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Moya-García AA, Pino-Ángeles A, Sánchez-Jiménez F, Urdiales JL, Medina MÁ. Histamine, Metabolic Remodelling and Angiogenesis: A Systems Level Approach. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030415. [PMID: 33799732 PMCID: PMC8000605 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Histamine is a highly pleiotropic biogenic amine involved in key physiological processes including neurotransmission, immune response, nutrition, and cell growth and differentiation. Its effects, sometimes contradictory, are mediated by at least four different G-protein coupled receptors, which expression and signalling pathways are tissue-specific. Histamine metabolism conforms a very complex network that connect many metabolic processes important for homeostasis, including nitrogen and energy metabolism. This review brings together and analyses the current information on the relationships of the "histamine system" with other important metabolic modules in human physiology, aiming to bridge current information gaps. In this regard, the molecular characterization of the role of histamine in the modulation of angiogenesis-mediated processes, such as cancer, makes a promising research field for future biomedical advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelio A. Moya-García
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (A.A.M.-G.); (M.Á.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Almudena Pino-Ángeles
- Unidad de Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisca Sánchez-Jiménez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
| | - José Luis Urdiales
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (A.A.M.-G.); (M.Á.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-9521-37285
| | - Miguel Ángel Medina
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (A.A.M.-G.); (M.Á.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
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Davies S, Ballesteros-Merino C, Allen NA, Porch MW, Pruitt ME, Christensen KH, Rosenberg MJ, Savage DD. Impact of moderate prenatal alcohol exposure on histaminergic neurons, histidine decarboxylase levels and histamine H 2 receptors in adult rat offspring. Alcohol 2019; 76:47-57. [PMID: 30557779 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
We have reported that moderate prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) elevates histamine H3 receptor-mediated inhibition of glutamatergic neurotransmission in dentate gyrus (DG), and that the H3 receptor antagonist ABT-239 ameliorates PAE-induced deficits in DG long-term potentiation. Here, we investigated whether PAE alters other markers of histaminergic neurotransmission. Long-Evans rat dams voluntarily consumed either a 0% or a 5% ethanol solution 4 h each day throughout gestation. Young adult female offspring from each prenatal treatment group were used in histidine decarboxylase (HDC) immunohistochemical studies of histamine neuron number in ventral hypothalamus, quantitative Western blotting studies of HDC expression in multiple brain regions, radiohistochemical studies of H2 receptor density in multiple brain regions, and in biochemical studies of H2 receptor-effector coupling in dentate gyrus. Rat dams consumed a mean of 1.90 g of ethanol/kg/day during pregnancy. This level of consumption did not affect maternal weight gain, offspring birth weight, or litter size. PAE did not affect the number of HDC-positive neurons in ventral hypothalamus. However, HDC expression was reduced in frontal cortex, dentate gyrus, and cerebellum of PAE rats compared to controls. Specific [125I]-iodoaminopotentidine binding to H2 receptors was not altered in any of the brain regions measured, nor was basal or H2 receptor agonist-stimulated cAMP accumulation in DG altered in PAE rats compared to controls. These results suggest that not all markers of histaminergic neurotransmission are altered by PAE. However, the observation that HDC levels were reduced in the same brain regions where elevated H3 receptor-effector coupling was observed previously raises the question of whether a cause-effect relationship exists between HDC expression and H3 receptor function in affected brain regions of PAE rats. This relationship, along with the question of why these effects occur in some, but not all brain regions, requires more-detailed investigation.
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3
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Fernández-Reina A, Urdiales JL, Sánchez-Jiménez F. What We Know and What We Need to Know about Aromatic and Cationic Biogenic Amines in the Gastrointestinal Tract. Foods 2018; 7:E145. [PMID: 30181486 PMCID: PMC6164962 DOI: 10.3390/foods7090145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biogenic amines derived from basic and aromatic amino acids (B/A-BAs), polyamines, histamine, serotonin, and catecholamines are a group of molecules playing essential roles in many relevant physiological processes, including cell proliferation, immune response, nutrition and reproduction. All these physiological effects involve a variety of tissue-specific cellular receptors and signalling pathways, which conforms to a very complex network that is not yet well-characterized. Strong evidence has proved the importance of this group of molecules in the gastrointestinal context, also playing roles in several pathologies. This work is based on the hypothesis that integration of biomedical information helps to reach new translational actions. Thus, the major aim of this work is to combine scientific knowledge on biomolecules, metabolism and physiology of the main B/A-BAs involved in the pathophysiology of the gastrointestinal tract, in order to point out important gaps in information and other facts deserving further research efforts in order to connect molecular information with pathophysiological observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Fernández-Reina
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
| | - José Luis Urdiales
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras & IBIMA, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010 Málaga, Spain.
| | - Francisca Sánchez-Jiménez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras & IBIMA, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010 Málaga, Spain.
