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Choudhury S, Joshi A, Agrawal A, Nain A, Bagde A, Patel A, Syed ZQ, Asthana S, Chatterjee K. NIR-Responsive Deployable and Self-Fitting 4D-Printed Bone Tissue Scaffold. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:49135-49147. [PMID: 39226455 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c10385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
The treatment of irregular-shaped and critical-sized bone defects poses a clinical challenge. Deployable, self-fitting tissue scaffolds that can be implanted by minimally invasive procedures are a promising solution. Toward this, we fabricated NIR-responsive and programmable polylactide-co-trimethylene carbonate (PLMC) scaffolds nanoengineered with polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA) by extrusion-based three-dimensional (3D) printing. The 3D-printed scaffolds demonstrated excellent (>99%), fast (under 30 s), and tunable shape recovery under NIR irradiation. PLMC-PDA composites demonstrated significantly higher osteogenic potential in vitro as revealed by the significantly enhanced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) secretion and mineral deposition in contrast to neat PLMC. Intraoperative deployability and in vivo bone regeneration ability of PLMC-PDA composites were demonstrated, using self-fitting scaffolds in critical-sized cranial bone defects in rabbits. The 3D-printed scaffolds were deformed into compact shapes that could self-fit into the defect shape intraoperatively under low power intensity (0.76 W cm-2) NIR. At 6 and 12 weeks postsurgical implantation, near-complete bone regeneration was observed in PLMC-PDA composites, unlike neat PLMC through microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) analysis. The potential clinical utility of the 3D-printed composites to secure complex defects was confirmed through self-fitting of the scaffolds into irregular defects in ex vivo models of rabbit tibia, mandible, and tooth models. Taken together, the composite scaffolds fabricated here offer an innovative strategy for minimally invasive deployment to fit irregular and complex tissue defects for bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saswat Choudhury
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, C.V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Akshat Joshi
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, C.V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Akhilesh Agrawal
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, C.V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Amit Nain
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, C.V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Ashutosh Bagde
- Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha 442001, India
| | - Aditya Patel
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha 442001, India
| | - Zahiruddin Quazi Syed
- Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha 442001, India
- Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha 442001, India
| | - Sonal Asthana
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, C.V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012, India
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Multi-Organ Transplantation Surgery, Aster CMI Hospital, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Kaushik Chatterjee
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, C.V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012, India
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, C.V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012, India
- Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha 442001, India
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Nain A, Chakraborty S, Jain N, Choudhury S, Chattopadhyay S, Chatterjee K, Debnath S. 4D hydrogels: fabrication strategies, stimulation mechanisms, and biomedical applications. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:3249-3272. [PMID: 38742277 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm02044d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Shape-morphing hydrogels have emerged as a promising biomaterial due to their ability to mimic the anisotropic tissue composition by creating a gradient in local swelling behavior. In this case, shape deformations occur due to the non-uniform distribution of internal stresses, asymmetrical swelling, and shrinking of different parts of the same hydrogel. Herein, we discuss the four-dimensional (4D) fabrication techniques (extrusion-based printing, dynamic light processing, and solvent casting) employed to prepare shape-shifting hydrogels. The important distinction between mono- and dual-component hydrogel systems, the capabilities of 3D constructs to undergo uni- and bi-directional shape changes, and the advantages of composite hydrogels compared to their pristine counterparts are presented. Subsequently, various types of actuators such as moisture, light, temperature, pH, and magnetic field and their role in achieving the desired and pre-determined shapes are discussed. These 4D gels have shown remarkable potential as programmable scaffolds for tissue regeneration and drug-delivery systems. Finally, we present futuristic insights into integrating piezoelectric biopolymers and sensors to harvest mechanical energy from motions during shape transformations to develop self-powered biodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Nain
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India.
| | - Srishti Chakraborty
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India.
| | - Nipun Jain
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India.
| | - Saswat Choudhury
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Suravi Chattopadhyay
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India.
| | - Kaushik Chatterjee
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India.
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Souvik Debnath
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India.
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