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Kakiuchi Y, Shapovalova S, Protsenko B, Guda S, Safonova OV, Guda A, Copéret C. Influence of strong π-acceptor ligands on Cr-K-edge X-ray absorption spectral signatures and consequences for the interpretation of surface sites in the Phillips catalyst. Catal Sci Technol 2024; 14:3682-3690. [PMID: 38957731 PMCID: PMC11215749 DOI: 10.1039/d3cy01692g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) has been central to the study of the Phillips polymerization catalyst (CrO3/SiO2). As Cr K-edge XAS signatures are sensitive to the oxidation state, geometry and types of ligands on surface (active) sites, the superposition of these effects makes their interpretation challenging. Notably, CO has been particularly used as a reductant to generate low valent Cr sites from CrO3/SiO2 and as a structural IR probe for analysing reduced Cr surface sites. Hence, it is essential to establish a solid understanding of the spectroscopic impact of CO on low-valent Cr sites. We thus built a series of fully characterized low-valent Cr molecular compounds bearing isoelectronic isocyanide ligands in place of CO, with the goal of understanding the effect of the coordination of π-acceptor ligands on the XANES signature of Cr sites. Cr K-edge spectra supplemented with DFT calculations elucidate the effect of the coordination of π-acceptor ligands on XAS signatures, giving a sharp resonance at the white line while modifying the fine structure due to short Cr-C distances and stability of low-spin Cr(ii/iii) species. The isocyanide references allow the deconvolution of the XAS spectra of the reduced CrO3/SiO2 catalyst by evaluating the types of surface species and relative amounts of bound CO at different CO pressures and temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Kakiuchi
- ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Svetlana Shapovalova
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University Rostov-on-Don 344090 Russia
| | - Bogdan Protsenko
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University Rostov-on-Don 344090 Russia
| | - Sergey Guda
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University Rostov-on-Don 344090 Russia
- Institute of Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Science, Southern Federal University Rostov-on-Don 344090 Russia
| | | | - Alexander Guda
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University Rostov-on-Don 344090 Russia
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2
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Zhou W, Felvey N, Guo J, Hoffman AS, Bare SR, Kulkarni AR, Runnebaum RC, Kronawitter CX. Reduction of Cofed Carbon Dioxide Modifies the Local Coordination Environment of Zeolite-Supported, Atomically Dispersed Chromium to Promote Ethane Dehydrogenation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:10060-10072. [PMID: 38551239 PMCID: PMC11009955 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The reduction of CO2 is known to promote increased alkene yields from alkane dehydrogenations when the reactions are cocatalyzed. The mechanism of this promotion is not understood in the context of catalyst active-site environments because CO2 is amphoteric, and even general aspects of the chemistry, including the significance of competing side reactions, differ significantly across catalysts. Atomically dispersed chromium cations stabilized in highly siliceous MFI zeolite are shown here to enable the study of the role of parallel CO2 reduction during ethylene-selective ethane dehydrogenation. Based on infrared spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy data interpreted through calculations using density functional theory (DFT), the synthesized catalyst contains atomically dispersed Cr cations stabilized by silanol nests in micropores. Reactor studies show that cofeeding CO2 increases stable ethylene-selective ethane dehydrogenation rates over a wide range of partial pressures. Operando X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) spectra indicate that during reaction at 650 °C the Cr cations maintain a nominal 2+ charge and a total Cr-O coordination number of approximately 2. However, CO2 reduction induces a change, correlated with the CO2 partial pressure, in the population of two distinct Cr-O scattering paths. This indicates that the promotional effect of parallel CO2 reduction can be attributed to a subtle change in Cr-O bond lengths in the local coordination environment of the active site. These insights are made possible by simultaneously fitting multiple EXAFS spectra recorded in different reaction conditions; this novel procedure is expected to be generally applicable for interpreting operando catalysis EXAFS data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Zhou
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Noah Felvey
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Jiawei Guo
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Adam S. Hoffman
- Stanford
Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC
National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Simon R. Bare
- Stanford
Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC
National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Ambarish R. Kulkarni
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Ron C. Runnebaum
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Department
of Viticulture & Enology, University
of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Coleman X. Kronawitter
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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3
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Groppo E, Rojas-Buzo S, Bordiga S. The Role of In Situ/ Operando IR Spectroscopy in Unraveling Adsorbate-Induced Structural Changes in Heterogeneous Catalysis. Chem Rev 2023; 123:12135-12169. [PMID: 37882638 PMCID: PMC10636737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous catalysts undergo thermal- and/or adsorbate-induced dynamic changes under reaction conditions, which consequently modify their catalytic behavior. Hence, it is increasingly crucial to characterize the properties of a catalyst under reaction conditions through the so-called "operando" approach. Operando IR spectroscopy is probably one of the most ubiquitous and versatile characterization methods in the field of heterogeneous catalysis, but its potential in identifying adsorbate- and thermal-induced phenomena is often overlooked in favor of other less accessible methods, such as XAS spectroscopy and high-resolution microscopy. Without detracting from these techniques, and while aware of the enormous value of a multitechnique approach, the purpose of this Review is to show that IR spectroscopy alone can provide relevant information in this field. This is done by discussing a few selected case studies from our own research experience, which belong to the categories of both "single-site"- and nanoparticle-based catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Groppo
- Department of Chemistry,
NIS Centre and INSTM, University of Torino, via Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Sergio Rojas-Buzo
- Department of Chemistry,
NIS Centre and INSTM, University of Torino, via Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Bordiga
- Department of Chemistry,
NIS Centre and INSTM, University of Torino, via Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
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4
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Synthesis of 2-Methylpyrazine Using Crude Glycerol over Zn-Cr-O Catalyst: A Value Addition Process for the Utilization of Biodiesel By-Product. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mixed oxides of ZnO and Cr2O3 with varied mole ratios were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for the dehydrocyclization of crude glycerol for the production of 2-methylpyrazine (2-MP). The Zn-Cr-O composition was optimized using the bulk and surface properties of the catalysts rationalized by BET-SA, XRD, XPS, H2-TPR, O2 pulse chemisorption, and Raman spectroscopic techniques to achieve a high rate of 2-MP.
