1
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Aitken MJL, Malaney P, Zhang X, Herbrich SM, Chan L, Benitez O, Rodriguez A, Ma H, Jacamo R, Duan R, Link T, Kornblau S, Kanagal-Shamanna R, Bueso-Ramos C, Post S. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K is overexpressed in acute myeloid leukemia and causes myeloproliferation in mice via altered Runx1 splicing. NAR Cancer 2022; 4:zcac039. [PMID: 36518526 PMCID: PMC9732523 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcac039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is driven by numerous molecular events that contribute to disease progression. Herein, we identify hnRNP K overexpression as a recurrent abnormality in AML that negatively correlates with patient survival. Overexpression of hnRNP K in murine fetal liver cells results in altered self-renewal and differentiation potential. Further, murine transplantation models reveal that hnRNP K overexpression results in myeloproliferation in vivo. Mechanistic studies expose a direct functional relationship between hnRNP K and RUNX1-a master transcriptional regulator of hematopoiesis often dysregulated in leukemia. Molecular analyses show that overexpression of hnRNP K results in an enrichment of an alternatively spliced isoform of RUNX1 lacking exon 4. Our work establishes hnRNP K's oncogenic potential in influencing myelogenesis through its regulation of RUNX1 splicing and subsequent transcriptional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa J L Aitken
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Prerna Malaney
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA; Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Xiaorui Zhang
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shelley M Herbrich
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lauren Chan
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Oscar Benitez
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ashley G Rodriguez
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Huaxian Ma
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rodrigo Jacamo
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ruizhi Duan
- School of Health Professions, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Todd M Link
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Steven M Kornblau
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rashmi Kanagal-Shamanna
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carlos E Bueso-Ramos
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sean M Post
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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2
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The Role of RNA-Binding Proteins in Hematological Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179552. [PMID: 36076951 PMCID: PMC9455611 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematological malignancies comprise a plethora of different neoplasms, such as leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma, plus a myriad of dysplasia, such as myelodysplastic syndromes or anemias. Despite all the advances in patient care and the development of new therapies, some of these malignancies remain incurable, mainly due to resistance and refractoriness to treatment. Therefore, there is an unmet clinical need to identify new biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets that play a role in treatment resistance and contribute to the poor outcomes of these tumors. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are a diverse class of proteins that interact with transcripts and noncoding RNAs and are involved in every step of the post-transcriptional processing of transcripts. Dysregulation of RBPs has been associated with the development of hematological malignancies, making them potential valuable biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets. Although a number of dysregulated RBPs have been identified in hematological malignancies, there is a critical need to understand the biology underlying their contribution to pathology, such as the spatiotemporal context and molecular mechanisms involved. In this review, we emphasize the importance of deciphering the regulatory mechanisms of RBPs to pinpoint novel therapeutic targets that could drive or contribute to hematological malignancy biology.
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3
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Zhao H, Wei Z, Shen G, Chen Y, Hao X, Li S, Wang R. Poly(rC)-binding proteins as pleiotropic regulators in hematopoiesis and hematological malignancy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1045797. [PMID: 36452487 PMCID: PMC9701828 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1045797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(rC)-binding proteins (PCBPs), a defined subfamily of RNA binding proteins, are characterized by their high affinity and sequence-specific interaction with poly-cytosine (poly-C). The PCBP family comprises five members, including hnRNP K and PCBP1-4. These proteins share a relatively similar structure motif, with triple hnRNP K homology (KH) domains responsible for recognizing and combining C-rich regions of mRNA and single- and double-stranded DNA. Numerous studies have indicated that PCBPs play a prominent role in hematopoietic cell growth, differentiation, and tumorigenesis at multiple levels of regulation. Herein, we summarized the currently available literature regarding the structural and functional divergence of various PCBP family members. Furthermore, we focused on their roles in normal hematopoiesis, particularly in erythropoiesis. More importantly, we also discussed and highlighted their involvement in carcinogenesis, including leukemia and lymphoma, aiming to clarify the pleiotropic roles and molecular mechanisms in the hematopoietic compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Zhao
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.,Basic Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Ziqing Wei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guomin Shen
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.,Basic Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yixiang Chen
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.,Basic Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xueqin Hao
- Basic Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Sanqiang Li
- Basic Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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4
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Padovani KS, Goto RN, Fugio LB, Garcia CB, Alves VM, Brassesco MS, Greene LJ, Rego EM, Leopoldino AM. Crosstalk between hnRNP K and SET in ATRA-induced differentiation in acute promyelocytic leukemia. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:2019-2032. [PMID: 34058077 PMCID: PMC8255839 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
