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Hanson MG, Taylor CG, Wu Y, Anderson HD, Zahradka P. Lentil consumption reduces resistance artery remodeling and restores arterial compliance in the spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 37:30-38. [PMID: 27596012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We previously established that lentils were able to significantly attenuate the development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), but the mechanism was not investigated. The current study was therefore designed to examine the effect of lentils on arterial function in relation to arterial stiffness, lipid biochemistry and activation of select aortic proteins. Seventeen-week-old male SHRs were randomly assigned to groups (n=10/group) fed (a) 30% w/w green lentils, (b) 30% red lentils, (c) 30% mixed lentils (red and green) or (d) no lentils for 8 weeks. Normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) groups (n=10/group) received either the mixed lentil or no lentil diet. Blood pressure, pulse wave velocity and serum lipids were measured at baseline and 8 weeks, while pressure myography, arterial morphology and aortic proteins were measured after termination. There were no dietary-related changes in pulse wave velocity or blood pressure for any SHR or WKY group. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly lower in only SHR red lentil and WKY mixed lentil groups compared to their controls. The lentil diets reduced the media:lumen ratio of SHRs relative to control-fed SHRs but had no effect on WKYs. Both red and green lentils reduced arterial stiffness of SHRs but not WKYs. SHR lentil groups showed lower aortic p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) phosphorylation, thus implying that p38MAPK activation is suppressed with lentil feeding. Lentil-based diets suppress pathological vascular remodeling in SHRs, while green lentils maintain the vascular function of SHRs similar to normotensive WKYs despite the presence of high blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Hanson
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Carla G Taylor
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Yinghong Wu
- Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Hope D Anderson
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Peter Zahradka
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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Novel players in cardioprotection: Insulin like growth factor-1, angiotensin-(1–7) and angiotensin-(1–9). Pharmacol Res 2015; 101:41-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Clark JL, Zahradka P, Taylor CG. Efficacy of flavonoids in the management of high blood pressure. Nutr Rev 2015; 73:799-822. [PMID: 26491142 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuv048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant compounds such as flavonoids have been reported to exert beneficial effects in cardiovascular disease, including hypertension. Information on the effects of isolated individual flavonoids for management of high blood pressure, however, is more limited. This review is focused on the flavonoids, as isolated outside of the food matrix, from the 5 main subgroups consumed in the Western diet (flavones, flavonols, flavanones, flavan-3-ols, and anthocyanins), along with their effects on hypertension, including the potential mechanisms for regulating blood pressure. Flavonoids from all 5 subgroups have been shown to attenuate a rise in or to reduce blood pressure during several pathological conditions (hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus). Flavones, flavonols, flavanones, and flavanols were able to modulate blood pressure by restoring endothelial function, either directly, by affecting nitric oxide levels, or indirectly, through other pathways. Quercetin had the most consistent blood pressure-lowering effect in animal and human studies, irrespective of dose, duration, or disease status. However, further research on the safety and efficacy of the flavonoids is required before any of them can be used by humans, presumably in supplement form, at the doses required for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime L Clark
- J.L. Clark, P. Zahradka, and C.G. Taylor are with the Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada. P. Zahradka and C.G. Taylor are with the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada. J.L. Clark, P. Zahradka, and C.G. Taylor are with the Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Peter Zahradka
- J.L. Clark, P. Zahradka, and C.G. Taylor are with the Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada. P. Zahradka and C.G. Taylor are with the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada. J.L. Clark, P. Zahradka, and C.G. Taylor are with the Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Carla G Taylor
- J.L. Clark, P. Zahradka, and C.G. Taylor are with the Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada. P. Zahradka and C.G. Taylor are with the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada. J.L. Clark, P. Zahradka, and C.G. Taylor are with the Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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Cho YL, Hur SM, Kim JY, Kim JH, Lee DK, Choe J, Won MH, Ha KS, Jeoung D, Han S, Ryoo S, Lee H, Min JK, Kwon YG, Kim DH, Kim YM. Specific activation of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor by ginsenoside Rg5 promotes angiogenesis and vasorelaxation. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:467-77. [PMID: 25391655 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.603142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rg5 is a compound newly synthesized during the steaming process of ginseng; however, its biological activity has not been elucidated with regard to endothelial function. We found that Rg5 stimulated in vitro angiogenesis of human endothelial cells, consistent with increased neovascularization and blood perfusion in a mouse hind limb ischemia model. Rg5 also evoked vasorelaxation in aortic rings isolated from wild type and high cholesterol-fed ApoE(-/-) mice but not from endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS) knock-out mice. Angiogenic activity of Rg5 was highly associated with a specific increase in insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) phosphorylation and subsequent activation of multiple angiogenic signals, including ERK, FAK, Akt/eNOS/NO, and Gi-mediated phospholipase C/Ca(2+)/eNOS dimerization pathways. The vasodilative activity of Rg5 was mediated by the eNOS/NO/cGMP axis. IGF-1R knockdown suppressed Rg5-induced angiogenesis and vasorelaxation by inhibiting key angiogenic signaling and NO/cGMP pathways. In silico docking analysis showed that Rg5 bound with high affinity to IGF-1R at the same binding site of IGF. Rg5 blocked binding of IGF-1 to its receptor with an IC50 of ∼90 nmol/liter. However, Rg5 did not induce vascular inflammation and permeability. These data suggest that Rg5 plays a novel role as an IGF-1R agonist, promoting therapeutic angiogenesis and improving hypertension without adverse effects in the vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Lai Cho
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Sung-Mo Hur
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Ji-Yoon Kim
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Ji-Hee Kim
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Dong-Keon Lee
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | | | | | - Kwon-Soo Ha
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | | | | | - Sungwoo Ryoo
- Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 200-701, South Korea
| | - Hansoo Lee
- Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 200-701, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Ki Min
- the Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea, and
| | - Young-Guen Kwon
- the Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea, and
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- the Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, South Korea
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