1
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Camlin NJ, Venkatachalam I, Evans JP. Oscillations in PP1 activity are essential for accurate progression through mammalian oocyte meiosis. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:1614-1636. [PMID: 37340734 PMCID: PMC10361142 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2225924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tightly controlled fluctuations in kinase and phosphatase activity play important roles in regulating M-phase transitions. Protein Phosphatase 1 (PP1) is one of these phosphatases, with oscillations in PP1 activity driving mitotic M-phase. Evidence from a variety of experimental systems also points to roles in meiosis. Here, we report that PP1 is important for M-phase transitions through mouse oocyte meiosis. We employed a unique small-molecule approach to inhibit or activate PP1 at distinct phases of mouse oocyte meiosis. These studies show that temporal control of PP1 activity is essential for the G2/M transition, metaphase I/anaphase I transition, and the formation of a normal metaphase II oocyte. Our data also reveal that inappropriate activation of PP1 is more deleterious at the G2/M transition than at prometaphase I-to-metaphase I, and that an active pool of PP1 during prometaphase is vital for metaphase I/anaphase I transition and metaphase II chromosome alignment. Taken together, these results establish that loss of oscillations in PP1 activity causes a range of severe meiotic defects, pointing to essential roles for PP1 in female fertility, and more broadly, M-phase regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J. Camlin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, INUnited States
| | - Ilakkiya Venkatachalam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, INUnited States
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MIUnited States
| | - Janice P. Evans
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, INUnited States
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2
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Shah K, Cook M. LIMK2: A Multifaceted kinase with pleiotropic roles in human physiology and pathologies. Cancer Lett 2023; 565:216207. [PMID: 37141984 PMCID: PMC10316521 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
LIMK2, a serine-specific kinase, was discovered as an actin dynamics regulating kinase. Emerging studies have shown its pivotal role in numerous human malignancies and neurodevelopmental disorder. Inducible knockdown of LIMK2 fully reverses tumorigenesis, underscoring its potential as a clinical target. However, the molecular mechanisms leading to its upregulation and its deregulated activity in various diseases largely remain unknown. Similarly, LIMK2's peptide substrate specificity has not been analyzed. This is particularly important for LIMK2, a kinase almost three decades old, as only a handful of its substrates are known to date. As a result, most of LIMK2's physiological and pathological roles have been assigned to its regulation of actin dynamics via cofilin. This review focuses on LIMK2's unique catalytic mechanism, substrate specificity and its upstream regulators at transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational stages. Moreover, emerging studies have unveiled a few tumor suppressors and oncogenes as LIMK2's direct substrates, which in turn have uncovered novel molecular mechanisms by which it plays pleiotropic roles in human physiology and pathologies independent of actin dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Shah
- Department of Chemistry and Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Mason Cook
- Department of Chemistry and Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
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3
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Villalonga E, Mosrin C, Normand T, Girardin C, Serrano A, Žunar B, Doudeau M, Godin F, Bénédetti H, Vallée B. LIM Kinases, LIMK1 and LIMK2, Are Crucial Node Actors of the Cell Fate: Molecular to Pathological Features. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050805. [PMID: 36899941 PMCID: PMC10000741 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
LIM kinase 1 (LIMK1) and LIM kinase 2 (LIMK2) are serine/threonine and tyrosine kinases and the only two members of the LIM kinase family. They play a crucial role in the regulation of cytoskeleton dynamics by controlling actin filaments and microtubule turnover, especially through the phosphorylation of cofilin, an actin depolymerising factor. Thus, they are involved in many biological processes, such as cell cycle, cell migration, and neuronal differentiation. Consequently, they are also part of numerous pathological mechanisms, especially in cancer, where their involvement has been reported for a few years and has led to the development of a wide range of inhibitors. LIMK1 and LIMK2 are known to be part of the Rho family GTPase signal transduction pathways, but many more partners have been discovered over the decades, and both LIMKs are suspected to be part of an extended and various range of regulation pathways. In this review, we propose to consider the different molecular mechanisms involving LIM kinases and their associated signalling pathways, and to offer a better understanding of their variety of actions within the physiology and physiopathology of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Villalonga
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire; UPR4301, CNRS, University of Orleans and INSERM, CEDEX 2, 45071 Orleans, France
| | - Christine Mosrin
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire; UPR4301, CNRS, University of Orleans and INSERM, CEDEX 2, 45071 Orleans, France
| | - Thierry Normand
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire; UPR4301, CNRS, University of Orleans and INSERM, CEDEX 2, 45071 Orleans, France
| | - Caroline Girardin
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire; UPR4301, CNRS, University of Orleans and INSERM, CEDEX 2, 45071 Orleans, France
| | - Amandine Serrano
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire; UPR4301, CNRS, University of Orleans and INSERM, CEDEX 2, 45071 Orleans, France
| | - Bojan Žunar
- Laboratory for Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Michel Doudeau
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire; UPR4301, CNRS, University of Orleans and INSERM, CEDEX 2, 45071 Orleans, France
| | - Fabienne Godin
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire; UPR4301, CNRS, University of Orleans and INSERM, CEDEX 2, 45071 Orleans, France
| | - Hélène Bénédetti
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire; UPR4301, CNRS, University of Orleans and INSERM, CEDEX 2, 45071 Orleans, France
