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Jwad R, Weissberger D, Hunter L. Strategies for Fine-Tuning the Conformations of Cyclic Peptides. Chem Rev 2020; 120:9743-9789. [PMID: 32786420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic peptides are promising scaffolds for drug development, attributable in part to their increased conformational order compared to linear peptides. However, when optimizing the target-binding or pharmacokinetic properties of cyclic peptides, it is frequently necessary to "fine-tune" their conformations, e.g., by imposing greater rigidity, by subtly altering certain side chain vectors, or by adjusting the global shape of the macrocycle. This review systematically examines the various types of structural modifications that can be made to cyclic peptides in order to achieve such conformational control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Jwad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Daniel Weissberger
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Luke Hunter
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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2
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Slough DP, McHugh SM, Lin YS. Understanding and designing head-to-tail cyclic peptides. Biopolymers 2018; 109:e23113. [PMID: 29528114 PMCID: PMC6135719 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic peptides (CPs) are an exciting class of molecules with a variety of applications. However, design strategies for CP therapeutics, for example, are generally limited by a poor understanding of their sequence-structure relationships. This knowledge gap often leads to a trial-and-error approach for designing CPs for a specific purpose, which is both costly and time-consuming. Herein, we describe the current experimental and computational efforts in understanding and designing head-to-tail CPs along with their respective challenges. In addition, we provide several future directions in the field of computational CP design to improve its accuracy, efficiency and applicability. These advances, combined with experimental techniques, shall ultimately provide a better understanding of these interesting molecules and a reliable working platform to rationally design CPs with desired characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yu-Shan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, 02155, United States
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3
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Engelen M, Lombardi A, Vitale R, Lista L, Maglio O, Pavone V, Nastri F. Branched porphyrins as functional scaffolds for multisite bioconjugation. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2014; 62:383-92. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mireille Engelen
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Naples “Federico II,” Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo; Napoli Italy
| | - Angela Lombardi
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Naples “Federico II,” Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo; Napoli Italy
| | - Rosa Vitale
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Naples “Federico II,” Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo; Napoli Italy
| | - Liliana Lista
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Naples “Federico II,” Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo; Napoli Italy
| | - Ornella Maglio
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Naples “Federico II,” Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo; Napoli Italy
- IBB; CNR; Napoli Italy
| | - Vincenzo Pavone
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Naples “Federico II,” Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo; Napoli Italy
| | - Flavia Nastri
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Naples “Federico II,” Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo; Napoli Italy
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4
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Abstract
A straightforward method for the solid-supported synthesis of cryptand-like bicyclic peptides (1-5) on a backbone amide linker has been described. For the branching, two novel easily available building blocks, viz. N-(4-methoxytrityl)-N-(2-nitrobenzenesulfonyl)-protected N,N-bis(2-aminoethyl)-beta-alanine (6) and N-(9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl) protected iminodiacetic acid monoallyl ester (7), have been employed. The key steps of the synthesis are as follows: (i) stepwise coupling of one amino acid and 6 to the secondary amino group of the linker; (ii) removal of the 2-nitrobenzenesulfonyl group and SPPS by the Fmoc chemistry, using 7 as the penultimate and tert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc) protected glycine as the last amino acid; (iii) removal of the 4-methoxytrityl protection and subsequent SPPS by the Fmoc chemistry; (iv) removal of the allyl and Fmoc groups, followed by cyclization; and (v) removal of the Boc and tert-butyl groups, followed by cyclization. Final cleavage from the support and removal of benzyl-derived protecting groups gives the desired bicyclic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasi Virta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland.
