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Zhou J, Meng L, Yang Z, Wang JJ. Enantio- and Regioselective Cascade Hydroboration of Methylenecyclopropanes for Facile Access to Chiral 1,3- and 1,4-Bis(boronates). ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2400096. [PMID: 38477439 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Chiral 1, n-bis(boronate) plays a crucial role in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry. However, their catalytic and asymmetric synthesis has long posed a challenge in terms of operability and accessibility from readily available substrates. The recent discovery of the C═C bond formation through β-C elimination of methylenecyclopropanes (MCP) has provided an exciting opportunity to enhance molecular complexity. In this study, the catalyzed asymmetric cascade hydroboration of MCP is developed. By employing different ligands, various homoallylic boronate intermediate are obtained through the hydroboration ring opening process. Subsequently, the cascade hydroboration with HBpin or B2pin2 resulted in the synthesis of enantioenriched chiral 1,3- and 1,4-bis(boronates) in high yields, accompanied by excellent chemo- and enantioselectivities. The selective transformation of these two distinct C─B bonds also demonstrated their application potential in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ling Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ziyi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Joelle Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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2
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Chen ZC, Ouyang Q, Du W, Chen YC. Palladium(0) π-Lewis Base Catalysis: Concept and Development. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:6422-6437. [PMID: 38426858 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The development of a new catalytic strategy plays a vital role in modern organic chemistry since it permits bond formation in an unprecedented and more efficient manner. Although the application of preformed metal complexes as π-base-activated reagents have enabled diverse transformations elegantly, the concept and strategy by directly utilizing transition metals as efficient π-Lewis base catalysts remain underdeveloped, especially in the field of asymmetric catalysis. Here, we outline our perspective on the discovery of palladium(0) as an efficient π-Lewis base catalyst, which is capable of increasing the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy of both electron-neutral and electron-deficient 1,3-dienes and 1,3-enynes upon flexible η2-complexes formed in situ and resultant π-backdonation. Thus, fruitful carbon-carbon-forming reactions with diverse electrophiles can be achieved enantioselectively in a vinylogous addition pattern, which is conceptually different from the classical oxidative cyclization mechanism. Emphasis will be given to the concept and mechanism elucidation, catalytic features, and reaction design together with perspective on the further development of this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qin Ouyang
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying-Chun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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3
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Zheng W, Tan BB, Ge S, Lu Y. Enantioselective Copper-Catalyzed Ring-Opening Diboration of Arylidenecyclopropanes to Access Chiral Skipped 1,4- and 1,3-Diboronates. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5366-5374. [PMID: 38354313 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Two enantioselective approaches to synthesize chiral skipped diboronate compounds have been developed, relying on copper-catalyzed one-pot asymmetric ring-opening diboration of arylidenecyclopropanes. A wide range of arylidenecyclopropanes react smoothly with HBpin in the presence of CuOAc and (R)-DTBM-Segphos, affording chiral 1,4-diboronates with high enantioselectivity (up to 99% ee). Meanwhile, a variety of arylidenecyclopropanes react selectively with HBpin and B2pin2 in the presence of CuOAc and (S,S)-Ph-BPE with the sequential addition of MeOH, providing chiral 1,3-diboronates with high enantioselectivity (up to 98% ee). These enantioenriched 1,3- and 1,4-diboronates can undergo various enantiospecific transformations with minimal loss of their enantiopurity. Mechanistic studies reveal that these two diboration processes start with CuH-catalyzed ring-opening hydroboration of arylidenecyclopropanes to form a mixture of Z/E-homoallyl boronate intermediates, which subsequently undergo enantioselective CuH-catalyzed second hydroboration or Cu-Bpin-catalyzed protoboration to produce chiral 1,4-diboronates or 1,3-diboronates, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Boon Beng Tan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Shaozhong Ge
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Yixin Lu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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Zhang J, Hu Y, Zhang TY, Chen ZC, Du W, Chen YC. Palladium(0)-Catalyzed Enantioselective Construction of Multifunctional Piperidine Derivatives from 1,3-Dienes, N-Cyano Imines, and Beyond. Org Lett 2023; 25:8133-8138. [PMID: 37933993 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
An enantioselective (4 + 2) reaction between 1,3-dienes and N-cyano imines has been developed under Pd(0) catalysis, proceeding through a cascade vinylogous addition and intramolecular allylic amination sequence. 2,6-cis-Disubstituted-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridines were furnished as single diastereomers in moderate to good yields and enantiocontrol. Moreover, a more challenging three-component (2 + 2 + 2) annulation of 1,3-dienes, N-cyano imines, and activated alkenes was efficiently realized to afford piperidines with high structural complexity, albeit with moderate enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Chun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
- Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Frontiers Medical Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
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Zhou J, Meng L, Lin S, Cai B, Wang J. Palladium-catalyzed Enantio- and Regioselective Ring-Opening Hydrophosphinylation of Methylenecyclopropanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202303727. [PMID: 37186017 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202303727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed hydrofunctionalization of methylenecyclopropanes (MCP) has presented a considerable challenge due to the difficult manipulation of regioselectivity and complicated reaction patterns. Herein, we report a straightforward Pd-catalyzed ring-opening hydrophosphinylation reaction of MCP via highly selective C-C bond cleavage. This allows for rapid and efficient access to a wide range of chiral allylic phosphine oxides in good yields and high enantioselectivities. Additionally, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to elucidate the reaction mechanism and the origin of product enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Hong Kong Baptist University, Department of Chemistry, HONG KONG
| | - Ling Meng
- Hong Kong Baptist University, Department of Chemistry, HONG KONG
| | - Shujuan Lin
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Department of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Baohua Cai
- Southern University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Jun Wang
- Hong Kong Baptist University, Department of Chemistry, Ho Sin Hang Campus, 000000, Hong Kong, HONG KONG
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