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Moosavizadeh A, Motallebi M, Jahromi ZM, Mekuto L. Cloning and heterologous expression of Fusarium oxysporum nitrilase gene in Escherichia coli and evaluation in cyanide degradation. Enzyme Microb Technol 2024; 174:110389. [PMID: 38134733 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Cyanide is widely utilized in the extraction of precious metal extraction even though it has been deemed as the most toxic compound. Fusarium oxysporum has been shown to degrade cyanide through the activity of the Nitrilase enzyme. In this study, the coding sequence of nitrilase gene from F. oxysporum genomic DNA was optimized for cloning and expression in E. coli. The pUC57 containing synthetic optimized nitrilase gene was transferred into E. coli DH5α strain. This nitrilase gene was sub-cloned into pET26b (+) expression vector containing an in-built His-tag at the C-terminal end to facilitate its purification. The recombinant plasmid, pETAM1, was confirmed by PCR, digestion pattern, and sequencing. The recombinant protein was overproduced in E. coli BL21 (DE3). The results of the SDS-PAGE pattern and Western blot analysis confirmed the expression of the expected recombinant protein. For expression optimization of Nitrilase protein, M16 orthogonal experimental design of the Taguchi method was used. The effect of induction time, temperature and IPTG concentration were examined using four levels for each factors. Estimation of the amount of the expressed protein was calculated via densitometry on SDS-PAGE. The enzyme activity and expression in E. coli proved to be successful since there was ammonia production when potassium cyanide and acrylonitrile were used as substrates while the highest enzyme activity of 88% was expressed at 30 °C. The Km and Vm values of the expressed Nitrilase enzyme were determined to be 0.68 mM and 0.48 mM/min respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azamsadat Moosavizadeh
- Department of Plant Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology (IAB), NIGEB, 14965/161, Tehran, the Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mostafa Motallebi
- Department of Plant Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology (IAB), NIGEB, 14965/161, Tehran, the Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Zahra Moghaddassi Jahromi
- Department of Plant Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology (IAB), NIGEB, 14965/161, Tehran, the Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Lukhanyo Mekuto
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa.
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Case Files from the University of California San Diego Health System Fellowship Coma and Severe Acidosis: Remember to Consider Acetaminophen. J Med Toxicol 2016; 11:368-76. [PMID: 26153488 DOI: 10.1007/s13181-015-0492-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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XIX.—The Effect of the Inhibition of Respiration and Assimilation on the Diatom Ditylum Brightwelli (West). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1017/s037016460002023x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Ditylum Brightwelli, a marine plankton diatom, shows very peculiar osmotic relations which have recently been investigated by Gross (1939). The cells (fig. 1) consist of a central mass of protoplasm containing the nucleus and connected by a few protoplasmic strands with the peripheral plasma membrane in which are embedded numerous chromatophores. The remainder of the space inside the cell is filled with cell sap. As in other diatoms, the protoplast is enclosed by a siliceous cell wall. Gross found that Ditylum plasmolyses rapidly in isotonic and hypotonic NaCl and sugar solutions, being reduced in a few seconds to a small spherical body about one-third to one-twentieth of its original volume, similar in all respects to a resting spore. In a solution of NaCl + CaCl2, and in unbuffered artificial sea-water, plasmolysis occurs in all cells, but the process is considerably delayed and completed only after several hours. In artificial sea-water, the pH of which is adjusted to about 8, the cells remain unchanged.