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5
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Altamura M, Canfarini F, Catalioto RM, Guidi A, Pasqui F, Renzetti AR, Triolo A, Maggi CA. Successful bridging from a peptide to a non peptide antagonist at the human tachykinin NK-2 receptor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2002; 12:2945-8. [PMID: 12270180 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(02)00539-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Non peptide products have been found to show nanomolar binding and functional affinities at the human tachykinin NK-2 receptor. The new antagonists do not possess stereogenic centers and their thermal behaviour in solution is featured by a peculiar set of conformational stereoisomers. A macroscopic viewpoint is preferentially adopted to rationalize the obtained results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Altamura
- Menarini Ricerche S.p.A., Via dei Sette Santi 3, Florence, Italy
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6
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Cheng
- Johnson Research Foundation, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6059, USA
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7
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Synthesis of MEN11420, a glycosylated bicyclic peptide, by intramolecular double cyclization using a chloroimidazolinium coupling reagent. Tetrahedron 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)00011-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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8
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Anichini B, Ricci R, Fabbri G, Balacco G, Mauro S, Triolo A, Altamura M, Maggi CA, Quartara L. Solid-phase synthesis of MEN 11270, a new cyclic peptide kinin B2 receptor antagonist. J Pept Sci 2000; 6:612-20. [PMID: 11192241 DOI: 10.1002/1099-1387(200012)6:12<612::aid-psc291>3.0.co;2-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of the cyclic decapeptide MEN 11270 [H-DArg1-Arg2 Pro3-Hyp4-Gly5-Thi6-Dab7-DTic8-Oic9-Arg10 c(7gamma - 10alpha)] was developed. Two three-dimensional orthogonal strategies were applied and compared: Fmoc/Tos/Boc (procedure A) and Fmoc/Pmc/Dde (procedure B). Both resulted in a 23-step strategy comprising the stepwise solid-phase chain assembly of the linear protected peptide, partial deprotection, solution-phase cyclization and final full deprotection. The stepwise assembly of the linear peptide was optimized by double coupling and acylation time prolongation for critical residues (Tic, Dab, Thi, Pro). O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N' tetramethyluronium (HATU) was preferred as coupling reagent for Dab. In the cyclization step, the partial racemization of Arg10 (31% using 1-ethyl-3-(3'-dimethyl-aminopropyl) carbodiimide/1-hydroxybenzotriazole (EDC/HOBt) as activation system) was reduced to 3% with HATU. The final deprotection was performed in the presence of dimethylsulfide (procedure A) and thiocresol (procedure B) as scavengers, to avoid the sulfation of Hyp side chain. The final compound and the main by-products were characterized by mass spectroscopy (MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and racemization test. Procedure B produced operationally simpler and more efficient results than A (28% overall yield versus 4%).
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9
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Suich DJ, Mousa SA, Singh G, Liapakis G, Reisine T, DeGrado WF. Template-constrained cyclic peptide analogues of somatostatin: subtype-selective binding to somatostatin receptors and antiangiogenic activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2000; 8:2229-41. [PMID: 11026536 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(00)00135-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Beta-turns are a common secondary structure motif found in proteins that play a role in protein folding and stability and participate in molecular recognition interactions. Somatostatin, a peptide hormone possessing a variety of therapeutically-interesting biological activities, contains a beta-turn in its bioactive conformation. The beta-turn and biological activities of somatostatin have been succesfully mimicked in cyclic hexapeptide analogues. Two novel, structured, non-peptidic molecules were developed that are capable of holding the bioactive tetrapeptide sequence of somatostatin analogues in a beta-turn conformation, as measured by somatostatin receptor (SSTR) binding. Template-constrained cyclic peptides in which the ends of the -Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Val-tetrapeptide were linked by scaffolds based on either an N,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-diphenylurea or a