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5
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Fu HQ, Liu J, Bedford NM, Wang Y, Sun JW, Zou Y, Dong M, Wright J, Diao H, Liu P, Yang HG, Zhao H. Synergistic Cr 2 O 3 @Ag Heterostructure Enhanced Electrocatalytic CO 2 Reduction to CO. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202854. [PMID: 35686844 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic CO2 RR to produce value-added chemicals and fuels has been recognized as a promising means to reduce the reliance on fossil resources; it is, however, hindered due to the lack of high-performance electrocatalysts. The effectiveness of sculpturing metal/metal oxides (MMO) heterostructures to enhance electrocatalytic performance toward CO2 RR has been well documented, nonetheless, the precise synergistic mechanism of MMO remains elusive. Herein, an in operando electrochemically synthesized Cr2 O3 -Ag heterostructure electrocatalyst (Cr2 O3 @Ag) is reported for efficient electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO. The obtained Cr2 O3 @Ag can readily achieve a superb FECO of 99.6% at -0.8 V (vs RHE) with a high JCO of 19.0 mA cm-2 . These studies also confirm that the operando synthesized Cr2 O3 @Ag possesses high operational stability. Notably, operando Raman spectroscopy studies reveal that the markedly enhanced performance is attributable to the synergistic Cr2 O3 -Ag heterostructure induced stabilization of CO2 •- /*COOH intermediates. DFT calculations unveil that the metallic-Ag-catalyzed CO2 reduction to CO requires a 1.45 eV energy input to proceed, which is 0.93 eV higher than that of the MMO-structured Cr2 O3 @Ag. The exemplified approaches in this work would be adoptable for design and development of high-performance electrocatalysts for other important reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai Qin Fu
- Centre for Catalysis and Clean Energy, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Junxian Liu
- Centre for Catalysis and Clean Energy, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Nicholas M Bedford
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Yun Wang
- Centre for Catalysis and Clean Energy, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Ji Wei Sun
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yu Zou
- Centre for Catalysis and Clean Energy, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Mengyang Dong
- Centre for Catalysis and Clean Energy, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Joshua Wright
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Hui Diao
- The Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Porun Liu
- Centre for Catalysis and Clean Energy, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Hua Gui Yang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Huijun Zhao
- Centre for Catalysis and Clean Energy, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Queensland, 4222, Australia
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6
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Huang C, Liu Z, Liu B, Terano M, Jin Y. Computational Insights into the Multisite Nature of the Phillips CrO x/SiO 2 Catalyst for Ethylene Polymerization: The Perspective of Chromasiloxane Ring Size and F Modification. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cuimin Huang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510630, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Boping Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510630, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minoru Terano
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Yulong Jin
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510630, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510630, People’s Republic of China
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7
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Nazimov D, Klimov O, Saiko A, Dik P, Pakharukova V, Glazneva T, Yu Gerasimov E, Noskov A. Effect of alumina surface chemistry on chromia dispersion and dehydrogenation activity of CrOx/η-Al2O3 catalysts with high Cr content. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Kim J, Shin J, Paek SM, Park DS, Kim SJ. Formation, thermal redox reaction and crystal structure of δ-CaCr2O4. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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9
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Nazimov DA, Klimov OV, Saiko AV, Noskov AS. Effect of Steam–Air Treatment of Alumina–Chromia Dehydrogenation Catalysts on Their Physicochemical and Catalytic Characteristics. RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427221090111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Monai M, Gambino M, Wannakao S, Weckhuysen BM. Propane to olefins tandem catalysis: a selective route towards light olefins production. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:11503-11529. [PMID: 34661210 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00357g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