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Barron ES. THE CATALYTIC EFFECT OF METHYLENE BLUE ON THE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF TUMORS AND NORMAL TISSUES. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 52:447-56. [PMID: 19869777 PMCID: PMC2131874 DOI: 10.1084/jem.52.3.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
1. Methylene blue has no catalytic effect on the oxygen consumption of those normal adult tissues which do not possess aerobic glycolysis. The dye increases the oxygen consumption of these tissues when their respiration has been inhibited by the addition of KCN and their fermentative power thus brought into action. 2. Methylene blue increases the oxygen consumption of normal tissues having aerobic glycolysis, and of tumors. 3. The effect of methylene blue is roughly proportional to the fermentative power of tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Barron
- Chemical Division, Medical Clinic, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore
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von Brand T, Johnson EM, Rees CW. OBSERVATIONS ON THE RESPIRATION OF TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI IN CULTURE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 30:163-75. [PMID: 19873484 PMCID: PMC2142820 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.30.2.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
1. The oxygen consumption of cultural forms of Trypanosoma cruzi decreases in intensity with increasing age of the cultures; no correlation with any other factor studied could be established. 2. The respiratory quotient was high for the first 10 days, i.e. as long as the population increased; with the onset of a decline in numbers, the R.Q. began to drop. It is believed that the flagellates consume in the beginning predominantly sugar and later predominantly protein. Observations on the pH of the cultures bear out this view. 3. The oxygen consumption was independent of the oxygen tension over a wide range of tensions. 4. The oxygen consumption increased in the temperature range 13° to 40°C., while a temperature of 44°C. proved to be lethal. Upon application of Arrhenius' equation, two straight lines, intersecting at about 28°C., resulted. The µ values were 23,980 and 5275 for the lower and higher temperature range respectively. 5. Of the oxidase inhibitors tested, strong inhibition of the oxygen consumption was achieved with azide, cyanide, and hydrogen sulfide. Pyrophosphate had no influence at all. There is some probability that cytochrome oxidase is the chief oxidase present. 6. The strongest inhibitory influence due to dehydrogenase inhibitors was observed with propyl carbamate and high concentrations of ethyl carbamate. 7. A small fraction of the oxygen consumption, about 10 per cent, may be due to substances with sulfhydryl groups, as indicated by a slight but distinct inhibition due to dilute iodoacetate and to arsenite.
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Affiliation(s)
- T von Brand
- Department of Biology, Catholic University of America, Washington, D. C., and the Zoology Laboratory, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service, Bethesda
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Shoup CS, Boykin JT. THE INSENSITIVITY OF PARAMECIUM TO CYANIDE AND EFFECTS OF IRON ON RESPIRATION. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 15:107-18. [PMID: 19872623 PMCID: PMC2141140 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.15.1.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
1. The effects of KCN and iron salts on oxygen consumption has been studied in the cell of Paramecium caudatum by manometric methods. 2. KCN solutions of strengths from M/200 to M/10,000 have been shown to produce no decrease in oxygen consumption, but have in most cases produced a very slight increase in the respiration rate. 3. The pH values were found to have little or no effect on these results. 4. Iron salts produce either no effect or a great diminution of oxygen consumption, in no case causing stimulation of rates of respiration. 5. Iron salts in neutral solutions do not penetrate the Paramecium cell nor do they cause so marked an effect as in an acid state. 6. The iron-content of Paramecium was found to be extremely small and not demonstrable by delicate tests. It is believed that iron is not combined in the cell in the form of a respiration-catalyst sensitive to cyanide.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Shoup
- Physiological Laboratory, Department of Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville
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Reuben A. Splendid isolation. Hepatology 2006; 44:1365-70. [PMID: 17058220 DOI: 10.1002/hep.21417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Reuben
- Division of GI/Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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Greig ME, Munro MP. Some effects of pyrophosphate on the metabolism of tissues. Biochem J 2006; 33:143-8. [PMID: 16746891 PMCID: PMC1264350 DOI: 10.1042/bj0330143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M E Greig
