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Baruah MJ, Dutta R, Zaki MEA, Bania KK. Heterogeneous Iron-Based Catalysts for Organic Transformation Reactions: A Brief Overview. Molecules 2024; 29:3177. [PMID: 38999129 PMCID: PMC11243350 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is considered to be one of the most significant elements due to its wide applications. Recent years have witnessed a burgeoning interest in Fe catalysis as a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to noble metal catalysis in organic synthesis. The abundance and low toxicity of Fe, coupled with its competitive reactivity and selectivity, underscore its appeal for sustainable synthesis. A lot of catalytic reactions have been performed using heterogeneous catalysts of Fe oxide hybridized with support systems like aluminosilicates, clays, carbonized materials, metal oxides or polymeric matrices. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in Fe-catalyzed organic transformation reactions. Highlighted areas include cross-coupling reactions, C-H activation, asymmetric catalysis, and cascade processes, showcasing the versatility of Fe across a spectrum of synthetic methodologies. Emphasis is placed on mechanistic insights, elucidating the underlying principles governing iron-catalyzed reactions. Challenges and opportunities in the field are discussed, providing a roadmap for future research endeavors. Overall, this review illuminates the transformative potential of Fe catalysis in driving innovation and sustainability in organic chemistry, with implications for drug discovery, materials science, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manash J Baruah
- Department of Chemistry, DCB Girls' College, Jorhat 785001, Assam, India
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India
| | - Rupjyoti Dutta
- CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Magdi E A Zaki
- Department of Chemistry, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kusum K Bania
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India
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Liu S, Sun Y, Ye J, Li C, Wang Q, Liu M, Cui Y, Wang C, Jin G, Fu Y, Xu J, Liang X. Targeted Delivery of Active Sites by Oxygen Vacancy-Engineered Bimetal Silicate Nanozymes for Intratumoral Aggregation-Potentiated Catalytic Therapy. ACS NANO 2024; 18:1516-1530. [PMID: 38172073 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Biodegradable silicate nanoconstructs have aroused tremendous interest in cancer therapeutics due to their variable framework composition and versatile functions. Nevertheless, low intratumoral retention still limits their practical application. In this study, oxygen vacancy (OV)-enriched bimetallic silicate nanozymes with Fe-Ca dual active sites via modification of oxidized sodium alginate and gallic acid (GA) loading (OFeCaSA-V@GA) were developed for targeted aggregation-potentiated therapy. The band gap of silica markedly decreased from 2.76 to 1.81 eV by codoping of Fe3+ and Ca2+, enabling its excitation by a 650 nm laser to generate reactive oxygen species. The OV that occurred in the hydrothermal synthetic stage of OFeCaSA-V@GA can anchor the metal ions to form an atomic phase, offering a massive fabrication method of single-atom nanozymes. Density functional theory results reveal that the Ca sites can promote the adsorption of H2O2, and Fe sites can accelerate the dissociation of H2O2, thereby realizing a synergetic catalytic effect. More importantly, the targeted delivery of metal ions can induce a morphological transformation at tumor sites, leading to high retention (the highest retention rate is 36.3%) of theranostic components in tumor cells. Thus, this finding may offer an ingenious protocol for designing and engineering highly efficient and long-retention nanodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
- Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, P. R. China
| | - Yu Sun
- Heilongjiang Vocational Institute Ecological Engineering, Harbin, 150040, P. R. China
| | - Jin Ye
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| | - Chunsheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| | - Mengting Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Cui
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, P. R. China
| | - Guanqiao Jin
- Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Fu
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Jiating Xu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-Based Active Substances, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, P. R. China
| | - Xinqiang Liang
- Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, P. R. China
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