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4
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Rossignoli G, Phillips RS, Astegno A, Menegazzi M, Voltattorni CB, Bertoldi M. Phosphorylation of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate enzymes: an intriguing and neglected topic. Amino Acids 2017; 50:205-215. [PMID: 29204749 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-017-2521-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes catalyze a wide range of reactions of amino acids and amines, with the exception of glycogen phosphorylase which exhibits peculiar both substrate preference and chemical mechanism. They represent about 4% of the gene products in eukaryotic cells. Although structure-function investigations regarding these enzymes are copious, their regulation by post-translational modifications is largely unknown. Protein phosphorylation is the most common post-translational modification fundamental in mediating diverse cellular functions. This review aims at summarizing the current knowledge on regulation of PLP enzymes by phosphorylation. Starting from the paradigmatic PLP-dependent glycogen phosphorylase, the first phosphoprotein discovered, we collect data in literature regarding functional phosphorylation events of eleven PLP enzymes belonging to different fold types and discuss the impact of the modification in affecting their activity and localization as well as the implications on the pathogenesis of diseases in which many of these enzymes are involved. The pivotal question is to correlate the structural consequences of phosphorylation among PLP enzymes of different folds with the functional modifications exerted in terms of activity or conformational changes or others. Although the literature shows that the phosphorylation of PLP enzymes plays important roles in mediating diverse cellular functions, our recapitulation of clue findings in the field makes clear that there is still much to be learnt. Besides mass spectrometry-based proteomic analyses, further biochemical and structural studies on purified native proteins are imperative to fully understand and predict how phosphorylation regulates PLP enzymes and to find the relationship between addition of a phosphate moiety and physiological response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Rossignoli
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Robert S Phillips
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Alessandra Astegno
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 15, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Marta Menegazzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Carla Borri Voltattorni
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Mariarita Bertoldi
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134, Verona, Italy.
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5
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Considine KL, Stefanidis L, Grozinger KG, Audie J, Alper BJ. Efficient synthesis of α-fluoromethylhistidine di-hydrochloride and demonstration of its efficacy as a glutathione S-transferase inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:1335-1340. [PMID: 28228363 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Histidine decarboxylase (HDC) is an enzyme that converts histidine to histamine. Inhibition of HDC has several medical applications, and HDC inhibitors are of considerable interest for the study of histidine metabolism. (S)-α-Fluoromethylhistidine di-hydrochloride (α-FMH) is a potent HDC inhibitor that is commercially available at high cost in small amounts only. Here we report a novel, inexpensive, and efficient method for synthesis of α-FMH using methyl 2-aziridinyl-3-(N-triphenylmethyl-4-imidazolyl) propionate and HF/pyridine, with experimental yield of 57%. To identify novel targets for α-FMH, we developed a three step in silico work-flow for identifying physically plausible protein targets. The work-flow resulted in 21 protein target hits, including several enzymes involved in glutathione metabolism, and notably, two isozymes of the glutathione S-transferase (GST) superfamily, which plays a central role in drug metabolism. In view of this predictive data, the efficacy of α-FMH as a GST inhibitor was investigated in vitro. α-FMH was demonstrated to be an effective inhibitor of GST at micromolar concentration, suggesting that off-target effects of α-FMH may limit physiological drug metabolism and elimination by GST-dependent mechanisms. The present study therefore provides new avenues for obtaining α-FMH and for studying its biochemical effects, with potential implications for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L Considine
- Sacred Heart University, 5151 Park Avenue, Fairfield, CT 06825, United States
| | - Lazaros Stefanidis
- Sacred Heart University, 5151 Park Avenue, Fairfield, CT 06825, United States
| | - Karl G Grozinger
- Sacred Heart University, 5151 Park Avenue, Fairfield, CT 06825, United States
| | - Joseph Audie
- Sacred Heart University, 5151 Park Avenue, Fairfield, CT 06825, United States.
| | - Benjamin J Alper
- Sacred Heart University, 5151 Park Avenue, Fairfield, CT 06825, United States.