substituted biphenyl system (DJS631 and DJS811, respectively), bound selectively to mouse SSTR2B and rat and human SSTR5 with affinities as high as 1 nM. DJS811, at a dose of 3 mg/kg/day, was shown in a mouse Matrigel model to inhibit angiogenesis to a level of 79%. The development of structured turn scaffolds allows beta-turn sequences to be contained in the context of a compact structure, with less peptidic nature and potentially greater bioavailability than cyclic hexapeptides. These systems can be used to study the determinants of beta-turn formation, as well as to probe the importance of turn sequences occurring in molecular recognition interactions. The antiangiogenic activity of DJS811 suggests that it may have antitumor activity as well. In addition, because SSTR2 is overexpressed on many types of tumors, DJS631 and DJS811 may be useful in the development of agents for tumor imaging or the radiotherapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Suich
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-6059, USA
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10
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Valenza S, Cordero FM, Brandi A, Guidi A, Altamura M, Giolitti A, Giuntini F, Pasqui F, Renzetti AR, Maggi CA. Regio- and stereoselective cycloadditions of cyclic nitrones to maleic diamide forced in a peptide: synthesis of potent ligands of human NK-2 receptor. J Org Chem 2000; 65:4003-8. [PMID: 10866619 DOI: 10.1021/jo0000022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The regioselectivity and the stereoselectivity induced by relatively small peptidomimetic maleic diamide 1 in cycloaddition reactions with cyclic nitrones 2-5 was studied. The high regio- and stereoselectivity observed, sensibly increased by nonpolar solvents, was the effect of a double-asymmetric induction produced by the nitrone substituent on the pseudopeptidic tether. A new class of potent human tachykinin NK-2 receptor ligands was synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Valenza
- Menarini Ricerche S.p.A., Via dei Sette Santi 3, I-50131 Firenze, Italy
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11
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Lombardi A, D'Auria G, Saviano M, Maglio O, Nastri F, Quartara L, Pedone C, Pavone V. Bicyclic peptides as type I/type II beta-turn scaffolds. Biopolymers 2000; 40:505-18. [PMID: 9062073 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0282(1996)40:5<505::aid-bip8>3.0.co;2-#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We recently reported the rational design, synthetics, and structural characterization of the most potent and selective peptide-based neurokinin A antagonist thus far described: cyclo(Met1-Asp2-Trp3-Phe4-Dap5-Leu6)cyclo(2 beta-5 beta). Its bicyclic structure is characterized by a type I and a type II two beta-turn around Trp3-Phe4 and Leu6-Met1, respectively. In order to understand whether the two different beta-turned structures are determined by the bicyclic structure or by the amino acid type at the corner positions, we have synthesized the pseudo-symmetrical analogue cyclo(Phe1-Asp2-Trp3-Phe4-Dap5-Trp6)cyclo(2 beta-5 beta). The structural characterization in the crystal state and in solution, here reported, gives an experimental evidence that the backbone of the bicyclic structure is a rigid scaffold that can be used to build both a type I and type II beta-turn independently from the amino acid composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lombardi
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi CEINGE--Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy
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12
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Lombardi A, De Simone G, Galdiero S, Nastri F, Di Costanzo L, Makihira K, Yamada T, Pavone V. The crystal structure of Afc-containing peptides. Biopolymers 2000; 53:150-60. [PMID: 10679619 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0282(200002)53:2<150::aid-bip5>3.0.co;2-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A systematic structural analysis of Afc (9-amino-fluorene-9-carboxylic acid) containing peptides is here reported. The crystal structures of four fully protected tripeptides containing the Afc residue in position 2: Z-X(1)-Afc(2)-Y(3)-OMe (peptide a: X = Y = Gly; peptide b: X = Aib, C(alpha, alpha)-dimethylglycine, Y = Gly; peptide c: X = Gly, Y = Aib; peptide d: X = Y = Aib) have been solved by x-ray crystallography. All the results suggest that the Afc residue has a high propensity to assume an extended conformation. In fact, the Afc residue adopts an extended conformation in three peptides examined in this paper (peptides a-c). In contrast, Afc was found in a folded conformation, in the 3(10)-helical region, only in the peptide d, in which it is both preceded and followed by the strong helix promoting Aib.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lombardi
- Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca su Peptidi Bioattivi, CNR, University of Napoli "Federico II" via Mezzocannone 4, I-80134 Napoli, Italy
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13
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De Simone G, Lombardi A, Galdiero S, Nastri F, Di Costanzo L, Gohda S, Sano A, Yamada T, Pavone V. The crystal structure of a Dcp-containing peptide. Biopolymers 2000; 53:182-8. [PMID: 10679622 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0282(200002)53:2<182::aid-bip8>3.0.co;2-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the conformational preferences of a newly synthesized C(alpha,alpha) symmetrically disubstituted glycine, namely alpha,alpha-dicyclopropylglycine (Dcp). We report here the crystal structure of a fully protected dipeptide containing Dcp, namely Z-Dcp(1)-Dcp(2)-OCH(3). Both Dcp residues are in a folded conformation. The overall peptide structural organization corresponds to an alpha-pleated sheet conformation, similar to that observed in linear peptides made up of alternating D- and L-residues and in Z-Aib-Aib-OCH(3) (Aib: alpha,alpha-dimethylglycine). These preliminary data suggest that the Dcp could represent an alternative as molecular tool to stabilize folded conformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G De Simone
- Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca su Peptidi Bioattivi, di Biocristallografia, CNR, University of Napoli "Federico II," via Mezzocannone 4, I-80134 Napoli, Italy
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14
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DeGrado WF, Schneider JP, Hamuro Y. The twists and turns of beta-peptides. THE JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE RESEARCH : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PEPTIDE SOCIETY 1999; 54:206-17. [PMID: 10517158 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-3011.1999.00131.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Recently, it has been discovered that peptides composed of beta-amino acids are capable of adopting novel secondary structures demonstrating that peptides composed of alpha-amino acids are not unique in their ability to fold into well-defined structures. Cyclic as well as acyclic peptides composed of beta-amino acid residues adopt turn, helical, and sheet-like conformations. Here, we discuss the synthesis and conformational preferences of individual, substituted beta-amino acids as well as the structures that peptides composed of these residues, beta-peptides, may adopt.
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Affiliation(s)
- W F DeGrado
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Johnson Research Foundation, School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-6059, USA
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15
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Lombardi A, D'Agostino B, Filippelli A, Pedone C, Matera MG, Falciani M, De Rosa M, Rossi F, Pavone V. Neuronorm is a potent and water soluble neurokinin A receptor antagonist. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1998; 8:1735-40. [PMID: 9873425 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(98)00282-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We report here the synthesis and preliminary pharmacological characterization of a novel water soluble Neurokinin A receptor antagonist named Neuronorm. The synthesis was achieved in high yield by a combination of classical peptide synthesis methodologies, in both solution and solid phase. The pharmacological properties as neurokinin A receptor antagonist were assessed in in vitro experiments on rat vas deferens and guinea pig trachea, and were compared to those of MEN10627.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lombardi
- Centro Interuniveristario di Ricerca su Peptidi Bioattivi, Università di Napoli Federico II, Italy
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16
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Lombardi A, D'Agostino B, Nastri F, D'Andrea LD, Filippelli A, Falciani M, Rossi F, Pavone V. A novel super-potent neurokinin A receptor antagonist containing dehydroalanine. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1998; 8:1153-6. [PMID: 9871726 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(98)00178-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We report here the synthesis and preliminary pharmacological characterization of a novel Neurokinin A receptor antagonist. This molecule contains a dehydroalanine residue. It displays a high conformational rigidity and possesses very high activity. Its pharmacological properties as a neurokinin A receptor antagonist were assessed in in vitro experiments on rat vas deferens and were compared to those of Neuronorm and MEN10627.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lombardi
