1
|
Wu X, Song X, Xia Y. High-Valent Copper Catalysis Enables Regioselective Fluoroarylation of Gem-Difluorinated Cyclopropanes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2401243. [PMID: 38460153 PMCID: PMC11095216 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Transition-metal (TM) catalyzed reaction of gem-difluorinated cyclopropanes (gem-DFCPs) has drawn much attention recently. The reaction generally occurs via the activation of the distal C─C bond in gem-DFCPs by a low-valent TM through oxidative addition, eventually producing mono-fluoro olefins as the coupling products. However, achieving regioselective activation of the proximal C─C bond in gem-DFCPs that overcomes the intrinsic reactivity via TM catalysis remains elusive. Here, a new reaction mode of gem-DFCPs enabled by high-valent copper catalysis, which allows exclusive activation of the congested proximal C─C bond is presented. The reaction that achieves fluoroarylation of gem-DFCPs uses NFSI (N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide) as electrophilic fluoro reagent and arenes as the C─H nucleophiles, enabling the synthesis of diverse CF3-containing scaffolds. It is proposed that a high-valent copper species plays an important role in the regioselective activation of the proximal C─C bond possibly via a σ-bond metathesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Wu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth HospitalWest China‐PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Healthand State Key Laboratory of BiotherapySichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Xiangyu Song
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth HospitalWest China‐PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Healthand State Key Laboratory of BiotherapySichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Ying Xia
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth HospitalWest China‐PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Healthand State Key Laboratory of BiotherapySichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou W, Chen P, Li ZQ, Xiao LT, Bai J, Song XR, Luo MJ, Xiao Q. Electrochemical 1,3-Alkyloxylimidation of Arylcyclopropane Radical Cations: Four-Component Access to Imide Derivatives. Org Lett 2023; 25:6919-6924. [PMID: 37695045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a general electrochemical radical-cation-mediated four-component ring-opening 1,3-alkyloxylimidation of arylcyclopropanes, acetonitrile, carboxylic acids, and alcohols is described, providing a facile and sustainable approach to quickly construct structurally diverse imide derivatives from easily available raw materials in an operationally simple undivided cell. This metal-catalyst- and oxidant-free single-electron oxidation strategy offers a green alternative for the formation of highly reactive cyclopropane-derived radical cations, and this protocol features a broad functional group tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China
| | - Zi-Qiong Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China
| | - Li-Tong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China
| | - Jiang Bai
- Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China
| | - Xian-Rong Song
- Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China
| | - Mu-Jia Luo
- Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China
| | - Qiang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hitt M, Norris A, Vedernikov AN. Oxidative Imidation of Benzylic and Cycloalkane C(sp 3)-H Bond Donors Using N-Aroyloxyquinuclidinium Salts and Nitriles under Photoredox Catalysis. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 37467385 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
A series of N-aroyloxyquinuclidinium salts were prepared and used as reagents to perform efficient three-component Ritter-Mumm-type oxidative C-H imidation of donors of 1° and 2° benzylic C-H bonds used as limiting reagents with nitriles as a source of imide nitrogen under photocatalytic conditions; these reagents also exhibit somewhat lower reactivity toward cycloalkanes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hitt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Andrew Norris
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Andrei N Vedernikov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| |
Collapse
|