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Coskun A, Ertaylan G, Pusparum M, Van Hoof R, Kaya ZZ, Khosravi A, Zarrabi A. Advancing personalized medicine: Integrating statistical algorithms with omics and nano-omics for enhanced diagnostic accuracy and treatment efficacy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024:167339. [PMID: 38986819 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Medical laboratory services enable precise measurement of thousands of biomolecules and have become an inseparable part of high-quality healthcare services, exerting a profound influence on global health outcomes. The integration of omics technologies into laboratory medicine has transformed healthcare, enabling personalized treatments and interventions based on individuals' distinct genetic and metabolic profiles. Interpreting laboratory data relies on reliable reference values. Presently, population-derived references are used for individuals, risking misinterpretation due to population heterogeneity, and leading to medical errors. Thus, personalized references are crucial for precise interpretation of individual laboratory results, and the interpretation of omics data should be based on individualized reference values. We reviewed recent advancements in personalized laboratory medicine, focusing on personalized omics, and discussed strategies for implementing personalized statistical approaches in omics technologies to improve global health and concluded that personalized statistical algorithms for interpretation of omics data have great potential to enhance global health. Finally, we demonstrated that the convergence of nanotechnology and omics sciences is transforming personalized laboratory medicine by providing unparalleled diagnostic precision and innovative therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurrahman Coskun
- Acibadem University, School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Gökhan Ertaylan
- Unit Health, Environmental Intelligence, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol 2400, Belgium
| | - Murih Pusparum
- Unit Health, Environmental Intelligence, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol 2400, Belgium; I-Biostat, Data Science Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt 3500, Belgium
| | - Rebekka Van Hoof
- Unit Health, Environmental Intelligence, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol 2400, Belgium
| | - Zelal Zuhal Kaya
- Nisantasi University, School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Arezoo Khosravi
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul 34959, Turkey
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul 34396, Turkey; Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600 077, India
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Horst KK, Cao JY, McCollough CH, El-Ali A, Frush DP, Siegel MJ, Ramirez-Giraldo JC, O'Donnell T, Bach S, Yu L. Multi-institutional Protocol Guidance for Pediatric Photon-counting CT. Radiology 2024; 311:e231741. [PMID: 38771176 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.231741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Performing CT in children comes with unique challenges such as greater degrees of patient motion, smaller and densely packed anatomy, and potential risks of radiation exposure. The technical advancements of photon-counting detector (PCD) CT enable decreased radiation dose and noise, as well as increased spatial and contrast resolution across all ages, compared with conventional energy-integrating detector CT. It is therefore valuable to review the relevant technical aspects and principles specific to protocol development on the new PCD CT platform to realize the potential benefits for this population. The purpose of this article, based on multi-institutional clinical and research experience from pediatric radiologists and medical physicists, is to provide protocol guidance for use of PCD CT in the imaging of pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly K Horst
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (K.K.H., C.H.M., L.Y.); Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (J.Y.C., D.P.F., S.B.); Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY (A.E.A.); Edward Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (M.J.S.); and Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Malvern, Pa (J.C.R.G., T.O.)
| | - Joseph Y Cao
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (K.K.H., C.H.M., L.Y.); Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (J.Y.C., D.P.F., S.B.); Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY (A.E.A.); Edward Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (M.J.S.); and Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Malvern, Pa (J.C.R.G., T.O.)
| | - Cynthia H McCollough
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (K.K.H., C.H.M., L.Y.); Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (J.Y.C., D.P.F., S.B.); Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY (A.E.A.); Edward Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (M.J.S.); and Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Malvern, Pa (J.C.R.G., T.O.)
| | - Alex El-Ali
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (K.K.H., C.H.M., L.Y.); Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (J.Y.C., D.P.F., S.B.); Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY (A.E.A.); Edward Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (M.J.S.); and Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Malvern, Pa (J.C.R.G., T.O.)
| | - Donald P Frush
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (K.K.H., C.H.M., L.Y.); Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (J.Y.C., D.P.F., S.B.); Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY (A.E.A.); Edward Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (M.J.S.); and Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Malvern, Pa (J.C.R.G., T.O.)
| | - Marilyn J Siegel
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (K.K.H., C.H.M., L.Y.); Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (J.Y.C., D.P.F., S.B.); Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY (A.E.A.); Edward Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (M.J.S.); and Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Malvern, Pa (J.C.R.G., T.O.)
