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Gan M, Li L, Yang X, Rong H, Wang Z, Li Y, Zhang Y, Chen X, Peng X. A Comprehensive Pyrolysis Mechanism of Binuclear Chromium-Based Complexes for Superior OER Activity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:28664-28672. [PMID: 38787643 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Transition metal oxides are widely pursued as potent electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, single-metal chromium catalysts remain underexplored due to their intrinsic activity limitations. Herein, we successfully synthesize mixed-valence, nitrogen-doped Cr2O3/CrO3/CrN@NC nanoelectrocatalysts via one-step targeted pyrolysis techniques from a binuclear Cr-based complex (Cr2(Salophen)2(CH3OH)2), which is strategically designed as a precursor. Comprehensive pyrolysis mechanisms were thoroughly delineated by using coupled thermogravimetric analysis and mass spectrometry (TG-MS) alongside X-ray diffraction. Below 800 °C, the generation of a reducing atmosphere was noted, while continuous pyrolysis at temperatures exceeding 800 °C promoted highly oxidized CrO3 species with an elevated +6 oxidation state. The optimized catalyst pyrolyzed at 1000 °C (Cr2O3/CrO3/CrN@NCs-1000) demonstrated remarkable OER activity with a low overpotential of 290 mV in 1 M KOH and excellent stability. Further density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed a much smaller reaction energy barrier of CrO3 than the low oxidation state species for OER reactivity. This work reveals fresh strategies for rationally engineering chromium-based electrocatalysts and overcoming intrinsic roadblocks to enable efficient OER catalysis through a deliberate oxidation state and compositional tuning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixing Gan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Research Institute of Qianjiang Industry Technology, Hubei University, No. 368 Youyi Avenue, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Research Institute of Qianjiang Industry Technology, Hubei University, No. 368 Youyi Avenue, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Xixian Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Research Institute of Qianjiang Industry Technology, Hubei University, No. 368 Youyi Avenue, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Rong
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Research Institute of Qianjiang Industry Technology, Hubei University, No. 368 Youyi Avenue, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Research Institute of Qianjiang Industry Technology, Hubei University, No. 368 Youyi Avenue, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Yuebin Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Research Institute of Qianjiang Industry Technology, Hubei University, No. 368 Youyi Avenue, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Yuexing Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Monocrystalline Silicon Semiconductor Materials and Technology, Shandong Universities Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuits Functional Materials and Expanded Applications, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, P. R. China
| | - Xueli Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Solid Waste Recycling, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Xu Peng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Research Institute of Qianjiang Industry Technology, Hubei University, No. 368 Youyi Avenue, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
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Wang G, Feng X, Ren R, Wang Y, Meng J, Jia J. Theoretical Study on ORR/OER Bifunctional Catalytic Activity of Axial Functionalized Iron Polyphthalocyanine. Molecules 2023; 29:210. [PMID: 38202793 PMCID: PMC10780174 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Designing efficient ORR/OER bifunctional electrocatalysts is very significant for reducing energy consumption and environmental protection. Hence, we studied the ORR/OER bifunctional catalytic activity of iron polyphthalocyanine (FePPc) coordinated by a series of axial ligands which has different electronegative coordination atom (FePPc-L) (L = -CN, -SH, -SCH3, -SC2H5, -I, -Br, -NH2, -Cl, -OCH3, -OH, and -F) in alkaline medium by DFT calculations. Among all FePPc-L, FePPc-CN, FePPc-SH, FePPc-SCH3, and FePPc-SC2H5 exhibit excellent ORR/OER bifunctional catalytic activities. Their ORR/OER overpotential is 0.256 V/0.234 V, 0.278 V/0.256 V, 0.280 V/0.329 V, and 0.290 V/0.316 V, respectively, which are much lower than that of the FePPc (0.483 V/0.834 V). The analysis of the electronic structure of the above catalysts shows that the electronegativity of the coordination atoms in the axial ligand is small, resulting in less distribution of dz2, dyz, and dxz orbitals near Ef, weak orbital polarization, small charge and magnetic moment of the central Fe atom, and weak adsorption strength for *OH. All these prove that the introduction of axial ligands with appropriate electronegativity coordinating atoms can adjust the adsorption of catalyst to intermediates and modify the ORR/OER bifunctional catalytic activities. This is an effective strategy for designing efficient ORR/OER bifunctional electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (G.W.); (X.F.); (R.R.); (Y.W.); (J.M.)
- Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Yuncheng University, Yuncheng 044000, China
| | - Xiaoqin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (G.W.); (X.F.); (R.R.); (Y.W.); (J.M.)
| | - Rongrong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (G.W.); (X.F.); (R.R.); (Y.W.); (J.M.)
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (G.W.); (X.F.); (R.R.); (Y.W.); (J.M.)
| | - Jie Meng
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (G.W.); (X.F.); (R.R.); (Y.W.); (J.M.)
| | - Jianfeng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (G.W.); (X.F.); (R.R.); (Y.W.); (J.M.)
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Wang G, Yang X, Wang R, Jia J. A theoretical study on the ORR electrocatalytic activity of axial ligand modified cobalt polyphthalocyanine. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:27342-27351. [PMID: 37791783 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03707j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the catalytic activity in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) of cobalt polyphthalocyanine whose central Co atom is coordinated at the axial position by ligands (L = -F, -OH, -OCH3, -N3, -Cl, -Br, -I, -SCN, and -CN) (CoPPc-L) was investigated using theoretical calculations in alkaline medium. Among all CoPPc-L, CoPPc-N3 exhibited the lowest ORR overpotential of 0.23 V vs. a standard hydrogen electrode, which is significantly lower than those of CoPPc (0.48 V) and Pt(111) (0.43 V). There is a good linear relationship between ΔG*OOH and the electronegativity of ligating atoms in axial ligands of CoPPc-L. The greater the electronegativity, the stronger the adsorption of the catalyst to the intermediate. Additionally, the adsorption strength of CoPPc to the intermediate is modified by the axial ligands, which adjust the distribution of anti-bonding electronic states of dz2, dxz, and dyz orbitals near the Fermi level, Ef. A larger Mayer bond order of the Co-L bond resulted in a smaller bond order of the Co-O bond. CoPPc-N3 exhibited a moderate Co-O bond order of 0.737, corresponding to moderate adsorption energy to the OOH intermediate. This study demonstrates that the interaction strength between CoPPc and ORR intermediates can be adjusted by selecting appropriate axial ligands, which can modulate the ORR catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China.
- Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Yuncheng University, Yuncheng 044000, China
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China.
| | - Ruiying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China.
| | - Jianfeng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China.
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