On-purpose synthetic routes for propylene production have emerged in the last couple of decades in response to the increasing demand for plastics and a shift to shale gas feedstocks for ethylene production. Propane dehydrogenation (PDH), an efficient and selective route to produce propylene, saw booming investments to fill the so-called propylene gap. In the coming years, however, a fluctuating light olefins market will call for flexibility in end-product of PDH plants. This can be achieved by combining PDH with propylene metathesis in a single step, propane to olefins (PTO), which allows production of mixtures of propylene, ethylene and butenes, which are important chemical building blocks for a.o. thermoplastics. The metathesis technology introduced by Phillips in the 1960s and mostly operated in reverse to produce propylene, is thus undergoing a renaissance of scientific and technological interest in the context of the PTO reaction. In this review, we will describe the state-of-the-art of PDH, propylene metathesis and PTO reactions, highlighting the open challenges and opportunities in the field. While the separate PDH and metathesis reactions have been extensively studied in the literature, understanding the whole PTO tandem-catalysis system will require new efforts in theoretical modelling and operando spectroscopy experiments, to gain mechanistic insights into the combined reactions and finally improve catalytic selectivity and stability for on-purpose olefins production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Monai
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Marianna Gambino
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Sippakorn Wannakao
- SCG Chemicals Co., Ltd, 1 Siam-Cement Rd, Bang sue, Bangkok 1080, Thailand
| | - Bert M Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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11
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Trummer D, Searles K, Algasov A, Guda SA, Soldatov AV, Ramanantoanina H, Safonova OV, Guda AA, Copéret C. Deciphering the Phillips Catalyst by Orbital Analysis and Supervised Machine Learning from Cr Pre-edge XANES of Molecular Libraries. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:7326-7341. [PMID: 33974429 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c10791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Unveiling the nature and the distribution of surface sites in heterogeneous catalysts, and for the Phillips catalyst (CrO3/SiO2) in particular, is still a grand challenge despite more than 60 years of research. Commonly used references in Cr K-edge XANES spectral analysis rely on bulk materials (Cr-foil, Cr2O3) or molecules (CrCl3) that significantly differ from actual surface sites. In this work, we built a library of Cr K-edge XANES spectra for a series of tailored molecular Cr complexes, varying in oxidation state, local coordination environment, and ligand strength. Quantitative analysis of the pre-edge region revealed the origin of the pre-edge shape and intensity distribution. In particular, the characteristic pre-edge splitting observed for Cr(III) and Cr(IV) molecular complexes is directly related to the electronic exchange interactions in the frontier orbitals (spin-up and -down transitions). The series of experimental references was extended by theoretical spectra for potential active site structures and used for training the Extra Trees machine learning algorithm. The most informative features of the spectra (descriptors) were selected for the prediction of Cr oxidation states, mean interatomic distances in the first coordination sphere, and type of ligands. This set of descriptors was applied to uncover the site distribution in the Phillips catalyst at three different stages of the process. The freshly calcined catalyst consists of mainly Cr(VI) sites. The CO-exposed catalyst contains mainly Cr(II) silicates with a minor fraction of Cr(III) sites. The Phillips catalyst exposed to ethylene contains mainly highly coordinated Cr(III) silicates along with unreduced Cr(VI) sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Trummer
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Keith Searles
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Algasov
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova 178/24, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, 344090.,Institute of Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Science, Southern Federal University, Milchakova 8a, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, 344090
| | - Sergey A Guda
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova 178/24, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, 344090.,Institute of Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Science, Southern Federal University, Milchakova 8a, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, 344090
| | - Alexander V Soldatov
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova 178/24, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, 344090
| | | | | | - Alexander A Guda
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova 178/24, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, 344090
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Abstract
In the past several decades, light alkane dehydrogenation to mono-olefins, especially propane dehydrogenation to propylene has gained widespread attention and much development in the field of research and commercial application. Under suitable conditions, the supported Pt-Sn and CrOx catalysts widely used in industry exhibit satisfactory dehydrogenation activity and selectivity. However, the high cost of Pt and the potential environmental problems of CrOx have driven researchers to improve the coking and sintering resistance of Pt catalysts, and to find new non-noble metal and environment-friendly catalysts. As for the development of the reactor, it should be noted that low operation pressure is beneficial for improving the single-pass conversion, decreasing the amount of unconverted alkane recycled back to the reactor, and reducing the energy consumption of the whole process. Therefore, the research direction of reactor improvement is towards reducing the pressure drop. This review is aimed at introducing the characteristics of the dehydrogenation reaction, the progress made in the development of catalysts and reactors, and a new understanding of reaction mechanism as well as its guiding role in the development of catalyst and reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China.