| | - Béatrice Vallée
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire; UPR4301, CNRS, University of Orleans and INSERM, CEDEX 2, 45071 Orleans, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)2-38-25-76-11
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4
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Chen J, Zeng H, Lv W, Sun N, Wang C, Xu W, Hu M, Gan X, He L, He S, Fang C. Pseudo-chromosome-length genome assembly for a deep-sea eel Ilyophis brunneus sheds light on the deep-sea adaptation. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023:10.1007/s11427-022-2251-8. [PMID: 36648612 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2251-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
High hydrostatic pressure, low temperature, and scarce food supply are the major factors that limit the survival of vertebrates in extreme deep-sea environments. Here, we constructed a high-quality genome of the deep-sea Muddy arrowtooth eel (MAE, Ilyophis brunneus, captured below a depth of 3,500 m) by using Illumina, PacBio, and Hi-C sequencing. We compare it against those of shallow-water eel and other outgroups to explore the genetic basis that underlies the adaptive evolution to deep-sea biomes. The MAE genome was estimated to be 1.47 Gb and assembled into 14 pseudo-chromosomes. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that MAE diverged from its closely related shallow-sea species, European eel, ∼111.9 Mya and experienced a rapid evolution. The genome evolutionary analyses primarily revealed the following: (i) under high hydrostatic pressure, the positively selected gene TUBGCP3 and the expanded family MLC1 may improve the cytoskeleton stability; ACOX1 may enhance the fluidity of cell membrane and maintain transport activity; the expansion of ABCC12 gene family may enhance the integrity of DNA; (ii) positively selected HARS likely maintain the transcription ability at low temperatures; and (iii) energy metabolism under a food-limited environment may be increased by expanded and positively selected genes in AMPK and mTOR signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, 572000, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Honghui Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Wenqi Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ning Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenjie Xu
- School for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Mingliang Hu
- School for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Xiaoni Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lisheng He
- Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, 572000, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Shunping He
- Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, 572000, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Chengchi Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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5
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Chatterjee D, Preuss F, Dederer V, Knapp S, Mathea S. Structural Aspects of LIMK Regulation and Pharmacology. Cells 2022; 11:cells11010142. [PMID: 35011704 PMCID: PMC8750758 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Malfunction of the actin cytoskeleton is linked to numerous human diseases including neurological disorders and cancer. LIMK1 (LIM domain kinase 1) and its paralogue LIMK2 are two closely related kinases that control actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Consequently, they are potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of such diseases. In the present review, we describe the LIMK conformational space and its dependence on ligand binding. Furthermore, we explain the unique catalytic mechanism of the kinase, shedding light on substrate recognition and how LIMK activity is regulated. The structural features are evaluated for implications on the drug discovery process. Finally, potential future directions for targeting LIMKs pharmacologically, also beyond just inhibiting the kinase domain, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deep Chatterjee
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Str 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (D.C.); (F.P.); (V.D.); (S.K.)
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Franziska Preuss
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Str 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (D.C.); (F.P.); (V.D.); (S.K.)
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Verena Dederer
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Str 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (D.C.); (F.P.); (V.D.); (S.K.)
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Str 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (D.C.); (F.P.); (V.D.); (S.K.)
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sebastian Mathea
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Str 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (D.C.); (F.P.); (V.D.); (S.K.)
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Correspondence:
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6
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LIM Kinases in Osteosarcoma Development. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123542. [PMID: 34944050 PMCID: PMC8699892 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is a long-term and multistage process that often leads to the formation of metastases. During this pathological course, two major events appear to be crucial: primary tumour growth and metastatic expansion. In this context, despite research and clinical advances during the past decades, bone cancers remain a leading cause of death worldwide among paediatric cancer patients. Osteosarcomas are the most common malignant bone tumours in children and adolescents. Notwithstanding advances in therapeutic treatments, many patients succumb to these diseases. In particular, less than 30% of patients who demonstrate metastases at diagnosis or are poor responders to chemotherapy survive 5 years after initial diagnosis. LIM kinases (LIMKs), comprising LIMK1 and LIMK2, are common downstream effectors of several signalization pathways, and function as a signalling node that controls cytoskeleton dynamics through the phosphorylation of the cofilin family proteins. In recent decades, several reports have indicated that the functions of LIMKs are mainly implicated in the regulation of actin microfilament and the control of microtubule dynamics. Previous studies have thus identified LIMKs as cancer-promoting regulators in multiple organ cancers, such as breast cancer or prostate cancer. This review updates the current understanding of LIMK involvement in osteosarcoma progression.
