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Saruwatari A, Kamiyama Y, Kawamura A, Miyata T, Tamate R, Ueki T. Straightforward preparation of a tough and stretchable ion gel. SOFT MATTER 2024. [PMID: 39016625 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00628c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Ion gels, polymer networks swollen by ionic liquids, are expected to be applied to wearable devices that are tolerant to repeated stretching. High strength and excellent stretchability was achieved due to the numerous physical cross-links with abundant polymer chain entanglements in addition to a small number of immobile chemical cross-links, even though the ion gel was prepared by a facile methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Saruwatari
- Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Yuji Kamiyama
- Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Akifumi Kawamura
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35, Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
- Organization for Research and Development of Innovative Science and Technology, Kansai University, 3-3-35, Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | - Takashi Miyata
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35, Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
- Organization for Research and Development of Innovative Science and Technology, Kansai University, 3-3-35, Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | - Ryota Tamate
- Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Ueki
- Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
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Hasan N, Bhuyan MM, Jeong JH. Single/Multi-Network Conductive Hydrogels-A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2030. [PMID: 39065347 PMCID: PMC11281081 DOI: 10.3390/polym16142030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels made from conductive organic materials have gained significant interest in recent years due to their wide range of uses, such as electrical conductors, freezing resistors, biosensors, actuators, biomedical engineering materials, drug carrier, artificial organs, flexible electronics, battery solar cells, soft robotics, and self-healers. Nevertheless, the insufficient level of effectiveness in electroconductive hydrogels serves as a driving force for researchers to intensify their endeavors in this domain. This article provides a concise overview of the recent advancements in creating self-healing single- or multi-network (double or triple) conductive hydrogels (CHs) using a range of natural and synthetic polymers and monomers. We deliberated on the efficacy, benefits, and drawbacks of several conductive hydrogels. This paper emphasizes the use of natural polymers and innovative 3D printing CHs-based technology to create self-healing conductive gels for flexible electronics. In conclusion, advantages and disadvantages have been noted, and some potential opportunities for self-healing single- or multi-network hydrogels have been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Md Murshed Bhuyan
- Department of Mechanical, Smart and Industrial Engineering (Mechanical Engineering Major), Gachon University 1342, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jae-Ho Jeong
- Department of Mechanical, Smart and Industrial Engineering (Mechanical Engineering Major), Gachon University 1342, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea;
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Liao H, Su J, Han J, Xiao T, Sun X, Cui G, Duan X, Shi P. An Intrinsic Self-Healable, Anti-Freezable and Ionically Conductive Hydrogel for Soft Ionotronics Induced by Imidazolyl Cross-Linker Molecules Anchored with Dynamic Disulfide Bonds. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300613. [PMID: 38157222 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogels are ideal materials for flexible electronic devices based on their smooth ion channels and considerable mechanical flexibility. A substantial volume of aqueous solution is required to enable the smooth flow of ions, resulting in the agony of low-temperature freezing; besides, long-term exposure to bending/tensile tress triggers fatigue issues. Therefore, it is a great challenge to prepare hydrogels with both freeze-resistance and long-term durability. Herein, a polyacrylic acid-based hydrogel with both hydrophobic interaction and dynamic reversible covalent bonding cross-linking networks is preparing (DC-hydrogel) by polymerizing a bi-functional imidazole-type ionic liquid monomer with integrated disulfide and alkene bonds (DS/DB-IL) and an octadecyl methacrylate, achieving self-healing. The DS/DB-IL anchored into the polymer backbone has a high affinity with water, reducing the freezing point of water, while the DS/DB-IL with free ions provides superior ionic conductivity to the DC-hydrogel. The polyacrylic acid with abundant carboxyl gives hydrogel good self-adhesiveness to different substrates. Ionotronics with resistance-type sensors with stable output performance are fabricated and explored its application to joint motion and health information. Moreover, hydrogel-based sensing arrays with high resolution and accuracy are fabricated to identify 2D distribution of stress. The hydrogels have great promise for various ionotronics in many fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Liao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan, 412007, China
- China Textile Academy (Zhejiang) Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312071, China
| | - Jiayi Su
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan, 412007, China
| | - Jieling Han
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan, 412007, China
| | - Tieming Xiao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan, 412007, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan, 412007, China
| | - Guixin Cui
- China Textile Academy (Zhejiang) Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312071, China
| | - Xiaofei Duan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan, 412007, China
| | - Pu Shi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan, 412007, China
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Xu Y, Chen M, Yu S, Zhou H. High-performance flexible strain sensors based on silver film wrinkles modulated by liquid PDMS substrates. RSC Adv 2023; 13:33697-33706. [PMID: 38020005 PMCID: PMC10654890 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06020a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Flexible strain sensors based on controllable surface microstructures in film-substrate systems can be extensively applied in high-tech fields such as human-machine interfaces, electronic skins, and soft robots. However, the rigid functional films are susceptible to structural destruction and interfacial failure under large strains or high loading speeds, limiting the stability and durability of the sensors. Here we report on a facile technique to prepare high-performance flexible strain sensors based on controllable wrinkles by depositing silver films on liquid polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates. The silver atoms can penetrate into the surface of liquid PDMS to form an interlocking layer during deposition, enhancing the interfacial adhesion greatly. After deposition, the liquid PDMS is spontaneously solidified to stabilize the film microstructures. The surface patterns are well modulated by changing film thickness, prepolymer-to-crosslinker ratio of liquid PDMS, and strain value. The flexible strain sensors based on the silver film/liquid PDMS system show high sensitivity (above 4000), wide sensing range (∼80%), quick response speed (∼80 ms), and good stability (above 6000 cycles), and have a broad application prospect in the fields of health monitoring and motion tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Quality Big Data Tracing and Analysis of Zhejiang Province, College of Science, China Jiliang University Hangzhou 310018 P.R. China
| | - Miaogen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Quality Big Data Tracing and Analysis of Zhejiang Province, College of Science, China Jiliang University Hangzhou 310018 P.R. China
| | - Senjiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou 310018 P.R. China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Quality Big Data Tracing and Analysis of Zhejiang Province, College of Science, China Jiliang University Hangzhou 310018 P.R. China
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Ji F, Shang P, Lai Y, Wang J, Zhang G, Lin D, Xu J, Cai D, Qin Z. Fully Physically Crosslinked Conductive Hydrogel with Ultrastretchability, Transparency, and Self-Healing Properties for Strain Sensors. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6491. [PMID: 37834626 PMCID: PMC10573993 DOI: 10.3390/ma16196491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Currently, conductive hydrogels have received great attention as flexible strain sensors. However, the preparation of such sensors with integrated stretchability, transparency, and self-healing properties into one gel through a simple method still remains a huge challenge. Here, a fully physically crosslinked double network hydrogel was developed based on poly(hydroxyethyl acrylamide) (PHEAA) and κ-carrageenan (Car). The driving forces for physical gelation were hydrogen bonds, ion bonding, and electrostatic interactions. The resultant PHEAA-Car hydrogel displayed stretchability (1145%) and optical transparency (92%). Meanwhile, the PHEAA-Car hydrogel exhibited a self-healing property at 25 °C. Additionally, the PHEAA-Car hydrogel-based strain sensor could monitor different joint movements. Based on the above functions, the PHEAA-Car hydrogel can be applied in flexible strain sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ji
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Pengbo Shang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Yingkai Lai
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Jinmei Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Guangcai Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Dengchao Lin
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Jing Xu
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Daniu Cai
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Zhihui Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
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