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Smart A, Gilmer O, Caliskan N. Translation Inhibition Mediated by Interferon-Stimulated Genes during Viral Infections. Viruses 2024; 16:1097. [PMID: 39066259 PMCID: PMC11281336 DOI: 10.3390/v16071097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Viruses often pose a significant threat to the host through the exploitation of cellular machineries for their own benefit. In the context of immune responses, myriad host factors are deployed to target viral RNAs and inhibit viral protein translation, ultimately hampering viral replication. Understanding how "non-self" RNAs interact with the host translation machinery and trigger immune responses would help in the development of treatment strategies for viral infections. In this review, we explore how interferon-stimulated gene products interact with viral RNA and the translation machinery in order to induce either global or targeted translation inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria Smart
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-Based Infection Research, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HIRI-HZI), Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (A.S.); (O.G.)
| | - Orian Gilmer
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-Based Infection Research, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HIRI-HZI), Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (A.S.); (O.G.)
| | - Neva Caliskan
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-Based Infection Research, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HIRI-HZI), Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (A.S.); (O.G.)
- Regensburg Center for Biochemistry (RCB), University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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2
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Xia C, Wang T, Hahm B. Triggering Degradation of Host Cellular Proteins for Robust Propagation of Influenza Viruses. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4677. [PMID: 38731896 PMCID: PMC11083682 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Following infection, influenza viruses strive to establish a new host cellular environment optimized for efficient viral replication and propagation. Influenza viruses use or hijack numerous host factors and machinery not only to fulfill their own replication process but also to constantly evade the host's antiviral and immune response. For this purpose, influenza viruses appear to have formulated diverse strategies to manipulate the host proteins or signaling pathways. One of the most effective tactics is to specifically induce the degradation of the cellular proteins that are detrimental to the virus life cycle. Here, we summarize the cellular factors that are deemed to have been purposefully degraded by influenza virus infection. The focus is laid on the mechanisms for the protein ubiquitination and degradation in association with facilitated viral amplification. The fate of influenza viral infection of hosts is heavily reliant on the outcomes of the interplay between the virus and the host antiviral immunity. Understanding the processes of how influenza viruses instigate the protein destruction pathways could provide a foundation for the development of advanced therapeutics to target host proteins and conquer influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Xia
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;
| | - Bumsuk Hahm
- Departments of Surgery & Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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3
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Husain M. Influenza Virus Host Restriction Factors: The ISGs and Non-ISGs. Pathogens 2024; 13:127. [PMID: 38392865 PMCID: PMC10893265 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13020127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus has been one of the most prevalent and researched viruses globally. Consequently, there is ample information available about influenza virus lifecycle and pathogenesis. However, there is plenty yet to be known about the determinants of influenza virus pathogenesis and disease severity. Influenza virus exploits host factors to promote each step of its lifecycle. In turn, the host deploys antiviral or restriction factors that inhibit or restrict the influenza virus lifecycle at each of those steps. Two broad categories of host restriction factors can exist in virus-infected cells: (1) encoded by the interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) and (2) encoded by the constitutively expressed genes that are not stimulated by interferons (non-ISGs). There are hundreds of ISGs known, and many, e.g., Mx, IFITMs, and TRIMs, have been characterized to restrict influenza virus infection at different stages of its lifecycle by (1) blocking viral entry or progeny release, (2) sequestering or degrading viral components and interfering with viral synthesis and assembly, or (3) bolstering host innate defenses. Also, many non-ISGs, e.g., cyclophilins, ncRNAs, and HDACs, have been identified and characterized to restrict influenza virus infection at different lifecycle stages by similar mechanisms. This review provides an overview of those ISGs and non-ISGs and how the influenza virus escapes the restriction imposed by them and aims to improve our understanding of the host restriction mechanisms of the influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matloob Husain
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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4
