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Pérez Vázquez K, Tau J, Leal Denis MF, Fader CM, Ostuni MA, Schwarzbaum PJ, Herlax V. Alpha hemolysin of Escherichia coli induces a necrotic-like procoagulant state in platelets. Biochimie 2024:S0300-9084(24)00137-8. [PMID: 38857695 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Uropathogenic strains of E. coli (UPEC) is a leading cause of sepsis, deploying multiple virulence factors to evade host immune responses. Notably, alpha-hemolysin (HlyA) produced by UPEC is implicated in septic symptoms associated with bacteremia, correlating with thrombocytopenia, a critical indicator of organ dysfunction and a predictor of poorer patient prognosis. This study meticulously explores the impact of sublytic concentrations of HlyA on platelets. Findings reveal that HlyA triggers an increase in intracellular calcium, activating calpain and exposing phosphatidylserine to the cell surface, as validated by flow cytometric experiments. Electron microscopy reveals a distinctive balloon-like shape in HlyA-treated platelets, indicative of a procoagulant state. The toxin induces the release of procoagulant extracellular vesicles and the secretion of alpha and dense granules. Overall, the results point to HlyA inducing a necrotic-like procoagulant state in platelets. The effects of sublytic concentrations of HlyA on both erythrocytes and platelets could have a potential impact on capillary microcirculation. Targeting HlyA emerges as a viable therapeutic strategy to mitigate the adverse effects of UPEC infections, especially in South American countries where these infections are endemic, underscoring its significance as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenia Pérez Vázquez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP), CCT- La Plata, CONICET. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina
| | - Julia Tau
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP), CCT- La Plata, CONICET. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina
| | - M Florencia Leal Denis
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB) "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini", Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudio M Fader
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Histología y Embriología, (IHEM), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina; Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Mariano A Ostuni
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, INSERM, BIGR, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Pablo J Schwarzbaum
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB) "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini", Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Vanesa Herlax
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP), CCT- La Plata, CONICET. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina.
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Cané L, Saffioti NA, Genetet S, Daza Millone MA, Ostuni MA, Schwarzbaum PJ, Mouro-Chanteloup I, Herlax V. Alpha hemolysin of E. coli induces hemolysis of human erythrocytes independently of toxin interaction with membrane proteins. Biochimie 2024; 216:3-13. [PMID: 37820991 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Alpha hemolysin (HlyA) is a hemolytic and cytotoxic protein secreted by uropathogenic strains of E. coli. The role of glycophorins (GPs) as putative receptors for HlyA binding to red blood cells (RBCs) has been debated. Experiments using anti-GPA/GPB antibodies and a GPA-specific epitope nanobody to block HlyA-GP binding on hRBCs, showed no effect on hemolytic activity. Similarly, the hemolysis induced by HlyA remained unaffected when hRBCs from a GPAnull/GPBnull variant were used. Surface Plasmon Resonance experiments revealed similar values of the dissociation constant between GPA and either HlyA, ProHlyA (inactive protoxin), HlyAΔ914-936 (mutant of HlyA lacking the binding domain to GPA) or human serum albumin, indicating that the binding between the proteins and GPA is not specific. Although far Western blot followed by mass spectroscopy analyses suggested that HlyA interacts with Band 3 and spectrins, hemolytic experiments on spectrin-depleted hRBCs and spherocytes, indicated these proteins do not mediate the hemolytic process. Our results unequivocally demonstrate that neither glycophorins, nor Band 3 and spectrins mediate the cytotoxic activity of HlyA on hRBCs, thereby challenging the HlyA-receptor hypothesis. This finding holds significant relevance for the design of anti-toxin therapeutic strategies, particularly in light of the growing antibiotic resistance exhibited by bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Cané
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP), CCT- La Plata, CONICET. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Andrés Saffioti
- Instituto de Química y Fisico-Química Biológicas (IQUIFIB) "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini", Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Nanosistemas, Universidad de General San Martín, Avenida 25 de Mayo 1021, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sandrine Genetet
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, INSERM, BIGR, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - María Antonieta Daza Millone
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CCT- La Plata, CONICET. Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Sucursal 4 Casilla de Correo 16, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Mariano A Ostuni
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, INSERM, BIGR, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Pablo J Schwarzbaum
- Instituto de Química y Fisico-Química Biológicas (IQUIFIB) "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini", Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Vanesa Herlax
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP), CCT- La Plata, CONICET. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina.