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6
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Sanchez-Jiménez F, Pino-Ángeles A, Rodríguez-López R, Morales M, Urdiales JL. Structural and functional analogies and differences between histidine decarboxylase and aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase molecular networks: Biomedical implications. Pharmacol Res 2016; 114:90-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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7
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Fennell LM, Fleming JV. Differential processing of mammalian L-histidine decarboxylase enzymes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 445:304-9. [PMID: 24508257 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.01.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In the mammalian species studied so far, the L-histidine decarboxylase (HDC) enzyme responsible for histamine biosynthesis has been shown to undergo post-translational processing. The processing is best characterized for the mouse enzyme, where di-asparate DD motifs mediate the production of active ~55 and ~60 kDa isoforms from the ~74 kDa precursor in a caspase-9 dependent manner. The identification of conserved di-aspartate motifs at similar locations in the rat and human HDC protein sequences has led to proposals that these may represent important processing sites in these species also. Here we used transfected Cos7 cells to demonstrate that the rat and human HDC proteins undergo differential processing compared to each other, and found no evidence to suggest that conserved di-aspartate motifs are required absolutely for processing in this cell type. Instead we identified SKD and EEAPD motifs that are important for caspase-6 dependent production of ~54 and ~59 kDa isoforms in the rat and human proteins, respectively. The addition of staurosporine, which is known to pharmacologically activate caspase enzymes, increased processing of the human HDC protein. We propose that caspase-dependent processing is a conserved feature of mammalian HDC enzymes, but that proteolysis may involve different enzymes and occur at diverse sites and sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian M Fennell
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Pharmacy, and Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - John V Fleming
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Pharmacy, and Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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8
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Aminooxy analog of histamine is an efficient inhibitor of mammalian l-histidine decarboxylase: combined in silico and experimental evidence. Amino Acids 2013; 46:621-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-013-1589-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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9
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Sánchez-Jiménez F, Ruiz-Pérez MV, Urdiales JL, Medina MA. Pharmacological potential of biogenic amine-polyamine interactions beyond neurotransmission. Br J Pharmacol 2013; 170:4-16. [PMID: 23347064 PMCID: PMC3764843 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Revised: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Histamine, serotonin and dopamine are biogenic amines involved in intercellular communication with multiple effects on human pathophysiology. They are products of two highly homologous enzymes, histidine decarboxylase and l-aromatic amino acid decarboxylase, and transmit their signals through different receptors and signal transduction mechanisms. Polyamines derived from ornithine (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) are mainly involved in intracellular effects related to cell proliferation and death mechanisms. This review summarizes structural and functional evidence for interactions between components of all these amine metabolic and signalling networks (decarboxylases, transporters, oxidases, receptors etc.) at cellular and tissue levels, distinct from nervous and neuroendocrine systems, where the crosstalk among these amine-related components can also have important pathophysiological consequences. The discussion highlights aspects that could help to predict and discuss the effects of intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sánchez-Jiménez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Teatinos, Universidad de Málaga, Spain.
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10
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Karagiannidis I, Dehning S, Sandor P, Tarnok Z, Rizzo R, Wolanczyk T, Madruga-Garrido M, Hebebrand J, Nöthen MM, Lehmkuhl G, Farkas L, Nagy P, Szymanska U, Anastasiou Z, Stathias V, Androutsos C, Tsironi V, Koumoula A, Barta C, Zill P, Mir P, Müller N, Barr C, Paschou P. Support of the histaminergic hypothesis in Tourette syndrome: association of the histamine decarboxylase gene in a large sample of families. J Med Genet 2013; 50:760-4. [PMID: 23825391 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2013-101637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is caused by the interaction of environment with a complex genetic background. The genetic etiology of the disorder remains, so far, elusive, although multiple promising leads have been recently reported. The recent implication of the histamine decarboxylase (HDC) gene, the key enzyme in histamine production, raises the intriguing hypothesis of a possible role of histaminergic dysfunction leading to TS onset. METHODS Following up on the finding of a nonsense mutation in a single family with TS, we investigated variation across the HDC gene for association with TS. As a result of a collaborative international effort, we studied a large sample of 520 nuclear families originating from seven European populations (Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Polish, German, Albanian, Spanish) as well as a sample collected in Canada. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Interrogating 12 tagging SNPs (tSNP) across the HDC region, we find strong over-transmission of alleles at two SNPs (rs854150 and rs1894236) in the complete sample, as well as a statistically significant associated haplotypes. Analysis of individual populations also reveals signals of association in the Canadian, German and Italian samples. Our results provide strong support for the histaminergic hypothesis in TS etiology and point to a possible role of histamine pathways in neuronal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iordanis Karagiannidis
