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Wang RH, Li B, Gou MB, Luo ZQ, Liu B, Li Y, Kong X, He Q, He S, Li JF, Huang J, Wang J, Zhang J, Tang L. Redox-Neutral Coupling of Allyl Alcohols with Trifluoromethyl Ketones via Synergistic Ni-Ti Bimetallic Catalysis. Org Lett 2024; 26:7408-7413. [PMID: 39186015 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
A redox-neutral coupling of allyl alcohols with trifluoromethyl ketones has been developed via Ni-Ti bimetallic catalysis. This innovative method allows for the efficient synthesis of various β-tertiary trifluoromethyl alcohol-substituted ketones with yields of up to 98%. The reaction is scalable and compatible with a wide range of substrates, including complex bioactive molecules. Mechanistic studies suggest that the rate-determining step involving β-H elimination and the presence of the Ti-based Lewis acid, as well as a hydroxyl group on the substrates, is crucial for driving the reactivity of this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Hua Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, 561113 Guiyang, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medcial University, 550014 Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Bo Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, 561113 Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Bai Gou
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, 561113 Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Qi Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, 561113 Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, 561113 Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Yong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, 561113 Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Xiangkai Kong
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, 561113 Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Qing He
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, 561113 Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Siyu He
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, 561113 Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Jiang-Fei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Synthesis and Application of Medical Materials, Wannan Medical College, 241002 Wuhu, P. R. China
| | - Jiayu Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, 561113 Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Jianta Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, 561113 Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Jiquan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, 561113 Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Lei Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, 561113 Guiyang, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medcial University, 550014 Guiyang, P. R. China
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2
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Lian F, Li JL, Xu K. When transition-metal catalysis meets electrosynthesis: a recent update. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:4390-4419. [PMID: 38771266 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00484a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
While aiming at sustainable synthesis, organic electrosynthesis has attracted increasing attention in the past few years. In parallel, with a deeper understanding of catalyst and ligand design, 3d transition-metal catalysis allows the conception of more straightforward synthetic routes in a cost-effective fashion. Owing to their intrinsic advantages, the merger of organic electrosynthesis with 3d transition-metal catalysis has offered huge opportunities for conceptually novel transformations while limiting ecological footprint. This review summarizes the key advancements in this direction published in the recent two years, with specific focus placed on strategy design and mechanistic aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lian
- School of Medicine, Henan Engineering Research Center of Funiu Mountain's Medicinal Resources Utilization and Molecular Medicine, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China.
| | - Jiu-Ling Li
- School of Medicine, Henan Engineering Research Center of Funiu Mountain's Medicinal Resources Utilization and Molecular Medicine, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China.
| | - Kun Xu
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
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3
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He T, Liang C, Cheng H, Shi S, Huang S. Cathodically Coupled Electrolysis to Access Biheteroaryls. Org Lett 2024; 26:607-612. [PMID: 38206057 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
An electrochemical approach to biheteroaryls through the coupling of diverse N-heteroarenes with heteroaryl phosphonium salts is reported. The reaction features pH and redox-neutral conditions and excellent regioselectivity, as well as exogenous air or moisture tolerance. Additionally, a one-pot, two-step protocol can be established to realize formal C-H/C-H coupling of heteroarenes, thereby greatly expanding the substrate availability. The utility of this method is demonstrated through late-stage functionalization, the total synthesis of nitraridine, and antifungal activity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu He
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chaoqiang Liang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Haoyuan Cheng
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shuai Shi
