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Margaritelis NV, Cobley JN, Nastos GG, Papanikolaou K, Bailey SJ, Kritsiligkou P, Nikolaidis MG. Evidence-based sports supplements: A redox analysis. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 224:62-77. [PMID: 39147071 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Despite the overwhelming number of sports supplements on the market, only seven are currently recognized as effective. Biological functions are largely regulated through redox reactions, yet no comprehensive analysis of the redox properties of these supplements has been compiled. Here, we analyze the redox characteristics of these seven supplements: bicarbonates, beta-alanine, caffeine, creatine, nitrates, carbohydrates, and proteins. Our findings suggest that all sports supplements exhibit some degree of redox activity. However, the precise physiological implications of these redox properties remain unclear. Future research, employing unconventional perspectives and methodologies, will reveal new redox pixels of the exercise physiology and sports nutrition picture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikos V Margaritelis
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece.
| | - James N Cobley
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - George G Nastos
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | | | - Stephen J Bailey
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Paraskevi Kritsiligkou
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Michalis G Nikolaidis
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
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2
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Frachini ECG, Selva JSG, Falcoswki PC, Silva JB, Cornejo DR, Bertotti M, Ulrich H, Petri DFS. Caffeine Release from Magneto-Responsive Hydrogels Controlled by External Magnetic Field and Calcium Ions and Its Effect on the Viability of Neuronal Cells. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071757. [PMID: 37050372 PMCID: PMC10097041 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Caffeine (CAF) is a psychostimulant present in many beverages and with rapid bioabsorption. For this reason, matrices that effectuate the sustained release of a low amount of CAF would help reduce the intake frequency and side effects caused by high doses of this stimulant. Thus, in this study, CAF was loaded into magnetic gelatin/alginate (Gel/Alg/MNP) hydrogels at 18.5 mg/ghydrogel. The in vitro release of CAF was evaluated in the absence and presence of an external magnetic field (EMF) and Ca2+. In all cases, the presence of Ca2+ (0.002 M) retarded the release of CAF due to favorable interactions between them. Remarkably, the release of CAF from Gel/Alg/MNP in PBS/CaCl2 (0.002 M) at 37 °C under an EMF was more sustained due to synergic effects. In PBS/CaCl2 (0.002 M) and at 37 °C, the amounts of CAF released after 45 min from Gel/Alg and Gel/Alg/MNP/EMF were 8.3 ± 0.2 mg/ghydrogel and 6.1 ± 0.8 mg/ghydrogel, respectively. The concentration of CAF released from Gel/Alg and Gel/Alg/MNP hydrogels amounted to ~0.35 mM, thereby promoting an increase in cell viability for 48 h. Gel/Alg and Gel/Alg/MNP hydrogels can be applied as reservoirs to release CAF at suitable concentrations, thus forestalling possible side effects and improving the viability of SH-SY5Y cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilli C. G. Frachini
- Departament of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Jéssica S. G. Selva
- Departament of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Paula C. Falcoswki
- Departament of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Jean B. Silva
- Departament of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Daniel R. Cornejo
- Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Mauro Bertotti
- Departament of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Departament of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Denise F. S. Petri
- Departament of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
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3
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Sánchez-Vázquez VH, Martínez-Martínez E, Gallegos-Gómez ML, Arias JM, Pallafacchina G, Rizzuto R, Guerrero-Hernández A. Heterogeneity of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ store determines colocalization with mitochondria. Cell Calcium 2023; 109:102688. [PMID: 36538845 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Contact sites between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria play a pivotal role in cell signaling, and the interaction between these organelles is dynamic and finely regulated. We have studied the role of ER Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]ER) in modulating this association in HeLa and HEK293 cells and human fibroblasts. According to Manders' coefficient, ER-mitochondria colocalization varied depending on the ER marker; it was the highest with ER-Tracker and the lowest with ER Ca2+ indicators (Mag-Fluo-4, erGAP3, and G-CEPIA1er) in both HeLa cells and human fibroblasts. Only GEM-CEPIA1er displayed a high colocalization with elongated mitochondria in HeLa cells, this ER Ca2+ indicator reveals low Ca2+ regions because this ion quenches its fluorescence. On the contrary, the typical rounded and fragmented mitochondria of HEK293 cells colocalized with Mag-Fluo-4 and, to a lesser extent, with GEM-CEPIA1er. The ablation of the three IP3R isoforms in HEK293 cells increased mitochondria-GEM-CEPIA1er colocalization. This pattern of colocalization was inversely correlated with the rate of ER Ca2+ leak evoked by thapsigargin (Tg). Moreover, Tg and Histamine in the absence of external Ca2+ increased mitochondria-ER colocalization. On the contrary, in the presence of external Ca2+, both Bafilomycin A1 and Tg reduced the mitochondria-ER interaction. Notably, knocking down MCU decreased mitochondria-ER colocalization. Overall, our data suggest that the [Ca2+] is not homogenous within the ER lumen and that mitochondria-ER interaction is modulated by the ER Ca2+ leak and the [Ca2+]i.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Juan M Arias
- Programa de Neurociencias-UIICSE, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM; Tlalnepantla de Baz, Estado de México, 54090, Mexico