- The Biochemical Research Foundation of the Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, Pa
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Krebs HA, Eggleston LV. The effect of insulin on oxidations in isolated muscle tissue. Biochem J 2006; 32:913-25. [PMID: 16746703 PMCID: PMC1264124 DOI: 10.1042/bj0320913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H A Krebs
- The Department of Biochemistry, University of Sheffield
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Dixon M, Elliott KA. The use of the Barcroft apparatus for the measurement of tissue respiration. Biochem J 2006; 24:820-33. [PMID: 16744422 PMCID: PMC1254523 DOI: 10.1042/bj0240820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Dixon
- The Biochemical Laboratory, Cambridge
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Dickens F, Simer F. The metabolism of normal and tumour tissue: The respiratory quotient in bicarbonate-media. Biochem J 2006; 25:985-93. [PMID: 16744705 PMCID: PMC1260720 DOI: 10.1042/bj0250985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Dickens
- The Courtauld Institute of Biochemistry, Middlesex Hospital, London, W. 1
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Peters RA, Sinclair HM. Studies in avian carbohydrate metabolism: Factors influencing the maintenance of respiration in surviving brain tissue of the normal pigeon. Biochem J 2006; 27:1677-86. [PMID: 16745285 PMCID: PMC1253081 DOI: 10.1042/bj0271677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Peters RA, Sinclair HM. Studies in avian carbohydrate metabolism: Further studies upon the action of catatorulin in brain. Biochem J 2006; 27:1910-26. [PMID: 16745318 PMCID: PMC1253118 DOI: 10.1042/bj0271910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- L B Pett
- The Biochemical Laboratory, Cambridge
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Laser H. A critical analysis of the tissue slice method in manometric experiments: Effect of variations in O(2)- and CO(2)-tension. Biochem J 2006; 36:319-35. [PMID: 16747529 PMCID: PMC1265698 DOI: 10.1042/bj0360319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Laser
- The Molteno Institute, University of Cambridge
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Ashford CA, Holmes EG. Further observations on the oxidation of lactic acid by brain tissue. Biochem J 2006; 25:2028-49. [PMID: 16744775 PMCID: PMC1260841 DOI: 10.1042/bj0252028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C A Ashford
- The Biochemical and Pharmacological Laboratories, Cambridge
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Chiu CY, Needham DM. The effect of adrenal cortical preparations added in vitro upon the carbohydrate metabolism of liver slices. 1. The effect of adrenal cortical extract (eschatin) upon synthesis of glycogen and of total carbohydrate. Biochem J 2006; 46:114-20. [PMID: 16748626 PMCID: PMC1275091 DOI: 10.1042/bj0460114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Y Chiu
- Biochemical Laboratory, University of Cambridge
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Holmes EG, Ashford CA. Lactic acid oxidation in brain with reference to the "Meyerhof cycle.". Biochem J 2006; 24:1119-27. [PMID: 16744437 PMCID: PMC1254611 DOI: 10.1042/bj0241119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E G Holmes
- The Pharmacological and Biochemical Laboratories, Cambridge
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Elliott KA, Baker Z. The respiratory quotients of normal and tumour tissue. Biochem J 2006; 29:2433-41. [PMID: 16745924 PMCID: PMC1266780 DOI: 10.1042/bj0292433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K A Elliott
- The Cancer Research Laboratories, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
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Potter VR, Elvehjem CA. The effect of selenium on cellular metabolism. The rate of oxygen uptake by living yeast in the presence of sodium selenite. Biochem J 2006; 30:189-96. [PMID: 16746002 PMCID: PMC1263381 DOI: 10.1042/bj0300189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V R Potter
- The Department of Agricultural Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, U.S.A
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Keilin D, Hartree EF. Activity of the succinic dehydrogenase-cytochrome system in different tissue preparations. Biochem J 2006; 44:205-18. [PMID: 16748500 PMCID: PMC1274836 DOI: 10.1042/bj0440205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Keilin
- Molteno Institute, University of Cambridge
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Affiliation(s)
- E Baldwin
- The Biochemical Laboratory, Cambridge
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Affiliation(s)
- L B Pett
- The Biochemical Institute, University of Stockholm, Sweden
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Affiliation(s)
- E G Holmes
- The Pharmacological Laboratory, Cambridge