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupoli, Greece
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11
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Ohtsu H. Histamine synthesis and lessons learned from histidine decarboxylase deficient mice. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2011; 709:21-31. [PMID: 21618884 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-8056-4_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This chapter summarizes the information about the transcriptional regulation of histidine decarboxylase (HDC), which is the catabolic enzyme of histamine synthesis, and the activity of histamine in vivo as clarified using HDC gene deficient mice (HDC-KO). The research of the regulatory mechanism of histamine synthesis has been focused on transcriptional and posttranslational aspects. The generation ofHDC-KO mice clarified several new pathophysiological functions of histamine. It is now recognized that the activity of histamine is not limited to allergic, peptic and neurological functions as in the old paradigm, but extends to other fields such as cardiology, immunology and infectious diseases. Therefore, this chapter will focus on these newly revealed functions of histamine. For example, histamine was known to be involved in the effector phase of allergic responses, but a role has now been shown in the sensitization phases and in innate immunity. In the allergic bronchial asthma model using HDC-KO mice it was found that histamine positively controls eosinophilia, but not bronchial hypersensitivity. The effect on eosinophils was afterwards shown to be mediated through the activity of the histamine H4 receptor. The recent advances in the understanding of histamine synthesis and the activity of HDC have dramatically expanded our understanding of the scope of histamine function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ohtsu
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan.
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12
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Bhatt L, Murphy C, O'Driscoll LS, Carmo-Fonseca M, McCaffrey MW, Fleming JV. N-glycosylation is important for the correct intracellular localization of HFE and its ability to decrease cell surface transferrin binding. FEBS J 2010; 277:3219-34. [PMID: 20618438 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2010.07727.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
HFE is a type 1 transmembrane protein that becomes N-glycosylated during transport to the cell membrane. It influences cellular iron concentrations through multiple mechanisms, including regulation of transferrin binding to transferrin receptors. The importance of glycosylation in HFE localization and function has not yet been studied. Here we employed bioinformatics to identify putative N-glycosylation sites at residues N110, N130 and N234 of the human HFE protein, and used site-directed mutagenesis to create combinations of single, double or triple mutants. Compared with the wild-type protein, which co-localizes with the type 1 transferrin receptor in the endosomal recycling compartment and on distributed punctae, the triple mutant co-localized with BiP in the endoplasmic reticulum. This was similar to the localization pattern described previously for the misfolding HFE-C282Y mutant that causes type 1 hereditary haemachromatosis. We also observed that the triple mutant was functionally deficient in beta2-microglobulin interactions and incapable of regulating transferrin binding, once again, reminiscent of the HFE-C282Y variant. Single and double mutants that undergo limited glycosylation appeared to have a mixed phenotype, with characteristics primarily of the wild-type, but also some from the glycosylation-deficient protein. Therefore, although they displayed an endosomal recycling compartment/punctate localization like the wild-type protein, many cells simultaneously displayed additional reticular localization. Furthermore, although the majority of cells expressing these single and double mutants showed decreased surface binding of transferrin, a number appeared to have lost this ability. We conclude that glycosylation is important for the normal intracellular trafficking and functional activity of HFE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Bhatt
- Department of Biochemistry, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Ireland
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13
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Pino-Angeles A, Morreale A, Negri A, Sánchez-Jiménez F, Moya-García AA. Substrate uptake and protein stability relationship in mammalian histidine decarboxylase. Proteins 2010; 78:154-61. [PMID: 19790266 DOI: 10.1002/prot.22587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
There is some evidence linking the substrate entrance in the active site of mammalian histidine decarboxylase and an increased stability against proteolytic degradation. In this work, we study the basis of this relationship by means of protein structure network analysis and molecular dynamics simulations. We find that the substrate binding to the active site influences the conformation of a flexible region sensible to proteolytic degradation and observe how formation of the Michaelis-Menten complex increases stability in the conformation of this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pino-Angeles
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, Málaga, Spain
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14
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Abrighach H, Fajardo I, Sánchez-Jiménez F, Urdiales JL. Exploring polyamine regulation by nascent histamine in a human-transfected cell model. Amino Acids 2009; 38:561-73. [PMID: 19997758 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-009-0417-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2009] [Accepted: 09/14/2009] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