| | - Juan Carlos Ramirez-Giraldo
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (K.K.H., C.H.M., L.Y.); Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (J.Y.C., D.P.F., S.B.); Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY (A.E.A.); Edward Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (M.J.S.); and Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Malvern, Pa (J.C.R.G., T.O.)
| | - Tom O'Donnell
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (K.K.H., C.H.M., L.Y.); Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (J.Y.C., D.P.F., S.B.); Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY (A.E.A.); Edward Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (M.J.S.); and Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Malvern, Pa (J.C.R.G., T.O.)
| | - Steve Bach
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (K.K.H., C.H.M., L.Y.); Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (J.Y.C., D.P.F., S.B.); Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY (A.E.A.); Edward Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (M.J.S.); and Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Malvern, Pa (J.C.R.G., T.O.)
| | - Lifeng Yu
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (K.K.H., C.H.M., L.Y.); Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (J.Y.C., D.P.F., S.B.); Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY (A.E.A.); Edward Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (M.J.S.); and Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Malvern, Pa (J.C.R.G., T.O.)
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Farhana A, Alsrhani A, Alghsham RS, Derafa W, Khan YS, Rasheed Z. Gold Nanoparticles Downregulate IL-6 Expression/Production by Upregulating microRNA-26a-5p and Deactivating the RelA and NF-κBp50 Transcription Pathways in Activated Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1404. [PMID: 38338683 PMCID: PMC10855246 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the modulation of pathogenic genes by binding to their mRNA sequences' 3' untranslated regions (3'UTR). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is known to promote cancer progression and treatment resistance. In this study, we aimed to explore the therapeutic effects of gold nanoparticles (GNP) against IL-6 overexpression and the modulation of miRNA-26a-5p in breast cancer (BC) cells. GNP were synthesized using the trisodium citrate method and characterized through UV-Vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). To predict the binding of miR-26a-5p in the IL-6 mRNA's 3'UTR, we utilized bioinformatics algorithms. Luciferase reporter clone assays and anti-miRNA-26a-5p transfection were employed to validate the binding of miR26a-5p in the IL-6 mRNA's 3'UTR. The activity of RelA and NF-κBp50 was assessed and confirmed using Bay 11-7082. The synthesized GNP were spherical with a mean size of 28.3 nm, exhibiting high stability, and were suitable for BC cell treatment. We found that miR-26a-5p directly regulated IL-6 overexpression in MCF-7 cells activated with PMA. Treatment of MCF-7 cells with GNP resulted in the inhibition of IL-6 overexpression and secretion through the increase of miR26a-5p. Furthermore, GNP deactivated NF-κBp65/NF-κBp50 transcription activity. The newly engineered GNP demonstrated safety and showed promise as a therapeutic approach for reducing IL-6 overexpression. The GNP suppressed IL-6 overexpression and secretion by deactivating NF-κBp65/NF-κBp50 transcription activity and upregulating miR-26a-5p expression in activated BC cells. These findings suggest that GNP have potential as a therapeutic intervention for BC by targeting IL-6 expression and associated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Farhana
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdullah Alsrhani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ruqaih S. Alghsham
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (R.S.A.); (Z.R.)
| | - Wassila Derafa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Aljouf 72388, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Yusuf Saleem Khan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Zafar Rasheed
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (R.S.A.); (Z.R.)
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Garrido MP, Hernandez A, Vega M, Araya E, Romero C. Conventional and new proposals of GnRH therapy for ovarian, breast, and prostatic cancers. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1143261. [PMID: 37056674 PMCID: PMC10086188 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1143261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
For many years, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone or gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogs have been used to treat androgen or estrogen-dependent tumors. However, emerging evidence shows that the GnRH receptor (GnRH-R) is overexpressed in several cancer cells, including ovarian, endometrial, and prostate cancer cells, suggesting that GnRH analogs could exert direct antitumoral actions in tumoral tissues that express GnRH-R. Another recent approach based on this knowledge was the use of GnRH peptides for developing specific targeted therapies, improving the delivery and accumulation of drugs in tumoral cells, and decreasing most side effects of current treatments. In this review, we discuss the conventional uses of GnRH analogs, together with the recent advances in GnRH-based drug delivery for ovarian, breast, and prostatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maritza P. Garrido
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología y Biología de la Reproducción, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Hernandez
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología y Biología de la Reproducción, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Margarita Vega
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología y Biología de la Reproducción, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eyleen Araya
- Departamento de Ciencias Quimicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carmen Romero
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología y Biología de la Reproducción, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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