modification. Chem Sci 2024; 15:7104-7110. [PMID: 38756790 PMCID: PMC11095375 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01376j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Birefringent crystals serve as the core elements of polarizing optical devices. However, the inherent challenge of balancing bandgap and birefringence poses a significant hurdle in designing crystals with excellent overall performance. In this study, we propose a novel approach, namely modification with perfluorinated groups, to achieve dual enhancement of the bandgap and birefringence of selenite materials. We have successfully synthesized the first selenite fluorosilicate, namely, Pb2(SeO3)(SiF6). This compound exhibits a three-dimensional structure composed of two-dimensional lead selenite layers bridged by SiF6 octahedrons. Notably, by introducing a perfluorinated SiF6 group, the bandgap of the lead selenite compound has been expanded to 4.4 eV. Furthermore, Pb2(SeO3)(SiF6) demonstrates a large birefringence (0.161 @ 546 nm), surpassing most of the selenite compounds with a bandgap larger than 4.2 eV. Theoretical calculations suggest that the large birefringence of Pb2(SeO3)(SiF6) can be attributed to the synergistic effects of SeO3, PbO4 and PbO3F4 polyhedrons. Our research not only pioneers a new system for selenite materials, enriching the diversity of selenite structures, but also provides a design methodology for obtaining wide bandgap birefringent selenite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Chun-Li Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Jiang-Gao Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Fang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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Li W, Wang J, Liu L, Huang C, Ding Y, Zhu M, Tian J, Qi H, Chu Y, Xu J. Na 3K 6(CO 3) 3(NO 3) 2X·6H 2O (X = NO 3, Cl, Br): Exploring High-Performance UV Birefringent Crystals Induced by Coplanar π-Conjugated CO 3 and NO 3 Groups. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:8408-8417. [PMID: 38650459 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Planar π-conjugated groups, like CO3, NO3, and BO3 triangles, are ideal functional units for designing birefringent materials due to their large optical anisotropy and wide band gap. The key point for designing birefringent crystals is to select appropriate functional building blocks (FBBs) and the proper arrangement mode. It is well known that the substitution strategy has proven to be a promising and accessible approach. In this work, alkali metals were chosen to regulate and control two different π-conjugated groups, CO3 and NO3, to build new compounds with large birefringence. Subsequently, three new compounds, Na3K6(CO3)3(NO3)2X·6H2O (X = NO3, Cl, Br), were successfully synthesized using the hydrothermal method. The aliovalent substitution between the [NO3]- anionic group and halogen anions [Cl]-/[Br]- has been achieved in these compounds. Na3K6(CO3)3(NO3)2X·6H2O feature the well-coplanar CO3 and NO3 groups in their crystal structure. This coplanar arrangement mode may effectively enhance the anisotropic polarizability of Na3K6(CO3)3(NO3)2X·6H2O. And their experimental birefringence can reach 0.094-0.131 at 546 nm. Diffuse reflectance spectra demonstrate that these compounds exhibit short ultraviolet (UV) absorption edges of ∼235 nm. Meanwhile, Na3K6(CO3)3(NO3)2X·6H2O also have an easily grown capacity under facile conditions. This work not only reports three new potential UV birefringent crystals but also provides a strategy to make the π-conjugated MO3 group coplanar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencong Li
- Institute of Crystal Growth, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Junbo Wang
- Institute of Crystal Growth, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Lili Liu
- Institute of Crystal Growth, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Chunmei Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yanyan Ding
- Institute of Crystal Growth, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - MengMeng Zhu
- Institute of Crystal Growth, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Jindan Tian
- Institute of Crystal Growth, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Haixin Qi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
| | - Yaoqing Chu
- Institute of Crystal Growth, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Jiayue Xu
- Institute of Crystal Growth, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
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Zuo J, Feng Q, Du H. K 2RbB 8PO 16: A Borophosphate with Moderate Birefringence and Deep-Ultraviolet Transmission. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:272-279. [PMID: 38099743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
A new borophosphate, K2RbB8PO16 (KRBPO) was synthesized. It exhibits a bilayer structure consisting of two B-O layers with an 18-membered ring (18-MR) joined by [PO4], which is composed of the π-conjugated group [BO3] and non-π-conjugated groups [BO4] and [PO4]. The UV-vis-NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy shows that the cutoff edge is less than 200 nm. The calculation indicates that KRBPO exhibits moderate birefringence of 0.057@1064 nm, and the source of birefringence is mainly from the [BO3] groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyi Zuo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Qiuyuan Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Hong Du
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Energy Storage and Photoelectrocatalytic Materials, Urumqi 830054, China
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7
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Zhang L, Wang S, Zhang F, Yang Z, Hou X. K 5[B 3O 3F 4(OH)] 2(NO 3): the first hydroxyfluorooxoborate-nitrate with a short ultraviolet cutoff edge and large birefringence. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:13492-13496. [PMID: 37728022 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02529b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The first hydroxyfluorooxoborate-nitrate mixed anion compound, K5[B3O3F4(OH)]2(NO3), was synthesized by the solution evaporation method. It displays a unique structure built by K+ cations, the hydroxylated and fluorinated six-membered ring [B3O3F4(OH)] and [NO3] groups. It possesses a band gap of 5.68 eV derived from the diffuse reflectance spectrum, which corresponds to an ultraviolet cutoff edge of 218 nm. First-principles calculations show that it has a large birefringence of 0.095 at 532 nm and the result of the response electron distribution anisotropy method indicates that all three anion groups contribute positively to the birefringence, verifying the synergic contributions from the multiple anion groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyong Zhang
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shibin Wang
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xueling Hou
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Cheng H, Li F, Lu J, Hou X. Li 2RbSO 4Cl with a Short Ultraviolet Absorption Edge and an Acentric Structure through Assembling Heteroleptic [LiO 3Cl] Tetrahedra. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:13608-13614. [PMID: 37551151 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Currently, short-wavelength nonlinear optical materials are urgently needed. Through substituting homoleptic [LiO4] in centrosymmetric LiRbSO4 with heteroleptic [LiO3Cl] tetrahedra, an acentric sulfate chloride, Li2RbSO4Cl, was designed and synthesized by the high-temperature melting method. Li2RbSO4Cl shows a relatively short ultraviolet absorption edge (<200 nm) among newly reported sulfate chlorides. Millimeter-sized crystals were grown due to the congruent melting behavior and high thermal stability of the compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Cheng
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Materials and Devices, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fuming Li
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Materials and Devices, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Juanjuan Lu
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Materials and Devices, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Xueling Hou
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Materials and Devices, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China
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