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Wilby EL, Weil TT. Relating the Biogenesis and Function of P Bodies in Drosophila to Human Disease. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1675. [PMID: 37761815 PMCID: PMC10530015 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Drosophila has been a premier model organism for over a century and many discoveries in flies have furthered our understanding of human disease. Flies have been successfully applied to many aspects of health-based research spanning from behavioural addiction, to dysplasia, to RNA dysregulation and protein misfolding. Recently, Drosophila tissues have been used to study biomolecular condensates and their role in multicellular systems. Identified in a wide range of plant and animal species, biomolecular condensates are dynamic, non-membrane-bound sub-compartments that have been observed and characterised in the cytoplasm and nuclei of many cell types. Condensate biology has exciting research prospects because of their diverse roles within cells, links to disease, and potential for therapeutics. In this review, we will discuss processing bodies (P bodies), a conserved biomolecular condensate, with a particular interest in how Drosophila can be applied to advance our understanding of condensate biogenesis and their role in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Timothy T. Weil
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK;
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5
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Yang S, Zhang X, Li X, Yin X, Teng L, Ji G, Li H. Evolutionary and Expression Analysis of MOV10 and MOV10L1 Reveals Their Origin, Duplication and Divergence. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147523. [PMID: 35886872 PMCID: PMC9319325 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
MOV10 and MOV10L1 both encode ATP-dependent RNA helicases. In mammals, MOV10 and MOV10L1 participate in various kinds of biological contexts, such as defense of RNA virus invasion, neuron system, germ cell and early development. However, mov10 and mov10l1 in zebrafish are obscure and the evolutionary relationships of mov10 among different species remain unclear. In this study, we found MOV10 and MOV10L1 had some variations despite they possessed the conserved feature of RNA helicase, however, they may originate from a single ancestor although they shared limited homology. A single MOV10L1 gene existed among all species, while MOV10 gene experienced lineage-specific intra-chromosomal gene duplication in several species. Interestingly, the mov10 gene expanded to three in zebrafish, which originating from a duplication by whole genome specific duplication of teleost lineage followed by a specific intra-chromosome tandem duplication. The mov10 and mov10l1 showed distinct expression profiles in early stages, however, in adult zebrafish, three mov10 genes exhibited similar diverse expression patterns in almost all tissues. We also demonstrated mov10 genes were upregulated upon virus challenge, highlighting they had redundant conserved roles in virus infection. These results provide valuable data for the evolution of MOV10 and MOV10L1 and they are important to the further functional exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaiqi Yang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xiangmin Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xianpeng Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xiu Yin
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (X.Y.)
| | - Lei Teng
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Guangdong Ji
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (X.Y.)
- Correspondence: (G.J.); (H.L.); Tel.: +86-0532-82032092 (H.L.)
| | - Hongyan Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (X.Y.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266003, China
- Correspondence: (G.J.); (H.L.); Tel.: +86-0532-82032092 (H.L.)
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6
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Yang X, Xiang Z, Sun Z, Ji F, Ren K, Pan D. Host MOV10 is induced to restrict herpes simplex virus 1 lytic infection by promoting type I interferon response. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010301. [PMID: 35157734 PMCID: PMC8880913 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Moloney leukemia virus 10 protein (MOV10) is an interferon (IFN)-inducible RNA helicase implicated in antiviral activity against RNA viruses, yet its role in herpesvirus infection has not been investigated. After corneal inoculation of mice with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), we observed strong upregulation of both MOV10 mRNA and protein in acutely infected mouse trigeminal ganglia. MOV10 suppressed HSV-1 replication in both neuronal and non-neuronal cells, and this suppression required the N-terminus, but not C-terminal helicase domain of MOV10. MOV10 repressed expression of the viral gene ICP0 in transfected cells, but suppressed HSV-1 replication independently of ICP0. MOV10 increased expression of type I IFN in HSV-1 infected cells with little effect on IFN downstream signaling. Treating the cells with IFN-α or an inhibitor of the IFN receptor eliminated MOV10 suppression of HSV-1 replication. MOV10 enhanced IFN production stimulated by cytoplasmic RNA rather than DNA. IKKε co-immunoprecipitated with MOV10 and was required for MOV10 restriction of HSV-1 replication. Mass spectrometry identified ICP27 as a viral protein interacting with MOV10. Co-immunoprecipitation results suggested that this interaction depended on the RGG box of ICP27 and both termini of MOV10. Overexpressed ICP27, but not its RGG-Box deletion mutant, rendered MOV10 unable to regulate HSV-1 replication and type I IFN production. In summary, MOV10 is induced to restrict HSV-1 lytic infection by promoting the type I IFN response through an IKKε-mediated RNA sensing pathway, and its activity is potentially antagonized by ICP27 in an RGG box dependent manner. Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is a ubiquitous DNA virus that can cause various human diseases. Upon HSV-1 invasion, the host elicited the type I interferon (IFN) response as the first line of defense, in which numerous host factors are induced to restrict viral infection, yet our knowledge about these restriction factors remains limited. Here we show that during HSV-1 acute infection Moloney leukemia virus 10 protein (MOV10) was induced to restrict HSV-1 productive infection. MOV10 restricted HSV-1 replication by promoting type I IFN production through an IKKε-mediated RNA sensing pathway. Moreover, we identified ICP27 as a viral protein that can interact with MOV10 and antagonize its antiviral activity. Thus we establish MOV10 as a host restriction factor against a herpesvirus for the first time and expand our knowledge about how viral and host proteins modulate the IFN response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ze Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zeyu Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feiyang Ji