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Elvehjem CA. Factors affecting the catalytic action of copper in the oxidation of cysteine. Biochem J 2006; 24:415-26. [PMID: 16744381 PMCID: PMC1254440 DOI: 10.1042/bj0240415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Friedheim EA. The effect of pyocyanine on the respiration of some normal tissues and tumours. Biochem J 2006; 28:173-9. [PMID: 16745351 PMCID: PMC1253170 DOI: 10.1042/bj0280173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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HIGTON DI, JAMES DW. The effect of potassium cyanide on wound contraction, studied in vitro. Br J Surg 2005; 51:698-701. [PMID: 14222577 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.1800510913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
The rapid suppression of CNS function produced by cyanide (CN) was studied by field, intracellular, and whole-cell recording in hippocampal slices (at 33-34 degrees C). Population spikes and field EPSPs were depressed by 4-5 min bath applications of 50-100 microM CN (IC50 was 18 miroM for spikes and 72 microM for EPSPs). The actions of CN were reversibly suppressed by the adenosine antagonists 8-sulfophenyltheophylline (8-SPT; 10 microM) and 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (DPCPX; 0.2 microM), potentiated by the adenosine transport inhibitor dipyridamole (0.5 microM), but unaffected by the KATP channel blocker glyburide (10 microM). Therefore the CN-induced reductions of synaptic efficacy and postsynaptic excitability-demonstrated by synaptic input:output plots-are mediated mainly by adenosine. In whole-cell or intracellular recordings, CN depressed EPSCs and elicited an increase in input conductance and an outward current, the reversal potential of which was approximately -90 mV (indicating that K+ was the major carrier). These effects also were attenuated by 8-SPT. In the presence of 1 mM Ba, CN had no significant postsynaptic action; Cs (2 mM) also prevented CN-induced outward currents but only partly blocked the increase in conductance. Another 8-SPT-sensitive action of CN was to depress hyperpolarization-activated slow inward relaxations (Q current). At room temperature (22-24 degrees C), although it did not change holding current and slow inward relaxations, CN raised the input conductance; this effect also was prevented by 8-SPT (10 microM), but not by glyburide (10 microM). Adenosine release thus appears to be the major link between acute CN poisoning and early depression of CNS synaptic function.
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Zhu PJ, Krnjević K. Adenosine release mediates cyanide-induced suppression of CA1 neuronal activity. J Neurosci 1997; 17:2355-64. [PMID: 9065496 PMCID: PMC6573493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid suppression of CNS function produced by cyanide (CN) was studied by field, intracellular, and whole-cell recording in hippocampal slices (at 33-34 degrees C). Population spikes and field EPSPs were depressed by 4-5 min bath applications of 50-100 microM CN (IC50 was 18 miroM for spikes and 72 microM for EPSPs). The actions of CN were reversibly suppressed by the adenosine antagonists 8-sulfophenyltheophylline (8-SPT; 10 microM) and 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (DPCPX; 0.2 microM), potentiated by the adenosine transport inhibitor dipyridamole (0.5 microM), but unaffected by the KATP channel blocker glyburide (10 microM). Therefore the CN-induced reductions of synaptic efficacy and postsynaptic excitability-demonstrated by synaptic input:output plots-are mediated mainly by adenosine. In whole-cell or intracellular recordings, CN depressed EPSCs and elicited an increase in input conductance and an outward current, the reversal potential of which was approximately -90 mV (indicating that K+ was the major carrier). These effects also were attenuated by 8-SPT. In the presence of 1 mM Ba, CN had no significant postsynaptic action; Cs (2 mM) also prevented CN-induced outward currents but only partly blocked the increase in conductance. Another 8-SPT-sensitive action of CN was to depress hyperpolarization-activated slow inward relaxations (Q current). At room temperature (22-24 degrees C), although it did not change holding current and slow inward relaxations, CN raised the input conductance; this effect also was prevented by 8-SPT (10 microM), but not by glyburide (10 microM). Adenosine release thus appears to be the major link between acute CN poisoning and early depression of CNS synaptic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Zhu
- Anesthesia Research and Physiology Departments, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3G 1Y6