There are multiple lines of evidence suggesting interplay between histamine and polyamines in several mammalian cell types. However, the complex metabolic context makes it difficult to elucidate the mechanisms involved. Histamine's effects can be elicited after its binding to any of the four subtypes of G-protein coupled histamine membrane receptors. In addition, intracellular histamine can also interfere with polyamine metabolism, since there are several metabolic connections between the synthesis and degradation pathways of both types of amines. In order to dissect the metabolic effects of intracellular histamine on polyamine metabolism, we chose a well-known cell culture line, i.e., the human embryonic kidney 293 cells (HEK-293 cells). Initially, we show that HEK-293 cells lack a polyamine metabolic response to extracellular histamine, even over a wide range of histamine concentrations. HEK-293 cells were transfected with active and inactive versions of human histidine decarboxylase, and changes in many of the overlapping metabolic factors and limiting steps were tested. Overall, the results indicate a regulatory effect of histamine on the post-transcriptional expression of ornithine decarboxylase and suggest that this effect is primarily responsible for the decrease in polyamine synthesis and partial blockade of cell-cycle progression, which should affect cell proliferation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Abrighach
- Procel Lab, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, 29071, Málaga, Spain
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15
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Moya-García AA, Pino-Ángeles A, Gil-Redondo R, Morreale A, Sánchez-Jiménez F. Structural features of mammalian histidine decarboxylase reveal the basis for specific inhibition. Br J Pharmacol 2009; 157:4-13. [PMID: 19413567 PMCID: PMC2697795 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00219.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2009] [Accepted: 01/29/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
For a long time the structural and molecular features of mammalian histidine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.22), the enzyme that produces histamine, have evaded characterization. We overcome the experimental problems for the study of this enzyme by using a computer-based modelling and simulation approach, and have now the conditions to use histidine decarboxylase as a target in histamine pharmacology. In this review, we present the recent (last 5 years) advances in the structure-function relationship of histidine decarboxylase and the strategy for the discovery of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- AA Moya-García
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de MálagaCampus de Teatinos, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)Valencia, Spain
| | - A Pino-Ángeles
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de MálagaCampus de Teatinos, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)Valencia, Spain
| | - R Gil-Redondo
- Unidad de Bioinformática, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolás Cabrera 1Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Morreale
- Unidad de Bioinformática, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolás Cabrera 1Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Sánchez-Jiménez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de MálagaCampus de Teatinos, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)Valencia, Spain
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Abstract
Histamine is a transmitter in the nervous system and a signaling molecule in the gut, the skin, and the immune system. Histaminergic neurons in mammalian brain are located exclusively in the tuberomamillary nucleus of the posterior hypothalamus and send their axons all over the central nervous system. Active solely during waking, they maintain wakefulness and attention. Three of the four known histamine receptors and binding to glutamate NMDA receptors serve multiple functions in the brain, particularly control of excitability and plasticity. H1 and H2 receptor-mediated actions are mostly excitatory; H3 receptors act as inhibitory auto- and heteroreceptors. Mutual interactions with other transmitter systems form a network that links basic homeostatic and higher brain functions, including sleep-wake regulation, circadian and feeding rhythms, immunity, learning, and memory in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut L Haas
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany.
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17
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Moya-García AA, Ruiz-Pernía J, Martí S, Sánchez-Jiménez F, Tuñón I. Analysis of the decarboxylation step in mammalian histidine decarboxylase. A computational study. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:12393-401. [PMID: 18310073 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m707434200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics theoretical study on the reaction mechanism of mammalian histidine decarboxylase that allows us to obtain valuable insights on the structure of the cofactor-substrate adduct (external aldimine) in the active site of rat histidine decarboxylase. By means of molecular dynamics simulations, we traced the potential of mean force corresponding to the decarboxylation reaction of the adduct both in the active site of the enzyme and in aqueous solution. By comparing this process in both media, we have identified the key electrostatic interactions that explain the lowering of the free energy barrier in the enzyme. Our analysis also offers a validation of Dunathan's hypothesis (Dunathan, H. (1966) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 55, 712-716) regarding the role of stereoelectronic effects in the enzymatic decarboxylation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelio A Moya-García
- Procel Laboratory, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Teatinos, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