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Keyi Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongli Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail:
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7
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Zhou H, Sun C, Li C, Hua S, Li F, Li R, Cai D, Zou Y, Cai Y, Jiang X. The MicroRNA-106a/20b Strongly Enhances the Antitumour Immune Responses of Dendritic Cells Pulsed with Glioma Stem Cells by Targeting STAT3. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:9721028. [PMID: 36157880 PMCID: PMC9499788 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9721028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evaluate the effect of the miRNA-106a/20b on the efficacy of DCs pulsed with GSCs in activating GSC-specific T cell responses. METHODS We cultured GSCs and prepared GSC antigen lysates by apoptosis. Then, immature DCs were pulsed with GSC antigen lysates in vitro. STAT3 levels in DCs were assessed by Western blotting, and the expression of CD80, CD86, and MHC-II was tested by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. The production and secretion of the cytokines IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α, and IL-10 in DCs induced by GSCs were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Finally, the cytotoxic functions of T cells stimulated by GSC-DC fusion cells transfected with a miR-106a/20b mimic in vitro and the antitumour activity in vivo were detected. RESULTS We found that the levels of miR-106a/20b were downregulated, but the expression of STAT3 was significantly upregulated. Simultaneously, the inhibition of STAT3 in the fusion cells by STAT3-specific siRNA caused significant upregulation of the expression of CD80, CD86, and MHC-II, and the secretion of the cytokines IL-6 and IL-12 was substantially increased, IL-10 was markedly decreased. These findings revealed that STAT3 is an important regulator of DC maturation. Furthermore, the interactional binding sites between the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of STAT3 mRNA and miR-106a/20b were predicted by bioinformatics and verified by a dual-luciferase assay. Moreover, the reduction in STAT3 levels in GSC-DCs enhanced the generation of CD8+ T cells and reduced the generation of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, the secretion of the T cell cytokine IFN-γ was significantly increased. Further research showed that DCs after miR-106a/20b-mimics transfection could promote the inhibition of GSC proliferation by T cells in vitro and suppress tumour growth in vivo. CONCLUSIONS This study indicted that the miR-106a/20b activation could be one of the important molecular mechanisms leading to enhance antitumour immune responses of GSC-mediated DCs, which downregulated the expression of STAT3 to alleviate its the inhibitory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Neurosurgery Center, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chengmei Sun
- Neurosurgery Center, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Cong Li
- Neurosurgery Center, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shiting Hua
- Neurosurgery Center, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Feng Li
- Neurosurgery Center, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ruichun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dongpeng Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yuxi Zou
- Neurosurgery Center, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yingqian Cai
- Neurosurgery Center, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaodan Jiang
- Neurosurgery Center, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Abstract
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are emergent pathogens that may cause life-threatening respiratory diseases in humans. Understanding of CoV-host interactions may help to identify novel therapeutic targets. MOV10 is an RNA helicase involved in different steps of cellular RNA metabolism. Both MOV10 antiviral and proviral activities have been described in a limited number of viruses, but this protein has not been previously associated with CoVs. We found that during Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection, MOV10 aggregated in cytoplasmic structures colocalizing with viral nucleocapsid (N) protein. MOV10-N interaction was confirmed by endogenous MOV10 coimmunoprecipitation, and the presence of other cellular proteins was also detected in MOV10 complexes. MOV10 silencing significantly increased both N protein accumulation and virus titer, with no changes in the accumulation of viral RNAs. Moreover, MOV10 overexpression caused a 10-fold decrease in viral titers. These data indicated that MOV10 has antiviral activity during MERS-CoV infection. We postulated that this activity could be mediated by viral RNA sequestration, and in fact, RNA immunoprecipitation data showed the presence of viral RNAs in the MOV10 cytoplasmic complexes. Expression of wild-type MOV10 or of a MOV10 mutant without helicase activity in MOV10 knockout cell lines, developed by CRISPR-Cas technology, indicated that the helicase activity of MOV10 was required for its antiviral effect. Interestingly MOV10-N interaction was conserved in other mildly or highly pathogenic human CoVs, including the recently emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), although MOV10 antiviral activity was found only in highly pathogenic CoVs, suggesting a potential role of MOV10 in the modulation of human CoVs pathogenesis.