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13
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Jongkind MK, Rivera‐Torrente M, Nikolopoulos N, Weckhuysen BM. Influence of Pore Structure and Metal-Node Geometry on the Polymerization of Ethylene over Cr-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks. Chemistry 2021; 27:5769-5781. [PMID: 33512729 PMCID: PMC8049024 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have received increasing interest as solid single-site catalysts, owing to their tunable pore architecture and metal node geometry. The ability to exploit these modulators makes them prominent candidates for producing polyethylene (PE) materials with narrow dispersity index (Ð) values. Here a study is presented in which the ethylene polymerization properties, with Et2 AlCl as activator, of three renowned Cr-based MOFs, MIL-101(Cr)-NDC (NDC=2,6-dicarboxynapthalene), MIL-53(Cr) and HKUST-1(Cr), are systematically investigated. Ethylene polymerization reactions revealed varying catalytic activities, with MIL-101(Cr)-NDC and MIL-53(Cr) being significantly more active than HKUST-1(Cr). Analysis of the PE products revealed large Ð values, demonstrating that polymerization occurs over a multitude of active Cr centers rather than a singular type of Cr site. Spectroscopic experiments, in the form of powder X-ray diffraction (pXRD), UV/Vis-NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and CO probe molecule Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy corroborated these findings, indicating that indeed for each MOF unique active sites are generated, however without alteration of the original oxidation state. Furthermore, the pXRD experiments indicated that one major prerequisite for catalytic activity was the degree of MOF activation by the Et2 AlCl co-catalyst, with the more active materials portraying a larger degree of activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten K. Jongkind
- Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterial ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Miguel Rivera‐Torrente
- Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterial ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Nikolaos Nikolopoulos
- Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterial ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Bert M. Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterial ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
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14
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Nazimov D, Klimov O, Danilova I, Trukhan S, Saiko A, Cherepanova S, Chesalov Y, Martyanov O, Noskov A. Effect of alumina polymorph on the dehydrogenation activity of supported chromia/alumina catalysts. J Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Biswas S, Pal A, Pal T. Supported metal and metal oxide particles with proximity effect for catalysis. RSC Adv 2020; 10:35449-35472. [PMID: 35515660 PMCID: PMC9056907 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06168a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
External influence is essential for any change to occur in this world. Similarly, the reaction path of a chemical reaction can be changed with the addition of a catalyst from outside. Sometimes a catalyst performs better when it remains associated with an inert substance, which is called a support material (SM). Improved catalyst accomplishment arises from the 'proximity effect'. Even inert supports play a role in better product formulation or environmental remediation. In this review, it has been shown how the SM, as a nest, aids the catalyst particle synergistically to perform a good job in a chemical reaction. The structure-function relationship of SM helps in catalyst activation to some extent, and produces active centres that are difficult to fully ascertain. In the text, Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H), Mars-van Krevelen (MVK), and Eley-Rideal (E-R) mechanisms are highlighted for the adsorption processes as the case may be. Again, the importance of SM for both catalyst and substrates has been consolidated here in the text. Finally, the role of the initiator and the promoter is also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhadeep Biswas
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur 721302 India
| | - Anjali Pal
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur 721302 India
| | - Tarasankar Pal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg Auckland Park South Africa
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16
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The Role of CO2 as a Mild Oxidant in Oxidation and Dehydrogenation over Catalysts: A Review. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10091075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is widely used as an enhancer for industrial applications, enabling the economical and energy-efficient synthesis of a wide variety of chemicals and reducing the CO2 levels in the environment. CO2 has been used as an enhancer in a catalytic system which has revived the exploitation of energy-extensive reactions and carry chemical products. CO2 oxidative dehydrogenation is a greener alternative to the classical dehydrogenation method. The availability, cost, safety, and soft oxidizing properties of CO2, with the assistance of appropriate catalysts at an industrial scale, can lead to breakthroughs in the pharmaceutical, polymer, and fuel industries. Thus, in this review, we focus on several applications of CO2 in oxidation and oxidative dehydrogenation systems. These processes and catalytic technologies can reduce the cost of utilizing CO2 in chemical and fuel production, which may lead to commercial applications in the imminent future.