- Centro Interuniveristario di Ricerca su Peptidi Bioattivi, Università di Napoli Federico II, Italy
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17
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Alagona G, Ghio C, Monti S. Stability of a constrained peptide-based antagonist of neurokinin A, as described by ab initio, semiempirical and empirical calculations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-1280(97)00335-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Pavone V, Lombardi A, Saviano M, Nastri F, Zaccaro L, Maglio O, Pedone C, Omote Y, Yamanaka Y, Yamada T. Conformational behaviour of C(alpha,alpha)-diphenylglycine: folded vs. extended structures in DphiG-containing tripeptides. J Pept Sci 1998; 4:21-32. [PMID: 9523753 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1387(199802)4:1%3c21::aid-psc125%3e3.0.co;2-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structures of three fully protected tripeptides containing the Dphi g residue (C[alpha,alpha]-diphenylglycine) in the central position are reported, namely Z-Gly-Dphi g-Gly-OMe (a), Z-Gly-Dphi g-Aib-OMe (b) and Z-Aib-Dphi g-Aib-OMe (c). The molecular conformations are quite unusual because the Dphi g residue adopts a folded conformation in the 3(10)-helical region when the following residue adopts a folded conformation of opposite handedness (peptides b and c). In contrast, the Dphi g residue adopts the more frequently observed fully extended conformation when the following residue adopts a semi-extended conformation (peptide a). These findings are in agreement with the theoretical calculations on Ac-Dphi g-Aib-NHCH3 and Ac-Aib-Dphi g-NHCH3 also reported in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pavone
- Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Università di Napoli Federico II, Italy
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19
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Pavone V, Lombardi A, Saviano M, Nastri F, Zaccaro L, Maglio O, Pedone C, Omote Y, Yamanaka Y, Yamada T. Conformational behaviour of Cα,α-diphenylglycine: foldedvs. extended structures in DφG-containing tripeptides. J Pept Sci 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1387(199802)4:1<21::aid-psc125>3.0.co;2-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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20
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Catalioto RM, Criscuoli M, Cucchi P, Giachetti A, Gianotti D, Giuliani S, Lecci A, Lippi A, Patacchini R, Quartara L, Renzetti AR, Tramontana M, Arcamone F, Maggi CA. MEN 11420 (Nepadutant), a novel glycosylated bicyclic peptide tachykinin NK2 receptor antagonist. Br J Pharmacol 1998; 123:81-91. [PMID: 9484857 PMCID: PMC1565144 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0701587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
1. The pharmacological profile was studied of MEN 11420, or cyclo[[Asn(beta-D-GlcNAc)-Asp-Trp-Phe-Dap-Leu]cyclo(2beta-5beta )], a glycosylated derivative of the potent, selective, conformationally-constrained tachykinin NK2 receptor antagonist MEN 10627 (cyclo(Met-Asp-Trp-Phe-Dap-Leu)cyclo(2beta-5beta)). 2. MEN 11420 competitively bound with high affinity to the human NK2 receptor stably transfected in CHO cells, displacing radiolabelled [125I]-neurokinin A and [3H]-SR 48968 with Ki values of 2.5+/-0.7 nM (n = 6) and 2.6+/-0.4 nM (n = 3), respectively. 3. MEN 11420 showed negligible binding affinity (pIC50 < 6) at 50 different receptors (including tachykinin NK1 and NK3 receptors) and ion channels. 4. In the rabbit isolated pulmonary artery and rat urinary bladder MEN 11420 potently and competitively antagonized tachykinin NK2 receptor-mediated contractions (pK(B) = 8.6+/-0.07, n = 10, and 9.0+/-0.04, n = 12; Schild plot slope = -1.06 (95% c.l. = -1.3; -0.8) and -1.17 (95% c.l. = -1.3; -1.0), respectively). MEN 11420 produced an insurmountable antagonism at NK2 receptors in the hamster trachea and mouse urinary bladder. However, in both preparations, the effect of MEN 11420 was reverted by washout and an apparent pK(B) of 10.2+/-0.14, n = 9, and 9.8+/-0.15, n = 9, was calculated in the hamster trachea and mouse urinary bladder, respectively. 5. MEN 11420 showed low affinity (pK(B) < 6) at guinea-pig and rat tachykinin NK1 (guinea-pig ileum and rat urinary bladder) and NK3 (guinea-pig ileum and rat portal vein) receptors. On the whole, the affinities (potency and selectivity) showed by MEN 11420 for different tachykinin receptors, measured either in binding or in functional bioassays, were similar to those shown by the parent compound, MEN 10627. 