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Guo X, Zhao K, Liu X, Lei B, Zhang W, Li X, Yuan W. Construction and Generation of a Recombinant Senecavirus a Stably Expressing the NanoLuc Luciferase for Quantitative Antiviral Assay. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:745502. [PMID: 34659180 PMCID: PMC8517534 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.745502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA), also known as Seneca Valley virus, is a recently emerged picornavirus that can cause swine vesicular disease, posing a great threat to the global swine industry. A recombinant reporter virus (rSVA-Nluc) stably expressing the nanoluciferase (Nluc) gene between SVA 2A and 2B was developed to rapidly detect anti-SVA neutralizing antibodies and establish a high-throughput screen for antiviral agents. This recombinant virus displayed similar growth kinetics as the parental virus and remained stable for more than 10 passages in BHK-21 cells. As a proof-of-concept for its utility for rapid antiviral screening, this reporter virus was used to rapidly quantify anti-SVA neutralizing antibodies in 13 swine sera samples and screen for antiviral agents, including interferons ribavirin and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Subsequently, interfering RNAs targeting different regions of the SVA genome were screened using the reporter virus. This reporter virus (rSVA-Nluc) represents a useful tool for rapid and quantitative screening and evaluation of antivirals against SVA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Guo
- College of Animal Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Kuan Zhao
- College of Animal Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaona Liu
- College of Animal Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Baishi Lei
- College of Animal Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Wuchao Zhang
- College of Animal Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiuli Li
- College of Animal Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Wanzhe Yuan
- College of Animal Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.,Hebei Veterinary Biotechnology Innovation Center, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.,North China Research Center of Animal Epidemic Pathogen Biology, China Agriculture Ministry, Baoding, China
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10
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Nawaz A, Shilikbay T, Skariah G, Ceman S. Unwinding the roles of RNA helicase MOV10. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2021; 13:e1682. [PMID: 34327836 PMCID: PMC8799784 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MOV10 is an RNA helicase that associates with the RNA‐induced silencing complex component Argonaute (AGO), likely resolving RNA secondary structures. MOV10 also binds the Fragile X mental retardation protein to block AGO2 binding at some sites and associates with UPF1, a principal component of the nonsense‐mediated RNA decay pathway. MOV10 is widely expressed and has a key role in the cellular response to viral infection and in suppressing retrotransposition. Posttranslational modifications of MOV10 include ubiquitination, which leads to stimulation‐dependent degradation, and phosphorylation, which has an unknown function. MOV10 localizes to the nucleus and/or cytoplasm in a cell type‐specific and developmental stage‐specific manner. Knockout of Mov10 leads to embryonic lethality, underscoring an important role in development where it is required for the completion of gastrulation. MOV10 is expressed throughout the organism; however, most studies have focused on germline cells and neurons. In the testes, the knockdown of Mov10 disrupts proliferation of spermatogonial progenitor cells. In brain, MOV10 is significantly elevated postnatally and binds mRNAs encoding cytoskeleton and neuron projection proteins, suggesting an important role in neuronal architecture. Heterozygous Mov10 mutant mice are hyperactive and anxious and their cultured hippocampal neurons have reduced dendritic arborization. Zygotic knockdown of Mov10 in Xenopus laevis causes abnormal head and eye development and mislocalization of neuronal precursors in the brain. Thus, MOV10 plays a vital role during development, defense against viral infection and in neuronal development and function: its many roles and regulation are only beginning to be unraveled. This article is categorized under:RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA‐Protein Complexes RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein‐RNA Interactions: Functional Implications
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Affiliation(s)
- Aatiqa Nawaz
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Temirlan Shilikbay
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Geena Skariah
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Stephanie Ceman
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