| | - Giorgia Pallafacchina
- CNR, Neuroscience Institute, Padua, 35131. Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, 35131. Italy
| | - Rosario Rizzuto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, 35131. Italy
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Shkryl VM. The spatio-temporal properties of calcium transients in hippocampal pyramidal neurons in vitro. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:1054950. [PMID: 36589284 PMCID: PMC9795003 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.1054950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The spatio-temporal properties of calcium signals were studied in cultured pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus using two-dimensional fluorescence microscopy and ratiometric dye Fura-2. Depolarization-induced Ca2+ transients revealed an asynchronous delayed increase in free Ca2+ concentration. We found that the level of free resting calcium in the cell nucleus is significantly lower compared to the soma, sub-membrane, and dendritic tree regions. Calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum under the action of several stimuli (field stimulation, high K+ levels, and caffeine) occurs in all areas studied. Under depolarization, calcium signals developed faster in the dendrites than in other areas, while their amplitude was significantly lower since larger and slower responses inside the soma. The peak value of the calcium response to the application of 10 mM caffeine, ryanodine receptors (RyRs) agonist, does not differ in the sub-membrane zone, central region, and nucleus but significantly decreases in the dendrites. In the presence of caffeine, the delay of Ca2+ signals between various areas under depolarization significantly declined. Thirty percentage of the peak amplitude of Ca2+ transients at prolonged electric field stimulation corresponded to calcium release from the ER store by RyRs, while short-term stimulation did not depend on them. 20 μM dantrolene, RyRs inhibitor, significantly reduces Ca2+ transient under high K+ levels depolarization of the neuron. RyRs-mediated enhancement of the Ca2+ signal is more pronounced in the central part and nucleus compared to the sub-membrane or dendrites regions of the neuron. In summary, using the ratiometric imaging allowed us to obtain additional information about the involvement of RyRs in the intracellular dynamics of Ca2+ signals induced by depolarization or electrical stimulation train, with an underlying change in Ca2+ concentration in various regions of interest in hippocampal pyramidal neurons.
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Ozan M, Buzdagli Y, Eyipinar CD, Baygutalp NK, Yüce N, Oget F, Kan E, Baygutalp F. Does Single or Combined Caffeine and Taurine Supplementation Improve Athletic and Cognitive Performance without Affecting Fatigue Level in Elite Boxers? A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204399. [PMID: 36297081 PMCID: PMC9610400 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In previous studies, the effect of single or combined intake of caffeine (CAF) and taurine (TAU) on exercise performance was investigated. However, the potential synergistic effect on physical and cognitive performance after fatigue induced by anaerobic exercise is unknown. The effects of single and combination CAF and TAU supplementation on the Wingate test in elite male boxers and to evaluate balance, agility and cognitive performance after fatigue are being investigated for the first time in this study. Twenty elite male boxers 22.14 ± 1.42 years old were divided into four groups in this double-blind, randomized crossover study: CAF (6 mg/kg of caffeine), TAU (3 g single dose of taurine), CAF*TAU (co-ingestion of 3 g single dose of taurine and 6 mg/kg of caffeine) and PLA (300 mg maltodextrin). The findings are as follows: co-ingestion of CAF*TAU, improved peak (W/kg), average (W), minimum (W) power, time to reach (s), and RPE performances compared to the PLA group significantly (p < 0.05). Similarly, it was determined that a single dose of TAU, created a significant difference (p < 0.05) in peak power (W/kg), and average and minimum power (W) values compared to the CAF group. According to the balance and agility tests performed after the Wingate test, co-ingestion of CAF*TAU revealed a significant difference (p < 0.05) compared to the PLA group. In terms of cognitive performance, co-ingestion of CAF*TAU significantly improved the neutral reaction time (ms) compared to the TAU, CAF and PLA groups. As a result, elite male boxers performed better in terms of agility, balance and cognitive function when they consumed a combination of 6 mg/kg CAF and 3 g TAU. It has been determined that the combined use of these supplements is more effective than their single use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Ozan
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Kazım Karabekir Faculty of Education, Atatürk University, 25500 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Buzdagli
- Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Erzurum Technical University, 25500 Erzurum, Turkey
- Correspondence:
| | - Cemre Didem Eyipinar
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Gaziantep University, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Kılıç Baygutalp
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, 25500 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Yüce
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, 25500 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Furkan Oget
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Erzurum Technical University, 25500 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Emirhan Kan
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Kazım Karabekir Faculty of Education, Atatürk University, 25500 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatih Baygutalp
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, 25500 Erzurum, Turkey
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6