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17
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Jongkind MK, van Kessel T, Velthoen MEZ, Friederichs N, Weckhuysen BM. Tuning the Redox Chemistry of a Cr/SiO 2 Phillips Catalyst for Controlling Activity, Induction Period and Polymer Properties. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:1665-1674. [PMID: 32539171 PMCID: PMC7496818 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The Cr/SiO2 Phillips catalyst has taken a central role in ethylene polymerization ever since its discovery in 1953. This catalyst is unique compared to other ethylene polymerization catalysts, since it is active without the addition of a metal-alkyl co-catalyst. However, metal-alkyls can be added for scavenging poisons, enhancing the catalyst activity, reducing the induction period and altering polymer characteristics. Despite extensive research into the working state of the catalyst, still no consensus has been reached. Here, we show that by varying the type of metal-alkyl co-catalyst and its amount, the Cr redox chemistry can be tailored, resulting in distinct catalyst activities, induction periods, and polymer characteristics. We have used in-situ UV-Vis-NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) for studying the Cr oxidation state during the reduction by tri-ethyl borane (TEB) or tri-ethyl aluminum (TEAl) and during subsequent ethylene polymerization. The results show that TEB primarily acts as a reductant and reduces Cr6+ with subsequent ethylene polymerization resulting in rapid polyethylene formation. TEAl generated two types of Cr2+ sites, inaccessible Cr3+ sites and active Cr4+ sites. Subsequent addition of ethylene also revealed an increased reducibility of residual Cr6+ sites and resulted in rapid polyethylene formation. Our results demonstrate the possibility of controlling the reduction chemistry by adding the proper amount and type of metal-alkyl for obtaining desired catalyst activities and tailored polyethylene characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten K. Jongkind
- Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterial ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584 CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Theo van Kessel
- SABICTechnology and Innovation DepartmentUrmonderbaan 226167RD GeleenThe Netherlands
| | - Marjolein E. Z. Velthoen
- Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterial ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584 CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Nic. Friederichs
- SABICTechnology and Innovation DepartmentUrmonderbaan 226167RD GeleenThe Netherlands
| | - Bert M. Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and CatalysisDebye Institute for Nanomaterial ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584 CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
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Zhang M, Fujimori T, Shiota K, Buekens A, Mukai K, Niwa Y, Li X, Takaoka M. Thermochemical formation of dioxins promoted by chromium chloride: In situ Cr- and Cl-XAFS analysis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 388:122064. [PMID: 31954297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chromium is commonly found in the flue gases and ashes of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration. It has been reported as an active catalyst for the formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/F) during de novo tests, yet its specific mode of action has remained unclear. This study aims to identify the effects of chromium chloride on the formation of PCDD/F and other chloro-aromatics and to elucidate the underlying reaction mechanisms. A series of de novo tests, conducted over a wide range of temperature (from 250 to 550 °C) and for four different oxygen contents (0, 5, 10, 20 %), confirmed the promoting effect of CrCl3 on the PCDD/F formation. In situ X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS) spectroscopy was applied to investigate the behavior of CrCl3 during heating, describing the entire picture of CrCl3-promoted formation pathways of dioxins. The effect of oxygen was studied by measuring XAFS spectra on samples heated at different oxygen concentrations. According to these spectra, chromium compounds play two key roles during dioxins formation: (a) chlorinating carbon, using chlorine derived from conversion of CrCl3 into Cr2O3, and further oxidation to Cr(VI), and (b) facilitating oxidative destruction of the carbon matrix, while reducing Cr(VI) to Cr2O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 6158510, Japan; State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Takashi Fujimori
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 6158510, Japan.
| | - Kenji Shiota
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 6158510, Japan
| | - Alfons Buekens
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Kota Mukai
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 6158510, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Niwa
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, 3050801, Japan
| | - Xiaodong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Masaki Takaoka
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 6158510, Japan
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19
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Martino GA, Piovano A, Barzan C, Rabeah J, Agostini G, Bruekner A, Leone G, Zanchin G, Monoi T, Groppo E. Rationalizing the Effect of Triethylaluminum on the Cr/SiO 2 Phillips Catalysts. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b04726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia A. Martino
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Centre and INSTM, University of Torino, via G. Quarello 15A, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Piovano
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Centre and INSTM, University of Torino, via G. Quarello 15A, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Caterina Barzan
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Centre and INSTM, University of Torino, via G. Quarello 15A, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Jabor Rabeah
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis at the University of Rostock (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 29, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Giovanni Agostini
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis at the University of Rostock (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 29, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Angelika Bruekner
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis at the University of Rostock (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 29, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Leone
- CNR, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC), via A. corti 12, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giorgia Zanchin
- CNR, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC), via A. corti 12, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Takashi Monoi
- R&D Division, Japan Polychem Corporation, 1-1 Marunouchi 1-chome, Chiyoda-ku, 100-8251 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Elena Groppo
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Centre and INSTM, University of Torino, via G. Quarello 15A, 10135 Torino, Italy
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20
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Felvey NW, Meloni MJ, Kronawitter CX, Runnebaum RC. Ethane dehydrogenation over Cr/ZSM-5: characterization of active sites through probe molecule adsorption FTIR. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01022g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dispersed Cr species supported on zeolite ZSM-5 were investigated in the context of catalytic ethane dehydrogenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah W. Felvey
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of California
- Davis
- 95616 USA
| | - Michael J. Meloni