6. The in vivo antagonism of the contractions produced by [betaAla8]neurokinin A(4-10) (1 nmol kg(-1)) was observed after intravenous (dose range: 1-10 nmol kg(-1)), intranasal (3-10 nmol kg(-1)), intrarectal (30-100 nmol kg(-1)) and intraduodenal (100-300 nmol kg(-1)) administration of MEN 11420. MEN 11420 was more potent (about 10 fold) and longer lasting than its parent compound MEN 10627, possibly due to a greater metabolic stability. 7. A dose of MEN 11420 (100 nmol kg(-1), i.v.), that produced potent and long lasting inhibition of the contraction of the rat urinary bladder induced by challenge with the NK2 selective receptor agonist [betaAla8]neurokinin A(4-10) (10-300 nmol kg(-1)), was without effect on the responses produced by the NK1 receptor selective agonist [Sar9]substance P sulphone (1-10 nmol kg(-1)). 8. These findings indicate that MEN 11420 is a potent and selective tachykinin NK2 receptor antagonist. The introduction of a sugar moiety did not produce major changes in the affinity profile of this antagonist as compared to MEN 10627, but markedly improved its in vivo potency and duration of action. With these characteristics, MEN 11420 is a suitable candidate for studying the pathophysiological significance of tachykinin NK2 receptors in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Catalioto
- Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche S.p.A, Firenze, Italy
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Caciagli V, Cardinali F, Hänsicke A, Tuchalski G, Lombardi P. Large-scale production of peptides using the solid-phase continuous flow method. Preparative synthesis of the novel tachykinin antagonist MEN 10627. J Pept Sci 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1387(199705)3:3<224::aid-psc104>3.0.co;2-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Caciagli V, Cardinali F, Hänsicke A, Tuchalski G, Lombardi P. Large-scale production of peptides using the solid-phase continuous flow method. Preparative synthesis of the novel tachykinin antagonist MEN 10627. J Pept Sci 1997; 3:224-30. [PMID: 9230487 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1387(199705)3:3%3c224::aid-psc104%3e3.0.co;2-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The large-scale solid-phase continuous flow synthesis of the bicyclic peptide MEN 10627, a new potent Neurokinin A receptor antagonist, is described using the Fmoc-polyamide method on both macrosorb 125 and Macrosorb 250 resin. A new synthesizer designed in-house was realized by assembling Whitey valves and Waters pump in order to allow small-scale (0.0001 mol; 1 x 10 cm Omnifit columns) synthetic studies which were strongly predictive of the conditions required for large-scale (0.01-0.10 mol; 3.6 or 5.9 x 46 cm Büchi columns) production, performed on the same apparatus.
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Horwell DC, Naylor D, Willems HM. 2,3-Substituted 2-azanorbornanes as polar β-turn mimetics. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(96)00570-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Quartara L, Pavone V, Pedone C, Lombardi A, Renzetti AR, Maggi CA. A review of the design, synthesis and biological activity of the bicyclic hexapeptide tachykinin NK2 antagonist MEN 10627. REGULATORY PEPTIDES 1996; 65:55-9. [PMID: 8876036 DOI: 10.1016/0167-0115(96)00072-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We review the reported data on the design, the conformational features and the pharmacological properties of the bicyclic peptide tachykinin NK2 receptor antagonist MEN 10,627 or cyclo(Met-Asp-Trp-Phe-Dap-Leu)cyclo(2 beta-5 beta). MEN 10,627 possesses a highly constrained structure characterized by two consecutive beta-turns, as confirmed by the almost coincident results of NMR and X-ray analyses. The compound has been efficiently synthesized by solid-phase methodology using either Boc or Fmoc strategies. It is quite stable to metabolic degradation and is endowed with high affinity and selectivity for NK2 receptor expressed in various species. At the hamster NK2 receptor MEN 10,627 is about 30-fold more potent than the nonpeptide NK2 receptor antagonist, SR 48,968, while the converse is true for the rabbit NK2 receptor. MEN 10,627 and SR 48,968 show comparable affinities for the human NK2 receptor. MEN 10,627 produces a long lasting inhibition of the response to the selective NK2 receptor agonist [beta Ala8]NKA(4-10) in the rat urinary bladder in vivo after intravenous, intranasal and intraduodenal administration. Therefore different administration routes are possible for this compound that overcomes the usual drawbacks for the application of peptides as drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Quartara
- Chemistry Research Department, A. Menarini Industrie Farmaceutiche Riunite, Firenze, Italy
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