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Liu X, Xu F, Ren L, Zhao F, Huang Y, Wei L, Wang Y, Wang C, Fan Z, Mei S, Song J, Zhao Z, Cen S, Liang C, Wang J, Guo F. MARCH8 inhibits influenza A virus infection by targeting viral M2 protein for ubiquitination-dependent degradation in lysosomes. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4427. [PMID: 34285233 PMCID: PMC8292393 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24724-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The membrane-associated RING-CH (MARCH) proteins are E3 ligases that regulate the stability of various cellular membrane proteins. MARCH8 has been reported to inhibit the infection of HIV-1 and a few other viruses, thus plays an important role in host antiviral defense. However, the antiviral spectrum and the underlying mechanisms of MARCH8 are incompletely defined. Here, we demonstrate that MARCH8 profoundly inhibits influenza A virus (IAV) replication both in vitro and in mice. Mechanistically, MARCH8 suppresses IAV release through redirecting viral M2 protein from the plasma membrane to lysosomes for degradation. Specifically, MARCH8 catalyzes the K63-linked polyubiquitination of M2 at lysine residue 78 (K78). A recombinant A/Puerto Rico/8/34 virus carrying the K78R M2 protein shows greater replication and more severe pathogenicity in cells and mice. More importantly, we found that the M2 protein of the H1N1 IAV has evolved to acquire non-lysine amino acids at positions 78/79 to resist MARCH8-mediated ubiquitination and degradation. Together, our data support the important role of MARCH8 in host anti-IAV intrinsic immune defense by targeting M2, and suggest the inhibitory pressure of MARCH8 on H1N1 IAV transmission in the human population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Center for AIDS Research, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fengwen Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Center for AIDS Research, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Ren
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Center for AIDS Research, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Center for AIDS Research, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Wei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Center for AIDS Research, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Conghui Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhangling Fan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Center for AIDS Research, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Mei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Center for AIDS Research, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingdong Song
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zhendong Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Center for AIDS Research, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Cen
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Liang
- McGill University AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jianwei Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. .,Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Fei Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Center for AIDS Research, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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12
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Lidak T, Baloghova N, Korinek V, Sedlacek R, Balounova J, Kasparek P, Cermak L. CRL4-DCAF12 Ubiquitin Ligase Controls MOV10 RNA Helicase during Spermatogenesis and T Cell Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5394. [PMID: 34065512 PMCID: PMC8161014 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Multisubunit cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase 4 (CRL4)-DCAF12 recognizes the C-terminal degron containing acidic amino acid residues. However, its physiological roles and substrates are largely unknown. Purification of CRL4-DCAF12 complexes revealed a wide range of potential substrates, including MOV10, an "ancient" RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) complex RNA helicase. We show that DCAF12 controls the MOV10 protein level via its C-terminal motif in a proteasome- and CRL-dependent manner. Next, we generated Dcaf12 knockout mice and demonstrated that the DCAF12-mediated degradation of MOV10 is conserved in mice and humans. Detailed analysis of Dcaf12-deficient mice revealed that their testes produce fewer mature sperms, phenotype accompanied by elevated MOV10 and imbalance in meiotic markers SCP3 and γ-H2AX. Additionally, the percentages of splenic CD4+ T and natural killer T (NKT) cell populations were significantly altered. In vitro, activated Dcaf12-deficient T cells displayed inappropriately stabilized MOV10 and increased levels of activated caspases. In summary, we identified MOV10 as a novel substrate of CRL4-DCAF12 and demonstrated the biological relevance of the DCAF12-MOV10 pathway in spermatogenesis and T cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Lidak
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 42 Vestec, Czech Republic; (T.L.); (N.B.); (V.K.)
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nikol Baloghova
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 42 Vestec, Czech Republic; (T.L.); (N.B.); (V.K.)
| | - Vladimir Korinek
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 42 Vestec, Czech Republic; (T.L.); (N.B.); (V.K.)
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 42 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Radislav Sedlacek
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; (R.S.); (J.B.); (P.K.)
| | - Jana Balounova
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; (R.S.); (J.B.); (P.K.)
| | - Petr Kasparek
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; (R.S.); (J.B.); (P.K.)
| | - Lukas Cermak
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 42 Vestec, Czech Republic; (T.L.); (N.B.); (V.K.)
