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Zhou L, Mei J, Cao R, Liu X, Fu B, Ma M, Gong B, Luo L, Liu Y, Zhu Q, Meng X. Integrative analysis identifies AKAP8L as an immunological and prognostic biomarker of pan-cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:8851-8872. [PMID: 37683130 PMCID: PMC10522372 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
A-kinase anchoring protein 8L (AKAP8L) belong to the A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) family. Recent studies have proved that AKAP8L is associated with the progression of various tumors. To establish a more complete understanding of the significance of AKAP8L across various types of cancers, we conducted a detailed analysis of multiple histological datasets, including the level of gene expression in pancancer, biological function, molecular characteristics, as well as the diagnostic and prognostic value of AKAP8L in pancancer. Furthermore, we focused on renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), and of explored the correlation of AKAP8L with clinical characteristics, prognosis of distinct patient subsets, co-expression genes and differentially expressed genes (DEG). We also performed the immunohistochemical staining and semi-quantitative verification of the monoclonal antibody established by AKAP8L. Our findings indicate that AKAP8L expression varied significantly not only across most cancer types, but also across different cancer molecules and immune subtypes. In addition, the robust ability to accurately predict cancer and its strong correlation with the prognosis of cancer strongly suggest that AKAP8L may be a potential biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Furthermore, the high expression levels of AKAP8L were related to the worse overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS) as well as progression-free interval (PFI) of KIRC with statistical significance, especially among distinct clinical subgroups of KIRC. To sum up, AKAP8L has the potential to serve as a critical molecular biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of pancancer, an independent prognostic risk factor of KIRC, and a novel molecular target for cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Jinhong Mei
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Runfu Cao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Bin Fu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Ming Ma
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Binbin Gong
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Lianmin Luo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Yifu Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Qiqi Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Meng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P.R. China
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Luther DC, Lee YW, Nagaraj H, Clark V, Jeon T, Goswami R, Gopalakrishnan S, Fedeli S, Jerome W, Elia JL, Rotello VM. Cytosolic Protein Delivery Using Modular Biotin-Streptavidin Assembly of Nanocomposites. ACS NANO 2022; 16:7323-7330. [PMID: 35435664 PMCID: PMC10586328 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c06768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Current strategies for the delivery of proteins into cells face general challenges of endosomal entrapment and concomitant degradation of protein cargo. Efficient delivery directly to the cytosol overcomes this obstacle: we report here the use of biotin-streptavidin tethering to provide a modular approach to the generation of nanovectors capable of a cytosolic delivery of biotinylated proteins. This strategy uses streptavidin to organize biotinylated protein and biotinylated oligo(glutamate) peptide into modular complexes that are then electrostatically self-assembled with a cationic guanidinium-functionalized polymer. The resulting polymer-protein nanocomposites demonstrate efficient cytosolic delivery of six biotinylated protein cargos of varying size, charge, and quaternary structure. Retention of protein function was established through efficient cell killing via delivery of the chemotherapeutic enzyme granzyme A. This platform represents a versatile and modular approach to intracellular delivery through the noncovalent tethering of multiple components into a single delivery vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C. Luther
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Yi-Wei Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Harini Nagaraj
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Vincent Clark
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Taewon Jeon
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Ritabrita Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Sanjana Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Stefano Fedeli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - William Jerome
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - James L. Elia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
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A multiscale model of the regulation of aquaporin 2 recycling. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2022; 8:16. [PMID: 35534498 PMCID: PMC9085758 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-022-00223-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The response of cells to their environment is driven by a variety of proteins and messenger molecules. In eukaryotes, their distribution and location in the cell are regulated by the vesicular transport system. The transport of aquaporin 2 between membrane and storage region is a crucial part of the water reabsorption in renal principal cells, and its malfunction can lead to Diabetes insipidus. To understand the regulation of this system, we aggregated pathways and mechanisms from literature and derived three models in a hypothesis-driven approach. Furthermore, we combined the models to a single system to gain insight into key regulatory mechanisms of Aquaporin 2 recycling. To achieve this, we developed a multiscale computational framework for the modeling and simulation of cellular systems. The analysis of the system rationalizes that the compartmentalization of cAMP in renal principal cells is a result of the protein kinase A signalosome and can only occur if specific cellular components are observed in conjunction. Endocytotic and exocytotic processes are inherently connected and can be regulated by the same protein kinase A signal.
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Wordeman L, Vicente JJ. Microtubule Targeting Agents in Disease: Classic Drugs, Novel Roles. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225650. [PMID: 34830812 PMCID: PMC8616087 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) represent one of the most successful first-line therapies prescribed for cancer treatment. They interfere with microtubule (MT) dynamics by either stabilizing or destabilizing MTs, and in culture, they are believed to kill cells via apoptosis after eliciting mitotic arrest, among other mechanisms. This classical view of MTA therapies persisted for many years. However, the limited success of drugs specifically targeting mitotic proteins, and the slow growing rate of most human tumors forces a reevaluation of the mechanism of action of MTAs. Studies from the last decade suggest that the killing efficiency of MTAs arises from a combination of interphase and mitotic effects. Moreover, MTs have also been implicated in other therapeutically relevant activities, such as decreasing angiogenesis, blocking cell migration, reducing metastasis, and activating innate immunity to promote proinflammatory responses. Two key problems associated with MTA therapy are acquired drug resistance and systemic toxicity. Accordingly, novel and effective MTAs are being designed with an eye toward reducing toxicity without compromising efficacy or promoting resistance. Here, we will review the mechanism of action of MTAs, the signaling pathways they affect, their impact on cancer and other illnesses, and the promising new therapeutic applications of these classic drugs.
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Gopalan J, Omar MH, Roy A, Cruz NM, Falcone J, Jones KN, Forbush KA, Himmelfarb J, Freedman BS, Scott JD. Targeting an anchored phosphatase-deacetylase unit restores renal ciliary homeostasis. eLife 2021; 10:e67828. [PMID: 34250905 PMCID: PMC8291974 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathophysiological defects in water homeostasis can lead to renal failure. Likewise, common genetic disorders associated with abnormal cytoskeletal dynamics in the kidney collecting ducts and perturbed calcium and cAMP signaling in the ciliary compartment contribute to chronic kidney failure. We show that collecting ducts in mice lacking the A-Kinase anchoring protein AKAP220 exhibit enhanced development of primary cilia. Mechanistic studies reveal that AKAP220-associated protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) mediates this phenotype by promoting changes in the stability of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) with concomitant defects in actin dynamics. This proceeds through a previously unrecognized adaptor function for PP1 as all ciliogenesis and cytoskeletal phenotypes are recapitulated in mIMCD3 knock-in cells expressing a phosphatase-targeting defective AKAP220-ΔPP1 mutant. Pharmacological blocking of local HDAC6 activity alters cilia development and reduces cystogenesis in kidney-on-chip and organoid models. These findings identify the AKAP220-PPI-HDAC6 pathway as a key effector in primary cilia development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janani Gopalan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Mitchell H Omar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Ankita Roy
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Nelly M Cruz
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Jerome Falcone
- Department of Pharmacology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Kiana N Jones
- Department of Pharmacology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | | | - Jonathan Himmelfarb
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Benjamin S Freedman
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - John D Scott
- Department of Pharmacology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
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