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Borkúti P, Kristó I, Szabó A, Kovács Z, Vilmos P. FERM domain-containing proteins are active components of the cell nucleus. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302489. [PMID: 38296350 PMCID: PMC10830384 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The FERM domain is a conserved and widespread protein module that appeared in the common ancestor of amoebae, fungi, and animals, and is therefore now found in a wide variety of species. The primary function of the FERM domain is localizing to the plasma membrane through binding lipids and proteins of the membrane; thus, for a long time, FERM domain-containing proteins (FDCPs) were considered exclusively cytoskeletal. Although their role in the cytoplasm has been extensively studied, the recent discovery of the presence and importance of cytoskeletal proteins in the nucleus suggests that FDCPs might also play an important role in nuclear function. In this review, we collected data on their nuclear localization, transport, and possible functions, which are still scattered throughout the literature, with special regard to the role of the FERM domain in these processes. With this, we would like to draw attention to the exciting, new dimension of the role of FDCPs, their nuclear activity, which could be an interesting novel direction for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anikó Szabó
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Kovács
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Multidisciplinary Medical Science, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Vilmos
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
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Zhang Z, Gao X, Tian Z, Yang E, Huang Y, Liu D, Dai S, Zhang H, Bao M, Jiang X, Li X, Luo P. Preso enhances mGluR1-mediated excitotoxicity by modulating the phosphorylation of mGluR1-Homer1 complex and facilitating an ER stress after traumatic brain injury. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:153. [PMID: 38531909 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01916-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutamate receptor (GluR)-mediated excitotoxicity is an important mechanism causing delayed neuronal injury after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Preso, as a core scaffolding protein of postsynaptic density (PSD), is considered an important regulator during excitotoxicity and TBI and combines with glutamate receptors to form functional units for excitatory glutamatergic neurotransmission, and elucidating the mechanisms of these functional units will provide new targets for the treatment of TBI. As a multidomain scaffolding protein, Preso directly interacts with metabotropic GluR (mGluR) and another scaffold protein, Homer. Because the mGluR-Homer complex plays a crucial role in TBI, modulation of this complex by Preso may be an important mechanism affecting the excitotoxic damage to neurons after TBI. Here, we demonstrate that Preso facilitates the interaction between metabotropic mGluR1 and Homer1 to activate mGluR1 signaling and cause excitotoxic neuronal injury and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress after TBI. The regulatory effect of Preso on the mGluR1-Homer1 complex is dependent on the direct association between Preso and this complex and also involves the phosphorylation of the interactive binding sites of mGluR1 and Homer1 by Preso. Further studies confirmed that Preso, as an adaptor of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), promotes the phosphorylation of the Homer1-binding site on mGluR1 by CDK5 and thereby enhances the interaction between mGluR1 and Homer1. Preso can also promote the formation of the mGluR1-Homer1 complex by inhibiting the phosphorylation of the Homer1 hinge region by Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIα (CaMKIIα). Based on these molecular mechanisms, we designed several blocking peptides targeting the interaction between Preso and the mGluR1-Homer1 complex and found that directly disrupting the association between mGluR1 and scaffolding proteins significantly promotes the recovery of motor function after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- School of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiangyu Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhicheng Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Erwan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yutao Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- School of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuhui Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haofuzi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingdong Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaofan Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Li RK, Li H, Tian MQ, Li Y, Luo S, Liang XY, Liu WH, Li BM, Shi XQ, Li J, Li B, Shu XM. Investigation of FRMPD4 variants associated with X-linked epilepsy. Seizure 2024; 116:45-50. [PMID: 37330374 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2023.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiology of unexplained epilepsy in most patients remains unclear. Variants of FRMPD4 are suggested to be associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. Therefore, we screened for disease-causing FRMPD4 variants in patients with epilepsy. METHODS Trios-based whole-exome sequencing was conducted on a cohort of 85 patients with unexplained epilepsy, their parents, and extended family members. Additional cases with FRMPD4 variants were identified from the China Epilepsy Gene Matching Platform V.1.0. The frequency of variants was analyzed, and their subregional effects were predicted using in silico tools. The genotype-phenotype correlation of the newly defined causative genes and protein stability were analyzed using I-Mutant V.3.0 and Grantham scores. RESULTS Two novel missense variants of FRMPD4 were identified in two families. Using the gene matching platform, we identified three additional novel missense variants. These variants presented at low or no allele frequencies in the gnomAD database. All the variants were located outside the three FRMPD4 main domains (WW, PDZ, and FERM). In silico analyses revealed that the variants were damaging and were predicted to be the least stable. All patients eventually became seizure-free. Eight of the 21 patients with FRMPD4 variants had epilepsy, of which five (63%) had missense variants located outside the domains, two had deletions involving exon 2, and one had a frameshift variant located outside the domains. Patients with epilepsy caused by missense variants were often free of intellectual disabilities (4/5), whereas patients with epilepsy caused by truncated variants had intellectual disabilities and structural brain abnormalities (3/3). CONCLUSIONS The FRMPD4 gene is potentially associated with epilepsy. The genotype-phenotype correlation of FRMPD4 variants indicated that differences in variant types and locations of FRMPD4 may explain their phenotypic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Ke Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Children's Hospital of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Huan Li
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Mao-Qiang Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Children's Hospital of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Brain Function and Neuroelectrophysiology, the Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421002, China
| | - Sheng Luo
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Liang
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Wen-Hui Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Bin-Mei Li
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Xiao-Qi Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Children's Hospital of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Children's Hospital of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China.
| | - Xiao-Mei Shu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Children's Hospital of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563003, China.
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Bockaert J, Perroy J, Ango F. The Complex Formed by Group I Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor (mGluR) and Homer1a Plays a Central Role in Metaplasticity and Homeostatic Synaptic Scaling. J Neurosci 2021; 41:5567-5578. [PMID: 34193623 PMCID: PMC8244974 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0026-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors can be constitutively activated following physical interaction with intracellular proteins. The first example described was the constitutive activation of Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR: mGluR1,5) following their interaction with Homer1a, an activity-inducible early-termination variant of the scaffolding protein Homer that lacks dimerization capacity (Ango et al., 2001). Homer1a disrupts the links, maintained by the long form of Homer (cross-linking Homers), between mGluR1,5 and the Shank-GKAP-PSD-95-ionotropic glutamate receptor network. Two characteristics of the constitutive activation of the Group I mGluR-Homer1a complex are particularly interesting: (1) it affects a large number of synapses in which Homer1a is upregulated following enhanced, long-lasting neuronal activity; and (2) it mainly depends on Homer1a protein turnover. The constitutively active Group I mGluR-Homer1a complex is involved in the two main forms of non-Hebbian neuronal plasticity: "metaplasticity" and "homeostatic synaptic scaling," which are implicated in a large series of physiological and pathologic processes. Those include non-Hebbian plasticity observed in visual system, synapses modulated by addictive drugs (rewarded synapses), chronically overactivated synaptic networks, normal sleep, and sleep deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joël Bockaert
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université Montpellier, Center National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Julie Perroy
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université Montpellier, Center National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Fabrice Ango
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Center National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 34295 Montpellier, France
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