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Cané L, Guzmán F, Balatti G, Daza Millone MA, Pucci Molineris M, Maté S, Martini MF, Herlax V. Biophysical Analysis to Assess the Interaction of CRAC and CARC Motif Peptides of Alpha Hemolysin of Escherichia coli with Membranes. Biochemistry 2023. [PMID: 37224476 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.3c00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Alpha hemolysin of Escherichia coli (HlyA) is a pore-forming protein, which is a prototype of the "Repeat in Toxins" (RTX) family. It was demonstrated that HlyA-cholesterol interaction facilitates the insertion of the toxin into membranes. Putative cholesterol-binding sites, called cholesterol recognition/amino acid consensus (CRAC), and CARC (analogous to CRAC but with the opposite orientation) were identified in the HlyA sequence. In this context, two peptides were synthesized, one derived from a CARC site from the insertion domain of the toxin (residues 341-353) (PEP 1) and the other one from a CRAC site from the domain between the acylated lysines (residues 639-644) (PEP 2), to study their role in the interaction of HlyA with membranes. The interaction of peptides with membranes of different lipid compositions (pure POPC and POPC/Cho of 4:1 and 2:1 molar ratios) was analyzed by surface plasmon resonance and molecular dynamics simulations. Results demonstrate that both peptides interact preferentially with Cho-containing membranes, although PEP 2 presents a lower KD than PEP 1. Molecular dynamics simulation results indicate that the insertion and interaction of PEP 2 with Cho-containing membranes are more prominent than those caused by PEP 1. The hemolytic activity of HlyA in the presence of peptides indicates that PEP 2 was the only one that inhibits HlyA activity, interfering in the binding between the toxin and cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Cané
- CCT-La Plata, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP), 60 y 120, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Fanny Guzmán
- Núcleo de Biotecnología Curauma (NBC), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2373223, Chile
| | - Galo Balatti
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Roque Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal, Buenos Aires 1876, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA). Junín 956, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
| | - María Antonieta Daza Millone
- CCT-La Plata, CONICET. Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Sucursal 4 Casilla de Correo 16, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Melisa Pucci Molineris
- CCT-La Plata, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP), 60 y 120, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Sabina Maté
- CCT-La Plata, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP), 60 y 120, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - M Florencia Martini
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA). Junín 956, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
- Cátedra de Química Medicinal, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
| | - Vanesa Herlax
- CCT-La Plata, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP), 60 y 120, La Plata 1900, Argentina
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Alvarez CL, Chêne A, Semblat JP, Gamain B, Lapouméroulie C, Fader CM, Hattab C, Sévigny J, Denis MFL, Lauri N, Ostuni MA, Schwarzbaum PJ. Homeostasis of extracellular ATP in uninfected RBCs from a Plasmodium falciparum culture and derived microparticles. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2022; 1864:183980. [PMID: 35654147 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.183980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum, a dangerous parasitic agent causing malaria, invades human red blood cells (RBCs), causing hemolysis and microvascular obstruction. These and other pathological processes of malaria patients are due to metabolic and structural changes occurring in uninfected RBCs. In addition, infection activates the production of microparticles (MPs). ATP and byproducts are important extracellular ligands modulating purinergic signaling within the intravascular space. Here, we analyzed the contribution of uninfected RBCs and MPs to the regulation of extracellular ATP (eATP) of RBCs, which depends on the balance between ATP release by specific transporters and eATP hydrolysis by ectonucleotidases. RBCs were cultured with P. falciparum for 24-48 h prior to experiments, from which uninfected RBCs and MPs were purified. On-line luminometry was used to quantify the kinetics of ATP release. Luminometry, colorimetry and radioactive methods were used to assess the rate of eATP hydrolysis by ectonucleotidases. Rates of ATP release and eATP hydrolysis were also evaluated in MPs. Uninfected RBCs challenged by different stimuli displayed a strong and transient activation of ATP release, together with an elevated rate of eATP hydrolysis. MPs contained ATP in their lumen, which was released upon vesicle rupture, and were able to hydrolyze eATP. Results suggest that uninfected RBCs and MPs can act as important determinants of eATP regulation of RBCs during malaria. The comparison of eATP homeostasis in infected RBCs, ui-RBCs, and MPs allowed us to speculate on the impact of P. falciparum infection on intravascular purinergic signaling and the control of the vascular caliber by RBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cora L Alvarez
- Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini", Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 956, C1113AAD Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Arnaud Chêne
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, INSERM, BIGR, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Semblat
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, INSERM, BIGR, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Benoît Gamain
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, INSERM, BIGR, F-75015 Paris, France
| | | | - Claudio M Fader
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Fisiopatología del Glóbulo Rojo. Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina; Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Claude Hattab
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, INSERM, BIGR, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Jean Sévigny
