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Dongare S, Zeeshan M, Aydogdu AS, Dikki R, Kurtoğlu-Öztulum SF, Coskun OK, Muñoz M, Banerjee A, Gautam M, Ross RD, Stanley JS, Brower RS, Muchharla B, Sacci RL, Velázquez JM, Kumar B, Yang JY, Hahn C, Keskin S, Morales-Guio CG, Uzun A, Spurgeon JM, Gurkan B. Reactive capture and electrochemical conversion of CO 2 with ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:8563-8631. [PMID: 38912871 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00390j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have tremendous potential for reactive capture and conversion (RCC) of CO2 due to their wide electrochemical stability window, low volatility, and high CO2 solubility. There is environmental and economic interest in the direct utilization of the captured CO2 using electrified and modular processes that forgo the thermal- or pressure-swing regeneration steps to concentrate CO2, eliminating the need to compress, transport, or store the gas. The conventional electrochemical conversion of CO2 with aqueous electrolytes presents limited CO2 solubility and high energy requirement to achieve industrially relevant products. Additionally, aqueous systems have competitive hydrogen evolution. In the past decade, there has been significant progress toward the design of ILs and DESs, and their composites to separate CO2 from dilute streams. In parallel, but not necessarily in synergy, there have been studies focused on a few select ILs and DESs for electrochemical reduction of CO2, often diluting them with aqueous or non-aqueous solvents. The resulting electrode-electrolyte interfaces present a complex speciation for RCC. In this review, we describe how the ILs and DESs are tuned for RCC and specifically address the CO2 chemisorption and electroreduction mechanisms. Critical bulk and interfacial properties of ILs and DESs are discussed in the context of RCC, and the potential of these electrolytes are presented through a techno-economic evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saudagar Dongare
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
| | - Ahmet Safa Aydogdu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
- Koç University TÜPRAŞ Energy Center (KUTEM), Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ruth Dikki
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
| | - Samira F Kurtoğlu-Öztulum
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
- Koç University TÜPRAŞ Energy Center (KUTEM), Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Turkish-German University, Sahinkaya Cad., Beykoz, 34820 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oguz Kagan Coskun
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
| | - Miguel Muñoz
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
| | - Avishek Banerjee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Manu Gautam
- Conn Center for Renewable Energy Research, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - R Dominic Ross
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Jared S Stanley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Rowan S Brower
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Baleeswaraiah Muchharla
- Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, & Engineering Technology, Elizabeth City State University, 1704 Weeksville Road, Elizabeth City, NC 27909, USA
| | - Robert L Sacci
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
| | - Jesús M Velázquez
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Bijandra Kumar
- Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, & Engineering Technology, Elizabeth City State University, 1704 Weeksville Road, Elizabeth City, NC 27909, USA
| | - Jenny Y Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Christopher Hahn
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Seda Keskin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
- Koç University TÜPRAŞ Energy Center (KUTEM), Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Carlos G Morales-Guio
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alper Uzun
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
- Koç University TÜPRAŞ Energy Center (KUTEM), Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
- Koç University Surface Science and Technology Center (KUYTAM), Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Joshua M Spurgeon
- Conn Center for Renewable Energy Research, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Burcu Gurkan
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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Taylor CL, Klemm A, Al-Mahbobi L, Bradford BJ, Gurkan B, Pentzer EB. Ionic Liquid-Glycol Mixtures for Direct Air Capture of CO 2: Decreased Viscosity and Mitigation of Evaporation Via Encapsulation. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2024; 12:7882-7893. [PMID: 38783843 PMCID: PMC11110104 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c01265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Herein we address the efficiency of the CO2 sorption of ionic liquids (IL) with hydrogen bond donors (e.g., glycols) added as viscosity modifiers and the impact of encapsulating them to limit sorbent evaporation under conditions for the direct air capture of CO2. Ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, and diethylene glycol were added to three different ILs: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium 2-cyanopyrrolide ([EMIM][2-CNpyr]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([EMIM][BF4]), and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM][BF4]). Incorporation of the glycols decreased viscosity by an average of 51% compared to bulk IL. After encapsulation of the liquid mixtures using a soft template approach, thermogravimetric analysis revealed average reductions in volatility of 36 and 40% compared to the unencapsulated liquid mixtures, based on 1 h isothermal experiments at 25 and 55 °C, respectively. The encapsulated mixtures of [EMIM][2-CNpyr]/1,3-propanediol and [EMIM][2-CNpyr]/diethylene glycol exhibited the lowest volatility (0.0019 and 0.0002 mmol/h at 25 °C, respectively) and were further evaluated as CO2 absorption/desorption materials. Based on the capacity determined from breakthrough measurements, [EMIM][2-CNpyr]/1,3-propanediol had a lower transport limited absorption rate for CO2 sorption compared to [EMIM][2-CNpyr]/diethylene glycol with 0.08 and 0.03 mol CO2/kg sorbent, respectively; however, [EMIM][2-CNpyr]/diethylene glycol capsules exhibited higher absorptions capacity at ∼500 ppm of CO2 (0.66 compared to 0.47 mol of CO2/kg sorbent for [EMIM][2-CNpyr]/1,3-propanediol). These results show that glycols can be used to not only reduce IL viscosity while increasing physisorption sites for CO2 sorption, but also that encapsulation can be utilized to mitigate evaporation of volatile viscosity modifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron
D. L. Taylor
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas
A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Aidan Klemm
- Department
of Chemical Engineering Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Luma Al-Mahbobi
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas
A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - B. Jack Bradford
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas
A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Burcu Gurkan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Emily B. Pentzer
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas
A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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Coskun OK, Muñoz M, Dongare S, Dean W, Gurkan BE. Understanding the Electrode-Electrolyte Interfaces of Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:3283-3300. [PMID: 38341773 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Developing unconventional electrolytes such as ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) has led to remarkable advances in electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices. However, the understanding of the electrode-electrolyte interfaces of these electrolytes, specifically the liquid structure and the charge/electron transfer mechanism and rates, is lacking due to the complexity of molecular interactions, the difficulty in studying the buried interfaces with nanometer-scale resolution, and the distribution of the time scales for the various interfacial events. This Feature Article outlines the standing questions in the field, summarizes some of the exciting approaches and results, and discusses our contributions to probing the electrified interfaces by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and neutron reflectivity (NR). The related findings are analyzed within electrical double-layer models to provide a framework for studying ILs, DESs, and, more broadly, the concentrated hydrogen-bonded electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oguz Kagan Coskun
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Miguel Muñoz
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Saudagar Dongare
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - William Dean
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Burcu E Gurkan
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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