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of California
- Davis
- 95616 USA
| | | | - Ron C. Runnebaum
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of California
- Davis
- 95616 USA
- Department of Viticulture & Enology
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21
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22
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Guda AA, Guda SA, Lomachenko KA, Soldatov MA, Pankin IA, Soldatov AV, Braglia L, Bugaev AL, Martini A, Signorile M, Groppo E, Piovano A, Borfecchia E, Lamberti C. Quantitative structural determination of active sites from in situ and operando XANES spectra: From standard ab initio simulations to chemometric and machine learning approaches. Catal Today 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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23
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Tatar G, Gannon P, Swain N, Mason R, Remington E, Dansereau S. Investigation of surface interactions between volatile chromium species and ceramics. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.6611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Greg Tatar
- Chemical EngineeringMontana State University Bozeman MT USA
| | - Paul Gannon
- Chemical EngineeringMontana State University Bozeman MT USA
| | - Nolan Swain
- Chemical EngineeringMontana State University Bozeman MT USA
| | - Ryan Mason
- Chemical EngineeringMontana State University Bozeman MT USA
| | - Emily Remington
- Mechanical EngineeringMontana State University Bozeman MT USA
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24
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Barzan C, Piovano A, Botavina M, Martino GA, Agostini G, Martra G, Groppo E. Exploring the benefits beyond the pre-reduction in methane of the Cr/SiO2 Phillips catalyst: The molecular structure of the Cr sites and their role in the catalytic performance. J Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2019.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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25
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Groppo E, Martino GA, Piovano A, Barzan C. The Active Sites in the Phillips Catalysts: Origins of a Lively Debate and a Vision for the Future. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b02521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Groppo
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Centre and INSTM, University of Torino, Via Quarello 15/A, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Giorgia Antonina Martino
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Centre and INSTM, University of Torino, Via Quarello 15/A, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Piovano
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Centre and INSTM, University of Torino, Via Quarello 15/A, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Caterina Barzan
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Centre and INSTM, University of Torino, Via Quarello 15/A, 10125 Torino, Italy
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26
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Copéret C, Allouche F, Chan KW, Conley MP, Delley MF, Fedorov A, Moroz IB, Mougel V, Pucino M, Searles K, Yamamoto K, Zhizhko PA. Bridging the Gap between Industrial and Well‐Defined Supported Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:6398-6440. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201702387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Florian Allouche
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Ka Wing Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Matthew P. Conley
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Current address: Department of ChemistryUniversity of California, Riverside 501 Big Springs Road Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Murielle F. Delley
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Alexey Fedorov
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Ilia B. Moroz
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Victor Mougel
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Current address: Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques, UMR CNRS 8229, Collège de FranceUniversité Pierre et Marie Curie 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot 75005 Paris France
| | - Margherita Pucino
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Keith Searles
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Keishi Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Pavel A. Zhizhko
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement CompoundsRussian Academy of Sciences Vavilov street 28 119991 Moscow Russia
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27
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Copéret C, Allouche F, Chan KW, Conley MP, Delley MF, Fedorov A, Moroz IB, Mougel V, Pucino M, Searles K, Yamamoto K, Zhizhko PA. Eine Brücke zwischen industriellen und wohldefinierten Trägerkatalysatoren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201702387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Copéret
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Florian Allouche
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Ka Wing Chan
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Matthew P. Conley
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of California, Riverside 501 Big Springs Road Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Murielle F. Delley
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Alexey Fedorov
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Ilia B. Moroz
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Victor Mougel
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques, UMR CNRS 8229, Collège de FranceUniversité Pierre et Marie Curie 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot 75005 Paris Frankreich
| | - Margherita Pucino
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Keith Searles
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Keishi Yamamoto
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Pavel A. Zhizhko
- Departement Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Schweiz
- A. N. Nesmeyanow-Institut für Elementorganische VerbindungenRussische Akademie der Wissenschaften Vavilov str. 28 119991 Moskau Russland
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28
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29
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Pacchioni G, Freund HJ. Controlling the charge state of supported nanoparticles in catalysis: lessons from model systems. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:8474-8502. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00152a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Model systems are very important to identify the working principles of real catalysts, and to develop concepts that can be used in the design of new catalytic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hans-Joachim Freund
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
- Department of Chemical Physics
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
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30
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Pan Q, Li L, Shaikhutdinov S, Freund HJ. Planar model system of the Phillips (Cr/SiO2) catalyst based on a well-defined thin silicate film. J Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2017.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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31
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Martino GA, Barzan C, Piovano A, Budnyk A, Groppo E. Tracking the reasons for the peculiarity of Cr/Al2O3 catalyst in ethylene polymerization. J Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Pan Q, Li L, Shaikhutdinov S, Fujimori Y, Hollerer M, Sterrer M, Freund HJ. Model systems in heterogeneous catalysis: towards the design and understanding of structure and electronic properties. Faraday Discuss 2018; 208:307-323. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fd00209b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We discuss in this paper two case studies related to nano-particle catalyst systems: one concerns a model system for the Cr/SiO2 Phillips catalyst for ethylene polymerization and the other provides additional information on Au nano-particles supported on ultrathin MgO(100)/Ag(100) films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q. Pan
- Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society
- Department of Chemical Physics
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - L. Li
- Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society
- Department of Chemical Physics
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - S. Shaikhutdinov
- Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society
- Department of Chemical Physics
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Y. Fujimori
- Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society
- Department of Chemical Physics
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - M. Hollerer
- University of Graz
- Institute of Physics
- NAWI Graz
- Universitätsplatz 5
- 8010 Graz
| | - M. Sterrer
- University of Graz
- Institute of Physics
- NAWI Graz
- Universitätsplatz 5
- 8010 Graz
| | - H.-J. Freund
- Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society
- Department of Chemical Physics
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
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33
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Grant JT, Venegas JM, McDermott WP, Hermans I. Aerobic Oxidations of Light Alkanes over Solid Metal Oxide Catalysts. Chem Rev 2017; 118:2769-2815. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph T. Grant
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Juan M. Venegas
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1415 Engineering Dr., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - William P. McDermott
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Ive Hermans
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1415 Engineering Dr., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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34
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Barzan C, Piovano A, Braglia L, Martino GA, Lamberti C, Bordiga S, Groppo E. Ligands Make the Difference! Molecular Insights into CrVI/SiO2 Phillips Catalyst during Ethylene Polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:17064-17073. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b07437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Barzan
- Department
of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Center and INSTM Reference Center, University of Turin, Via G. Quarello 15A, Turin I10135, Italy
| | - Alessandro Piovano
- Department
of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Center and INSTM Reference Center, University of Turin, Via G. Quarello 15A, Turin I10135, Italy
| | - Luca Braglia
- Department
of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Center and INSTM Reference Center, University of Turin, Via G. Quarello 15A, Turin I10135, Italy
- IRC
“Smart Materials”, Southern Federal University, Zorge
Street 5, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Giorgia A. Martino
- Department
of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Center and INSTM Reference Center, University of Turin, Via G. Quarello 15A, Turin I10135, Italy
| | - Carlo Lamberti
- IRC
“Smart Materials”, Southern Federal University, Zorge
Street 5, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
- Department
of Chemistry, CrisDi Interdepartmental Center, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 7, Turin I10125, Italy
| | - Silvia Bordiga
- Department
of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Center and INSTM Reference Center, University of Turin, Via G. Quarello 15A, Turin I10135, Italy
| | - Elena Groppo
- Department
of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Center and INSTM Reference Center, University of Turin, Via G. Quarello 15A, Turin I10135, Italy
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35
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36
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Active sites formation and their transformations during ethylene polymerization by the Phillips CrOx/SiO2 catalyst. J Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2017.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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37
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Fridman VZ, Xing R. Deactivation Studies of the CrOx/Al2O3 Dehydrogenation Catalysts under Cyclic Redox Conditions. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b01638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rong Xing
- Clariant Corporation, Louisville, Kentucky 40209, United States
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38
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Botavina M, Barzan C, Piovano A, Braglia L, Agostini G, Martra G, Groppo E. Insights into Cr/SiO2 catalysts during dehydrogenation of propane: an operando XAS investigation. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy00142h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In situ and operando XAS spectroscopic methods were applied to monitor the variations in the oxidation state and in the local structure of the chromium sites in a 2.0Cr/SiO2-DHS catalyst during propane dehydrogenation under non-oxidative and different oxidative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Botavina
- Department of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre
- University of Turin
- 1-10135 Torino
- Italy
| | - C. Barzan
- Department of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre
- University of Turin
- 1-10135 Torino
- Italy
| | - A. Piovano
- Department of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre
- University of Turin
- 1-10135 Torino
- Italy
| | - L. Braglia
- Department of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre
- University of Turin
- 1-10135 Torino
- Italy
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF)
| | - G. Agostini
- IRC “Smart Materials”
- Southern Federal University
- 344090 Rostov-on-Don
- Russia
| | - G. Martra
- Department of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre
- University of Turin
- 1-10135 Torino
- Italy
- STM-CNR
| | - E. Groppo
- Department of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre
- University of Turin
- 1-10135 Torino
- Italy
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39
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Vankudoth K, Padmasri AH, Sarkari R, Velisoju VK, Gutta N, Sathu NK, Rohita CN, Akula V. The role of Lewis acid–base pair sites in ZnO–ZnCr2O4 catalysts for cyclization via dehydrogenative condensation of crude glycerol and 1,2-propanediamine for the synthesis of 2,6-dimethylpyrazine. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj01819c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
DRIFT spectroscopic data revealed the role of surface Lewis acid sites on the synthesis of 2,6-dimethylpyrazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Vankudoth
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
- India
- Catalysis Laboratory
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
| | - A. Hari Padmasri
- Department of Chemistry
- University College for Women
- Osmania University
- Hyderabad – 500 095
- India
| | - Reema Sarkari
- Catalysis Laboratory
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad
- India
| | - Vijay Kumar Velisoju
- Catalysis Laboratory
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad
- India
| | - Naresh Gutta
- Catalysis Laboratory
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad
- India
| | - Naveen Kumar Sathu
- Catalysis Laboratory
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad
- India
| | - C. N. Rohita
- Catalysis Laboratory
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad
- India
| | - Venugopal Akula