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13
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McKellar J, Rebendenne A, Wencker M, Moncorgé O, Goujon C. Mammalian and Avian Host Cell Influenza A Restriction Factors. Viruses 2021; 13:522. [PMID: 33810083 PMCID: PMC8005160 DOI: 10.3390/v13030522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The threat of a new influenza pandemic is real. With past pandemics claiming millions of lives, finding new ways to combat this virus is essential. Host cells have developed a multi-modular system to detect incoming pathogens, a phenomenon called sensing. The signaling cascade triggered by sensing subsequently induces protection for themselves and their surrounding neighbors, termed interferon (IFN) response. This response induces the upregulation of hundreds of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), including antiviral effectors, establishing an antiviral state. As well as the antiviral proteins induced through the IFN system, cells also possess a so-called intrinsic immunity, constituted of antiviral proteins that are constitutively expressed, creating a first barrier preceding the induction of the interferon system. All these combined antiviral effectors inhibit the virus at various stages of the viral lifecycle, using a wide array of mechanisms. Here, we provide a review of mammalian and avian influenza A restriction factors, detailing their mechanism of action and in vivo relevance, when known. Understanding their mode of action might help pave the way for the development of new influenza treatments, which are absolutely required if we want to be prepared to face a new pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe McKellar
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, CEDEX 5, 34293 Montpellier, France; (J.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Antoine Rebendenne
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, CEDEX 5, 34293 Montpellier, France; (J.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Mélanie Wencker
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM/CNRS/UCBL1/ENS de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France;
| | - Olivier Moncorgé
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, CEDEX 5, 34293 Montpellier, France; (J.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Caroline Goujon
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, CEDEX 5, 34293 Montpellier, France; (J.M.); (A.R.)
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14
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Su F, Liu X, Jiang Y. Roles of MOV10 in Animal RNA Virus Infection. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:569737. [PMID: 33195554 PMCID: PMC7524886 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.569737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal epidemic diseases caused by RNA viruses are the primary threat to the livestock industry, and understanding the mechanisms of RNA virus clearance from target cells is critical to establish an effective method to reduce economic losses. As an SF-1, ATP-dependent RNA helicase in the UPF1p family, MOV10 participates in the RNA degradation of multiple viruses mediated via miRNA pathways and therefore contributes to a decrease in the replication of RNA viruses. This review primarily focuses on the bioactivity of MOV10, the mechanism of RNA virus removal, and the potential roles of MOV10 in RNA virus clearance. In addition, clues are provided to reduce animal diseases caused by RNA viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Su
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xueming Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yunliang Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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15
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Xu M, Mazur MJ, Tao X, Kormelink R. Cellular RNA Hubs: Friends and Foes of Plant Viruses. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2020; 33:40-54. [PMID: 31415225 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-06-19-0161-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
RNA granules are dynamic cellular foci that are widely spread in eukaryotic cells and play essential roles in cell growth and development, and immune and stress responses. Different types of granules can be distinguished, each with a specific function and playing a role in, for example, RNA transcription, modification, processing, decay, translation, and arrest. By means of communication and exchange of (shared) components, they form a large regulatory network in cells. Viruses have been reported to interact with one or more of these either cytoplasmic or nuclear granules, and act either proviral, to enable and support viral infection and facilitate viral movement, or antiviral, protecting or clearing hosts from viral infection. This review describes an overview and recent progress on cytoplasmic and nuclear RNA granules and their interplay with virus infection, first in animal systems and as a prelude to the status and current developments on plant viruses, which have been less well studied on this thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Magdalena J Mazur
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Xiaorong Tao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Richard Kormelink
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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16
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Unraveling the role of the MOV10 RNA helicase during influenza A virus infection. Biochem J 2019; 476:1005-1008. [PMID: 30918067 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Moloney leukemia virus 10 (MOV10) is an interferon-inducible RNA helicase that has been implicated in a broad range of cellular functions, including modulating the replication of a diverse range of viruses. However, the mechanisms by which MOV10 promotes or inhibits the replication of particular viruses have not been well defined. A recent paper published in the Biochemical Journal by Li et al. [Biochem. J. (2019) 476, 467-481] provides insight regarding the mechanisms by which MOV10 restricts influenza A virus (IAV) infection in host cells. First, the authors confirm that MOV10 binds to the viral nucleoprotein (NP) and sequesters the viral ribonucleoprotein complex in cytoplasmic granules called processing (P)-bodies, thus inhibiting IAV replication. Second, they demonstrate that the non-structural (NS)1 protein of IAV can act as an antagonist of MOV10, inhibiting the association of MOV10 with NP and promoting MOV10 degradation through the lysosomal pathway. Further research will determine if cellular RNA helicases such as MOV10 represent suitable targets for the development of novel anti-IAV therapies.
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