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Pettersen JC, Cohen SD. The effects of cyanide on brain mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase and respiratory activities. J Appl Toxicol 1993; 13:9-14. [PMID: 8382715 DOI: 10.1002/jat.2550130104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Brain mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase and respiratory activities were compared after in vivo and in vitro exposure to cyanide. For the in vivo studies, mice were exposed to a non-lethal (4 mg kg-1) or lethal (20 mg kg-1) dose of KCN. From these mice, purified brain mitochondria were prepared and cytochrome oxidase and respiratory activities measured. Results of these experiments revealed greater inhibition of cytochrome oxidase activity following a lethal (20 mg kg-1) than a non-lethal (4 mg kg-1) KCN dose (57 and 45% inhibition, respectively). Respiration states 3 and 4 of brain mitochondria prepared from mice that received 4 mg kg-1 KCN were inhibited by 15 and 20%, respectively. In mice that received a lethal 20 mg kg-1 KCN dose, respiration states 3 and 4 were each inhibited by ca. 30% (P < 0.05). In vitro, mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase activity was inhibited in a concentration-dependent fashion at cyanide concentrations of 10(-6)-10(-2) M. A biphasic inhibition of ADP-stimulated (state 3) respiration was observed. Cyanide concentrations of 10(-6)-10(-4) M produced only a 25% inhibition of respiration state 3, whereas 10(-3) M produced 80% inhibition. Because this dramatic inhibition only occurred at cyanide concentrations that caused > 50% inhibition of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase activity, these findings suggest that a large proportion of cytochrome oxidase activity may be functional reserve and that cyanide poisoning likely involves other mechanisms in addition to inhibition of cytochrome oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Pettersen
- Toxicology Program, University of Connecticut, School of Pharmacy, Storrs 06269
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Intensity of respiration and phospholipid metabolism in isolated rat brain tissue at different temperatures in the presence of KCN. Bull Exp Biol Med 1975. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00832709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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McKercher TC, Fisher AK. Effect of amobarbital on oxygen consumption in bovine dental pulp. J Dent Res 1971; 50:498-501. [PMID: 5290889 DOI: 10.1177/00220345710500026401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory inhibition by amobarbital, and by the combined action of amobarbital and cyanide, was measured in bovine dental pulp slices. The oxygen consumption rate was depressed by approximately 85% under both conditions, and it is believed that this represents almost the entire portion devoted to respiratory processes. Since a prior study showed that approximately 59% of pulpal oxygen consumption was used in cyanide-sensitive respiration, it is concluded that approximately 26% is consumed in cyanide-stable respiration. A significant portion of the remaining 15% may be involved in the hydroxylation of proline necessary for collagen synthesis in dentinogenesis.
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Yamamoto C, Kurokawa M. Synaptic potentials recorded in brain slices and their modification by changes in the level of tissue ATP. Exp Brain Res 1970; 10:159-70. [PMID: 4314011 DOI: 10.1007/bf00234729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Abstract
Respiratory inhibition by cyanide was measured in bovine dental pulp slices and in bovine kidney cortex slices. Although inhibition in kidney slices was approximately 80%, inhibition in dental pulp was about 60%. The lower level of respiratory inhibition in pulp by cyanide is indicative of a lower concentration of cytochrome oxidase in this tissue. This is compatible with previously observed metabolic characteristics suggestive of a less highly developed respiratory mechanism in dental pulp.
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WOHLRAB F. Histochemische Untersuchungen zur Frage der Reduktion von Tetrazoliumverbindungen im Xanthindehydrogenase-System. Histochem Cell Biol 1961; 2:359-71. [PMID: 14007852 DOI: 10.1007/bf00848041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Vergleichend experimentelle Untersuchungen �ber den Stoffwechsel des isolierten lebenden Kiemengewebes von Regenbogenforelle (Trutta iridea W. Gibb.) und D�bel (Squalius cephalus L.). J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 1957. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00298149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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KUSUNOSE E, KUSUNOSE M, NAGAI S, YAMAMURA Y. Succinic dehydrogenase in the particulate fraction of Mycobacterium avium. J Bacteriol 1956; 72:754-61. [PMID: 13398361 PMCID: PMC357999 DOI: 10.1128/jb.72.6.754-761.1956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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WAINIO WW, COOPERSTEIN SJ. Some controversial aspects of the mammalian cytochromes. ADVANCES IN ENZYMOLOGY AND RELATED SUBJECTS OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1956; 17:329-92. [PMID: 13313313 DOI: 10.1002/9780470122624.ch8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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