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Lee S, Ku M, Lim H, Hwang J, Kim JM, Jang H, Kim M, Shin J, Han HJ, Jung YS. Realizing Square-Ordered Nanopillars with a 0.1-Tera-Density through a Superimposed Masking Strategy for Advanced Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:69703-69712. [PMID: 39629948 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c15062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2024]
Abstract
Despite widespread interest in nanoscale pillar structures for various optical devices, including solar cells, photonic crystal lasers, and sensors, the critical challenges for mass production are the high equipment costs and limited scalability of traditional manufacturing methods. To overcome these hurdles, this study develops a simple and highly scalable etch-mask superposition technique based on thermally assisted nanotransfer printing (T-nTP) of Cr line patterns. The orthogonal superposition of linear Cr mask patterns creates double-height cross-point arrays that effectively and selectively protect the underlying SiO2 during subsequent reactive ion etching. This process generates highly uniform nanoscale pillar arrays with an extremely high density of 0.1 tera-pillars per square inch, eliminating the need for high-cost patterning platforms. As an exemplary application, we demonstrate the use of these perfectly ordered nanopillar arrays as high-performance surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensors through the deposition of noble metal films on the nanopillar surface. These nanopillars enable exceptionally uniform SERS intensity with spot variations of less than 7% in methylene blue (MB) measurements. Additionally, they exhibit sensitive detections and accurate quantification for thiabendazole (TBZ) at concentrations as low as 10-8 M, along with multicycle reusability without noticeable degradation, owing to the outstanding robustness of the SiO2 nanopillars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungkyun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjae Ku
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejin Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisung Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Min Kim
- Materials Architecturing Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5, Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanhwi Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjoon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghwa Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeuk Jin Han
- Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul 01133, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Sik Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Sato R, Vinther Bertelsen C, Nikitin M, Lopez Aymerich E, Malureanu R, Edith Svendsen W, Lavrinenko AV, Takayama O. Observation of edge bound states in the continuum at truncated silicon pillar photonic crystal. Nat Commun 2024; 15:10544. [PMID: 39627273 PMCID: PMC11615403 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-54929-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 11/26/2024] [Indexed: 12/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Bound states in the continuum are optical modes with extremely high-quality factors and narrow resonances, which exist in the dispersion spectrum of the radiative region above the light line. A unique bound state in the continuum is supported at the edge of truncated photonic crystals, which is a type of a Fabry-Pérot type bound state in the continuum, but has never been observed in experiments. Here, we demonstrate the bound states in the continuum supported at the edge array of silicon (Si) pillars whose diameter is bigger than that of the rest of a Si-pillar two-dimensional photonic crystal. We also show the tunability of the resonance and surface sensitivity of the mode when Si pillars are conformally coated with nanometer-thick aluminium oxide films. The presence of an oxide nanofilm improves the quality factor by over 60 % and shifts the resonance wavelength. Such behavior signifies the substantial potential of the bound states in the continuum on two-dimensional photonic crystals for post-fabrication tuning of the quality factor and surface sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Sato
- DTU Electro, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, Building 343, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Christian Vinther Bertelsen
- DTU Bioengineering - Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 221, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Maxim Nikitin
- DTU Electro, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, Building 343, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Elena Lopez Aymerich
- DTU Nanolab - National Centre for Nano Fabrication and Characterization, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, Building 347, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Radu Malureanu
- DTU Electro, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, Building 343, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Winnie Edith Svendsen
- DTU Bioengineering - Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 221, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Andrei V Lavrinenko
- DTU Electro, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, Building 343, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Osamu Takayama
- DTU Electro, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, Building 343, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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Luo M, Zhou Y, Zhao X, Guo Z, Li Y, Wang Q, Liu J, Luo W, Shi Y, Liu AQ, Wu X. High-Sensitivity Optical Sensors Empowered by Quasi-Bound States in the Continuum in a Hybrid Metal-Dielectric Metasurface. ACS NANO 2024; 18:6477-6486. [PMID: 38350867 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Enhancing light-matter interaction is a key requisite in the realm of optical sensors. Bound states in the continuum (BICs), possessing high quality factors (Q factors), have shown great advantages in sensing applications. Recent theories elucidate the ability of BICs with hybrid metal-dielectric architectures to achieve high Q factors and high sensitivities. However, the experimental validation of the sensing performance in such hybrid systems remains equivocal. In this study, we propose two symmetry-protected quasi-BIC modes in a metal-dielectric metasurface. Our results demonstrate that, under the normal incidence of light, the quasi-BIC mode dominated by dielectric can achieve a high Q factor of 412 and a sensing performance with a high bulk sensitivity of 492.7 nm/RIU (refractive index unit) and a figure of merit (FOM) of 266.3 RIU-1, while the quasi-BIC mode dominated by metal exhibits a stronger surface affinity in the biotin-streptavidin bioassay. These findings offer a promising approach for implementing metasurface-based sensors, representing a paradigm for high-sensitivity biosensing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Luo
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xuyang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Zhihe Guo
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yuxiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Wei Luo
- Institute of Quantum Technologies (IQT), Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yuzhi Shi
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Ai Qun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- Institute of Quantum Technologies (IQT), Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
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