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shenlin Huang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Wang H, Liu R, Sun Q, Xu K. Direct alkylation of quinoxalinones with electron-deficient alkenes enabled by a sequential paired electrolysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:12763-12766. [PMID: 37812023 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04356h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The metal-free alkylation of N-heterocycles with alkenes has remained a synthetic challenge. We report here the successful implementation of metal-free alkylation of quinoxalinones with electron-deficient alkenes enabled by a sequential paired electrolysis. This protocol provides a mechanistically distinct approach to prepare a variety of C-3 alkylated quinoxalinones that are otherwise quite difficult to synthesize by other means.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqiao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Ruoyu Liu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Kun Xu
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
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5
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Du HW, Du YD, Zeng XW, Shu W. Access to Trifluoromethylketones from Alkyl Bromides and Trifluoroacetic Anhydride by Photocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308732. [PMID: 37534823 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Aliphatic trifluoromethyl ketones are a type of unique fluorine-containing subunit which play a significant role in altering the physical and biological properties of molecules. Catalytic methods to provide direct access to aliphatic trifluoromethyl ketones are highly desirable yet remain underdeveloped, partially owing to the high reactivity and instability of trifluoroacetyl radical. Herein, we report a photocatalytic synthesis of trifluoromethyl ketones from alkyl bromides with trifluoroacetic anhydride. The reaction features dual visible-light and halogen-atom-transfer catalysis, followed by an enabling radical-radical cross-coupling of an alkyl radical with a stabilized trifluoromethyl radical. The reaction provides straightforward access to aliphatic trifluoromethyl ketones from readily available and cost-effective alkyl halides and trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Wu Du
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Dan Du
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Wang Zeng
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Wei Shu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, P. R. China
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Kang H, Tan L, Han JT, Huang CY, Su H, Kavun A, Li CJ. Acceptorless cross-dehydrogenative coupling for C(sp 3)-H heteroarylation mediated by a heterogeneous GaN/ketone photocatalyst/photosensitizer system. Commun Chem 2023; 6:181. [PMID: 37658203 PMCID: PMC10474291 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00947-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alkanes are naturally abundant chemical building blocks that contain plentiful C(sp3)-H bonds. While inert, the activation of C(sp3)-H via hydrogen atom abstraction (HAT) stages an appealing approach to generate alkyl radicals. However, prevailing shortcomings include the excessive use of oxidants and alkanes that impede scope. We herein show the use of gallium nitride (GaN) as a non-toxic, recyclable, heterogeneous photocatalyst to enable alkyl C(sp3)-H in conjunction with the catalytic use of simple photosensitizer, benzophenone, to promote the desired alkyl radical generation. The dual photocatalytic cycle enables cross-dehydrogenative Minisci alkylation under mild and chemical oxidant-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyotaik Kang
- Department of Chemistry, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W., Montréal, Québec, H3A0B8, Canada.
| | - Lida Tan
- Department of Chemistry, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W., Montréal, Québec, H3A0B8, Canada
| | - Jing-Tan Han
- Department of Chemistry, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W., Montréal, Québec, H3A0B8, Canada
| | - Chia-Yu Huang
- Department of Chemistry, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W., Montréal, Québec, H3A0B8, Canada
| | - Hui Su
- Department of Chemistry, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W., Montréal, Québec, H3A0B8, Canada
| | - Aleksei Kavun
- Department of Chemistry, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W., Montréal, Québec, H3A0B8, Canada
| | - Chao-Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W., Montréal, Québec, H3A0B8, Canada
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Wang W, Qin Z, Zhang X, Zhao W, Yang W. Catalyst-free C(sp 3)-H functionalization of methyl azaarenes with heteroaromatic trifluoromethyl ketone hydrates: "all-water" synthesis of α-trifluoromethyl tertiary alcohols. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:4304-4308. [PMID: 37161518 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00566f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
An efficient catalyst-free C(sp3)-H bond functionalization of methyl azaarenes with heteroaromatic trifluoromethyl ketone hydrates in neat water has been developed for the synthesis of α-trifluoromethyl tertiary alcohols bearing N-heteroaromatics. This method not only features excellent efficiency, broad substrate scope, catalyst-free conditions, and easy gram-scale preparation but also represents a new and rare example of "all-water" synthesis of trifluoromethylated molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China.
| | - Zhaoliang Qin
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China.
| | - Xinhui Zhang
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China.
| | - Wanxiang Zhao
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China.
| | - Wen Yang
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China.
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Wang H, Xu K. Electrochemical Cobalt-Catalyzed C-H Hydroxyalkylation of N-Heteroarenes with Trifluoromethyl Ketones. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202300010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
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