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
- India
- Catalysis Laboratory
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
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40
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Spectroscopic Methods in Catalysis and Their Application in Well-Defined Nanocatalysts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-805090-3.00007-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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41
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Mukherjee D, Park SE, Reddy BM. CO2 as a soft oxidant for oxidative dehydrogenation reaction: An eco benign process for industry. J CO2 UTIL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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42
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Reduction of the Phillips catalyst by various olefins: Stoichiometry, thermochemistry, reaction products and polymerization activity. J Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2016.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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43
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Sarkari R, Krishna V, Sudhakar M, Rao TV, Padmasri AH, Srinivas D, Venugopal A. The effects of thermal treatment of ZnO–ZnCr2O4 catalyst on the particle size and product selectivity in dehydrocyclization of crude glycerol and ethylenediamine. KINETICS AND CATALYSIS 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0023158416050177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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44
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Gierada M, Michorczyk P, Tielens F, Handzlik J. Reduction of chromia–silica catalysts: A molecular picture. J Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2016.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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45
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Pre-reduction of the Phillips CrVI/SiO2 catalyst by cyclohexene: A model for the induction period of ethylene polymerization. J Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2016.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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46
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Chakrabarti A, Gierada M, Handzlik J, Wachs IE. Operando Molecular Spectroscopy During Ethylene Polymerization by Supported CrO x /SiO2 Catalysts: Active Sites, Reaction Intermediates, and Structure-Activity Relationship. Top Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-016-0546-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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47
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Botavina MA, Agafonov YA, Gaidai NA, Groppo E, Cortés Corberán V, Lapidus AL, Martra G. Towards efficient catalysts for the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane in the presence of CO2: Cr/SiO2 systems prepared by direct hydrothermal synthesis. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cy00998g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
CrOx/SiO2 catalysts with high propene/olefin yield, stable towards irreversible deactivation, are proposed for the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane with CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Botavina
- Department of Chemistry and “Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces – NIS” Interdepartmental Centre
- Torino, University of Torino
- Italy
| | - Yu. A. Agafonov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russ. Acad. Sci
- 117991 Moscow
- Russia
| | - N. A. Gaidai
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russ. Acad. Sci
- 117991 Moscow
- Russia
| | - E. Groppo
- Department of Chemistry and “Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces – NIS” Interdepartmental Centre
- Torino, University of Torino
- Italy
| | | | - A. L. Lapidus
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russ. Acad. Sci
- 117991 Moscow
- Russia
| | - G. Martra
- Department of Chemistry and “Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces – NIS” Interdepartmental Centre
- Torino, University of Torino
- Italy
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48
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Hartl M, Gillis RC, Daemen L, Olds DP, Page K, Carlson S, Cheng Y, Hügle T, Iverson EB, Ramirez-Cuesta AJ, Lee Y, Muhrer G. Hydrogen adsorption on two catalysts for the ortho- to parahydrogen conversion: Cr-doped silica and ferric oxide gel. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:17281-93. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp01154c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Interaction of molecular hydrogen with the surface of the ortho–para conversion catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luke Daemen
- Spallation Neutron Source
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Oak Ridge
- USA
| | - Daniel P. Olds
- Spallation Neutron Source
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Oak Ridge
- USA
| | - Katherine Page
- Spallation Neutron Source
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Oak Ridge
- USA
| | | | - Yongqiang Cheng
- Spallation Neutron Source
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Oak Ridge
- USA
| | - Thomas Hügle
- Spallation Neutron Source
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Oak Ridge
- USA
| | - Erik B. Iverson
- Spallation Neutron Source
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Oak Ridge
- USA
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49
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Brown C, Krzystek J, Achey R, Lita A, Fu R, Meulenberg RW, Polinski M, Peek N, Wang Y, van de Burgt LJ, Profeta S, Stiegman AE, Scott SL. Mechanism of Initiation in the Phillips Ethylene Polymerization Catalyst: Redox Processes Leading to the Active Site. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b00927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carole Brown
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - J. Krzystek
- National High
Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Randall Achey
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Adrian Lita
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Riqiang Fu
- National High
Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Robert W. Meulenberg
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469, United States
| | - Matthew Polinski
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Nathan Peek
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Youhong Wang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Lambertus J. van de Burgt
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Salvatore Profeta
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - A. E. Stiegman
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Susannah L. Scott
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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50
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Gao J, Zheng Y, Tang Y, Jehng JM, Grybos R, Handzlik J, Wachs IE, Podkolzin SG. Spectroscopic and Computational Study of Cr Oxide Structures and Their Anchoring Sites on ZSM-5 Zeolites. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
| | - Yiteng Zheng
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
| | - Yadan Tang
- Operando Molecular Spectroscopy & Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Jih-Mirn Jehng
- Operando Molecular Spectroscopy & Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Robert Grybos
- Jerzy
Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków 30-239, Poland
| | - Jaroslaw Handzlik
- Faculty
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Kraków 31-155, Poland
| | - Israel E. Wachs
- Operando Molecular Spectroscopy & Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Simon G. Podkolzin
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
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