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7
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Involvement of LIMK2 in actin cytoskeleton remodeling during the definitive endoderm differentiation. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2021; 57:493-500. [PMID: 33977398 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-021-00582-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
LIM kinases are involved in various cellular events such as migration, cycle, and differentiation, but whether they have a role in the specification of mammalian early endoderm remains unclear. In the present study, we found that depletion of LIMK2 severely inhibited the generation of definitive endoderm (DE) from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and promoted an early neuroectodermal fate. Upon the silencing of LIMK2 during the endodermal differentiation, the assembly of actin stress fibers was disturbed, and the phosphorylation of cofilin was decreased. In addition, knockdown of LIMK2 during DE differentiation also interfered the upregulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes and cell migration. Collectively, the results highlight that the serine/threonine kinase LIMK2, acting as a key regulator in actin remodeling, plays a critical role in endodermal lineage determination.
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8
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Mao R, Deng R, Wei Y, Han L, Meng Y, Xie W, Jia Z. LIMK1 and LIMK2 regulate cortical development through affecting neural progenitor cell proliferation and migration. Mol Brain 2019; 12:67. [PMID: 31319858 PMCID: PMC6637558 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-019-0487-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
LIMK1 and LIMK2 are key downstream targets to mediate the effects of the Rho family small GTPases and p21-activated kinases (PAK) in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. LIMKs are also critical for synaptic transmission, plasticity and memory formation. Changes in LIMK signaling are associated with several neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases, including autism, intellectual disability and Alzheimer's disease. However, the role of LIMK signaling in brain development remains unknown. In this study, we used LIMK1 KO and LIMK2 KO mice to investigate the role of LIMK signaling in the cerebral cortical development. We found that these KO mice are reduced in the number of pyramidal neurons in upper cortical layers and this reduction is accompanied by a smaller pool of neural progenitor cells and impaired neuronal migration. These results are similar to those found in PAK1 KO mice and suggest that LIMK-dependent actin regulation may play a key role in mediating the effects of PAK1 and Rho signaling in the regulation of cortical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Mao
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Rui Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yan Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Lifang Han
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yanghong Meng
- Neurosciences & Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Wei Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Zhengping Jia
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, China. .,Neurosciences & Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada. .,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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9
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Tastet J, Cuberos H, Vallée B, Toutain A, Raynaud M, Marouillat S, Thépault RA, Laumonnier F, Bonnet-Brilhault F, Vourc'h P, Andres CR, Bénédetti H. LIMK2-1 is a Hominidae-Specific Isoform of LIMK2 Expressed in Central Nervous System and Associated with Intellectual Disability. Neuroscience 2018; 399:199-210. [PMID: 30594563 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
LIMK2 is involved in neuronal functions by regulating actin dynamics. Different isoforms of LIMK2 are described in databanks. LIMK2a and LIMK2b are the most characterized. A few pieces of evidence suggest that LIMK2 isoforms might not have overlapping functions. In this study, we focused our attention on a less studied human LIMK2 isoform, LIMK2-1. Compared to the other LIMK2 isoforms, LIMK2-1 contains a supplementary C-terminal phosphatase 1 inhibitory domain (PP1i). We found out that this isoform was hominidae-specific and showed that it was expressed in human fetal brain and faintly in adult brain. Its coding sequence was sequenced in 173 patients with sporadic non-syndromic intellectual disability (ID), and we observed an association of a rare missense variant in the PP1i domain (rs151191437, p.S668P) with ID. Our results also suggest an implication of LIMK2-1 in neurite outgrowth and neurons arborization which appears to be affected by the p.S668P variation. Therefore our results suggest that LIMK2-1 plays a role in the developing brain, and that a rare variation of this isoform is a susceptibility factor in ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Tastet
- UMR INSERM U1253, Université François Rabelais, Tours, France; CNRS UPR 4301, CBM, Orléans, France; Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Hélène Cuberos
- UMR INSERM U1253, Université François Rabelais, Tours, France; CNRS UPR 4301, CBM, Orléans, France
| | | | - Annick Toutain
- UMR INSERM U1253, Université François Rabelais, Tours, France; CHRU de Tours, Service de Génétique, Tours, France
| | - Martine Raynaud
- UMR INSERM U1253, Université François Rabelais, Tours, France; CHRU de Tours, Service de Génétique, Tours, France
| | | | | | | | - Frédérique Bonnet-Brilhault
- UMR INSERM U1253, Université François Rabelais, Tours, France; CHRU de Tours, Service de Pédopsychiatrie, Tours, France
| | - Patrick Vourc'h
- UMR INSERM U1253, Université François Rabelais, Tours, France; CHRU de Tours, Service de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, Tours, France
| | - Christian R Andres
- UMR INSERM U1253, Université François Rabelais, Tours, France; CHRU de Tours, Service de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, Tours, France
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