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Yuan Y, Yang Y, Lei X, Dong W. Caffeine and bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Clinical benefits and the mechanisms involved. Pediatr Pulmonol 2022; 57:1392-1400. [PMID: 35318830 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic respiratory disease that occurs during the neonatal period and is commonly associated with prematurity. This condition results in a severe economic burden on society and the families involved. Caffeine is used not only for the treatment of apnea in prematurity, but also for the prevention of BPD. There are multiple clinical benefits of caffeine treatment, including improved extubation success, a reduced duration of mechanical ventilation, improved lung function, and a reduction of patent ductus arteriosus requiring treatment. These clinical benefits of caffeine for the treatment of BPD are supported by both clinical trials and evidence from animal models. However, the mechanism by which caffeine protects against BPD remains unclear. Here, we review the clinical value of caffeine in the prevention of BPD and its potential mechanisms of action, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antifibrotic, and antiapoptotic properties, the regulation of angiogenesis, and diuretic effects. Our aim is to provide a new theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Perinatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Perinatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Lei
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Perinatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wenbin Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Perinatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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7
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Simões CB, Gomes PLC, Silva RA, Fonseca IC, Fonseca M, Cruz VM, Drummond MD. Acute caffeine and capsaicin supplementation and performance in resistance training. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-65742022010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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8
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Yang Q, Kajimoto S, Kobayashi Y, Hiramatsu H, Nakabayashi T. Regulation of Cell Volume by Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:10692-10700. [PMID: 34519209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c06058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Stimulation of cells by nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs) has attracted attention as a technology for medical applications such as cancer treatment. nsPEFs have been shown to affect intracellular environments without significant damage to cell membranes; however, the mechanism underlying the effect of nsPEFs on cells remains unclear. In this study, we constructed electrodes for applying nsPEFs and analyzed the change in volume of a single cell due to nsPEFs using fluorescence and Raman microscopy. It was shown that the direction of the change depended on the applied electric field; expansion due to the influx of water was observed at high electric field, and cell shrinkage was observed at low electric field. The change in cell volume was correlated to the change in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration, and nsPEFs-induced shrinking was not observed when the Ca2+-free medium was used. This result suggests that the cell shrinkage is related to the regulatory volume decrease where the cell adjusts the increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration, inducing the efflux of ions and water from the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Shinji Kajimoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.,JST PRESTO, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Yuki Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Hiramatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001, Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.,Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Takakazu Nakabayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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Yan T, Huang J, Nisar MF, Wan C, Huang W. The Beneficial Roles of SIRT1 in Drug-Induced Liver Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8506195. [PMID: 31354914 PMCID: PMC6636535 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8506195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major cause of acute liver failure (ALF) as a result of accumulated drugs in the human body metabolized into toxic agents and helps generate heavy oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, which induces necrosis in hepatocytes and ultimately damages the liver. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is said to have multiple vital roles in cell proliferation, aging, and antistress systems of the human body. The levels of SIRT1 and its activation precisely modulate its critical role in the interaction between multiple step procedures of DILI. The nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell- (NF-κB-) mediated inflammation signaling pathway, reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA damage, mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress also contribute to aggravate DILI. Apoptosis is regarded as the terminal reaction followed by multiple signaling cascades including caspases, p53, and mitochondrial dysfunction which have been said to contribute in DILI. The SIRT1 activator is regarded as a potential candidate for DILI, because the former could inhibit signaling of p53, NF-κB, and ER stress. On the other hand, overexpression of SIRT1 also enhances the activation of antioxidant responses via Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1- (Keap1-) nuclear factor- (erythroid-derived 2-) like 2 (Nrf2) signaling. The current manuscript will highlight the mechanism of DILI and the interaction of SIRT1 with various cytoplasmic factors leading to DILI along with the summary of potent SIRT1 agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingdong Yan
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinlong Huang
- 2The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Muhammad Farrukh Nisar
- 3Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (CUVAS), Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Chunpeng Wan
- 4Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits & Vegetables, Collaborative Innovation Center of Post-Harvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Weifeng Huang
- 2The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
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