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18
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Furuta K, Nakayama K, Sugimoto Y, Ichikawa A, Tanaka S. Activation of histidine decarboxylase through post-translational cleavage by caspase-9 in a mouse mastocytoma P-815. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:13438-46. [PMID: 17360717 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m609943200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
L-Histidine decarboxylase (HDC) is the rate-limiting enzyme for histamine synthesis in mammals. Although accumulating evidence has indicated the post-translational processing of HDC, it remains unknown what kinds of proteases are involved. We investigated the processing of HDC in a mouse mastocytoma, P-815, using a lentiviral expression system. HDC was expressed as a 74-kDa precursor form, which is cleaved to yield the 55- and 60-kDa forms upon treatment with butyrate. Alanine-scanning mutations revealed that two tandem aspartate residues (Asp(517)-Asp(518), Asp(550)-Asp(551)) are critical for the processing. Treatment with butyrate caused an increase in the enzyme activity of the cells expressing the wild type HDC, but not in the cells expressing the processing-incompetent mutant. An increase in histamine synthesis by butyrate was accompanied by formation of the 55- and 60-kDa form of HDC. In addition, the in vitro translated 74-kDa form of HDC was found to undergo a limited cleavage by purified human caspase-9, whereas the alanine-substituted mutants were not. Processing and enzymatic activation of HDC in P-815 cells was enhanced in the presence of a Zn(2+) chelator, TPEN. Although treatment with butyrate and TPEN drastically augmented the protease activity of caspase-3, and -9, no apoptotic cell death was observed. Both enzymatic activation and processing of HDC were completely suppressed by a pan-caspase inhibitor, partially but significantly by a specific inhibitor for caspase-9, but not by a caspase-3 inhibitor. These results suggest that, in P-815 cells, histamine synthesis is augmented through the post-translational cleavage of HDC, which is mediated by caspase-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyuki Furuta
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Ai W, Liu Y, Wang TC. Yin yang 1 (YY1) represses histidine decarboxylase gene expression with SREBP-1a in part through an upstream Sp1 site. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2006; 290:G1096-104. [PMID: 16357063 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00199.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Histidine decarboxylase (HDC) is the enzyme that converts histidine to histamine, a bioamine that plays an important role in many physiological aspects including allergic responses, inflammation, neurotransmission, and gastric acid secretion. In previous studies, we demonstrated that Kruppel-like factor 4 represses HDC promoter activity in a gastric cell line through both an upstream Sp1-binding GC box (GGGCGG sequence) and downstream gastrin-responsive elements. In the current study, Yin Yang 1 (YY1), a pleiotropic transcriptional factor, was also shown in cotransfection assays to repress HDC promoter activity through the upstream GC box. DNA affinity purification assay demonstrated that YY1 was pulled down specifically by the upstream GC box. In addition, sterol-responsive element-binding protein 1a (SREBP-1a), a transcriptional factor that binds YY1, represses the HDC promoter. Interestingly, deletion analysis and cotransfection assays indicated that mutation of the upstream GC box or truncation of downstream gastrin-responsive elements in the HDC promoter disrupted the inhibitory effect of YY1 and SREBP-1a in an identical fashion. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR analysis indicated that gastrin treatment downregulated SREBP-1a gene expression and reduced the DNA binding activity of SREBP in EMSAs. Taken together, these results suggest that YY1 and SREBP-1a form a complex to inhibit HDC gene expression through both the upstream GC box and downstream gastrin-responsive elements and gastrin-induced activation of HDC gene expression is mediated at least partly through downregulation of transcriptional repressors such as SREBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wandong Ai
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia University Medical Center, Irving, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Ai W, Takaishi S, Wang TC, Fleming JV. Regulation of l‐Histidine Decarboxylase and Its Role in Carcinogenesis. PROGRESS IN NUCLEIC ACID RESEARCH AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2006; 81:231-70. [PMID: 16891173 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6603(06)81006-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wandong Ai
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, Irving Cancer Research Center, New York, New York 10032, USA
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21
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Moya-Garcia AA, Medina MA, Sánchez-Jiménez F. Mammalian histidine decarboxylase: from structure to function. Bioessays 2005; 27:57-63. [PMID: 15612036 DOI: 10.1002/bies.20174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Histamine is a multifunctional biogenic amine with relevant roles in intercellular communication, inflammatory processes and highly prevalent pathologies. Histamine biosynthesis depends on a single decarboxylation step, carried out by a PLP-dependent histidine decarboxylase activity (EC 4.1.1.22), an enzyme that still remains to be fully characterized. Nevertheless, during the last few years, important advances have been made in this field, including the generation and validation of the first three-dimensional model of the enzyme, which allows us to revisit previous results and conclusions. This essay provides a comprehensive review of the current knowledge of the structural and functional characteristics of mammalian histidine decarboxylase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelio A Moya-Garcia
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
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