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - María Florencia Leal Denis
- Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini", Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 956, C1113AAD Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Cátedra de Química Analítica, Junín 956, C1113AAD Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Natalia Lauri
- Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini", Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 956, C1113AAD Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Cátedra de Química Analítica, Junín 956, C1113AAD Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariano A Ostuni
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, INSERM, BIGR, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Pablo J Schwarzbaum
- Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini", Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 956, C1113AAD Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Cátedra de Química Analítica, Junín 956, C1113AAD Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Jin Q, Yao C, Bian Y, Pi J. Pb-Induced Eryptosis May Provoke Thrombosis Prior to Hemolysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137008. [PMID: 35806011 PMCID: PMC9266547 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a common metal, which can be toxic to the human body via the pollution of water or food, and can cause anemia and other diseases. However, what happens before hemolysis and anemia caused by Pb poisoning is unclear. Here, we demonstrated Pb can cause procoagulant activity of erythroid cells leading to thrombosis before hemolysis. In freshly isolated human erythroid cells, we observed that Pb resulted in hemolysis in both concentration- and time-dependent manners, but that no lysis occurred in Pb-exposed erythroid cells (≤20 μM for 1 h). Pb treatment did not cause shape changes at up to 0.5 h incubation but at 1 h incubation echinocyte and echino-spherocyte shape changes were observed, indicating that Pb can exaggerate a concentration- and time-dependent trend of shape changes in erythroid cells. After Pb treatment, ROS-independent eryptosis was shown with no increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS), but with an increase of [Ca2+]i and caspase 3 activity. With a thrombosis mouse model, we observed increased thrombus by Pb treatment (0 or 25 mg/kg). In brief, prior to hemolysis, we demonstrated Pb can cause ROS-independent but [Ca2+]i-dependent eryptosis, which might provoke thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yiying Bian
- Correspondence: or (Y.B.); (J.P.); Tel.: +86-24-31900986 (Y.B.)
| | - Jingbo Pi
- Correspondence: or (Y.B.); (J.P.); Tel.: +86-24-31900986 (Y.B.)
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Chu Y, Guo H, Zhang Y, Qiao R. Procoagulant platelets: Generation, characteristics, and therapeutic target. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23750. [PMID: 33709517 PMCID: PMC8128296 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets play a pivotal role in hemostasis. Activated platelets are classified into two groups, according to their agonist response: aggregating and procoagulant platelets. Aggregating platelets consist of activated integrin αIIbβ3 and stretch out pseudopods to further attract platelets to the site of injury by connecting with fibrinogen. They mainly gather in the core of the thrombus and perform a secretory function, such as releasing adenosine diphosphate (ADP). Procoagulant platelets promote the formation of thrombin and fibrin by interacting with coagulation factors and can thus be considered as the connector between primary and secondary hemostasis. In addition to their functions in blood coagulation, procoagulant platelets play a proinflammatory role by releasing platelet microparticles and inorganic polyphosphate. Considering these important functions of procoagulant platelets, this subpopulation warrants detailed study to analyze their potential in preventing human diseases. This review summarizes the generation and important characteristics of procoagulant platelets, as well as their potential for preventing the adverse effects associated with current antiplatelet therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Chu
- The Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Han Guo
- The Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuncong Zhang
- The Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Qiao
- The Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Cytotoxic Escherichia coli strains encoding colibactin, cytotoxic necrotizing factor, and cytolethal distending toxin colonize laboratory common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). Sci Rep 2021; 11:2309. [PMID: 33504843 PMCID: PMC7841143 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80000-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclomodulins are virulence factors that modulate cellular differentiation, apoptosis, and proliferation. These include colibactin (pks), cytotoxic necrotizing factor (cnf), and cytolethal distending toxin (cdt). Pathogenic pks+, cnf+, and cdt+ E. coli strains are associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer in humans and animals. Captive marmosets are frequently afflicted with IBD-like disease, and its association with cyclomodulins is unknown. Cyclomodulin-encoding E. coli rectal isolates were characterized using PCR-based assays in healthy and clinically affected marmosets originating from three different captive sources. 139 E. coli isolates were cultured from 122 of 143 marmosets. The pks gene was detected in 56 isolates (40%), cnf in 47 isolates (34%), and cdt in 1 isolate (0.7%). The prevalences of pks+ and cnf+ E. coli isolates were significantly different between the three marmoset colonies. 98% of cyclomodulin-positive E. coli belonged to phylogenetic group B2. Representative isolates demonstrated cyclomodulin cytotoxicity, and serotyping and whole genome sequencing were consistent with pathogenic E. coli strains. However, the presence of pks+, cnf+, or cdt+ E. coli did not correlate with clinical gastrointestinal disease in marmosets. Cyclomodulin-encoding E. coli colonize laboratory common marmosets in a manner dependent on the source, potentially impacting reproducibility in marmoset models.
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