HnRNP K protein is a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein which has been proposed to be involved in the leukemogenesis of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), as well as in differentiation induced by all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA). We previously demonstrated a connection between SET and hnRNP K function in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells related to splicing processing. The objective of this study was to characterize the participation of hnRNP K and SET proteins in ATRA‐induced differentiation in APL. We observed higher (5‐ to 40‐fold) levels of hnRNP K and SET mRNA in APL patients at the diagnosis phase compared with induction and maintenance phases. hnRNP K knockdown using short‐hairpin RNA led to cell death in ATRA‐sensitive NB4 and resistant NB4‐R2 cells by apoptosis with SET cleavage. In addition, hnRNP K knockdown increased granulocytic differentiation in APL cells, mainly in NB4‐R2 with ATRA. hnRNP K knockdown had an effect similar to that of treatment with U0126 (an meiosis‐specific serine/threonine protein kinase/ERK inhibitor), mainly in NB4‐R2 cells. SET knockdown in APL cells revealed that apoptosis induction in cells with hnRNP K knockdown occurred by SET cleavage rather than by reduction in SET protein. Transplantation of NB4‐R2 cells into nude mice confirmed that arsenic trioxide (ATO) combined with U0126 has higher potential against tumor progression when compared to ATO. Therefore, hnRNP K/SET and ERK are potential therapeutic targets for both antineoplastic leukemia therapy and relapsed APL patients with ATRA resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Stringhetta Padovani
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil.,CEPID-FAPESP, Center for Cell Based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão, Preto, Brazil
| | - Renata Nishida Goto
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lais Brigliadori Fugio
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiana Bernadelli Garcia
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vani Maria Alves
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto-FMRP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Maria Sol Brassesco
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lewis Joel Greene
- CEPID-FAPESP, Center for Cell Based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão, Preto, Brazil.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto-FMRP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Magalhães Rego
- CEPID-FAPESP, Center for Cell Based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão, Preto, Brazil.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto-FMRP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Andréia Machado Leopoldino
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil.,CEPID-FAPESP, Center for Cell Based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão, Preto, Brazil
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5
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Scheenstra MR, Martínez-Botía P, Acebes-Huerta A, Brouwer RWW, Caballero-Sánchez N, Gillemans N, De Bleser P, Nota B, De Cuyper IM, Salunkhe V, Woltman AM, van de Laar L, Rijkers E, Demmers JAA, van IJcken WFJ, Philipsen S, van den Berg TK, Kuijpers TW, Gutiérrez L. Comparison of the PU.1 transcriptional regulome and interactome in human and mouse inflammatory dendritic cells. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 110:735-751. [PMID: 33289106 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.6a1219-711rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are key immune modulators and are able to mount immune responses or tolerance. DC differentiation and activation imply a plethora of molecular and cellular responses, including transcriptional changes. PU.1 is a highly expressed transcription factor in DCs and coordinates relevant aspects of DC biology. Due to their role as immune regulators, DCs pose as a promising immunotherapy tool. However, some of their functional features, such as survival, activation, or migration, are compromised due to the limitations to simulate in vitro the physiologic DC differentiation process. A better knowledge of transcriptional programs would allow the identification of potential targets for manipulation with the aim of obtaining "qualified" DCs for immunotherapy purposes. Most of the current knowledge regarding DC biology derives from studies using mouse models, which not always find a parallel in human. In the present study, we dissect the PU.1 transcriptional regulome and interactome in mouse and human DCs, in the steady state or LPS activated. The PU.1 transcriptional regulome was identified by performing PU.1 chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequencing and pairing these data with RNAsequencing data. The PU.1 interactome was identified by performing PU.1 immunoprecipitation followed by mass spectrometry analysis. Our results portray PU.1 as a pivotal factor that plays an important role in the regulation of genes required for proper DC activation and function, and assures the repression of nonlineage genes. The interspecies differences between human and mouse DCs are surprisingly substantial, highlighting the need to study the biology of human DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike R Scheenstra
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Andrea Acebes-Huerta
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rutger W W Brouwer
- Center for Biomics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Nynke Gillemans
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter De Bleser
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Data Mining and Modeling for Biomedicine, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Nota
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iris M De Cuyper
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vishal Salunkhe
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea M Woltman
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Current Address: Institute of Medical Education Research Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lianne van de Laar
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Wilfred F J van IJcken
- Center for Biomics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sjaak Philipsen
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timo K van den Berg
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Taco W Kuijpers
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Gutiérrez
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
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6
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RNA-Binding Proteins in Acute Leukemias. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103409. [PMID: 32408494 PMCID: PMC7279408 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute leukemias are genetic diseases caused by translocations or mutations, which dysregulate hematopoiesis towards malignant transformation. However, the molecular mode of action is highly versatile and ranges from direct transcriptional to post-transcriptional control, which includes RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) as crucial regulators of cell fate. RBPs coordinate RNA dynamics, including subcellular localization, translational efficiency and metabolism, by binding to their target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), thereby controlling the expression of the encoded proteins. In view of the growing interest in these regulators, this review summarizes recent research regarding the most influential RBPs relevant in acute leukemias in particular. The reported RBPs, either dysregulated or as components of fusion proteins, are described with respect to their functional domains, the pathways they affect, and clinical aspects associated with their dysregulation or altered functions.
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7
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Peng WZ, Liu JX, Li CF, Ma R, Jie JZ. hnRNPK promotes gastric tumorigenesis through regulating CD44E alternative splicing. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:335. [PMID: 31857793 PMCID: PMC6909542 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-1020-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The high prevalence of alternative splicing among genes implies the importance of genomic complexity in regulating normal physiological processes and diseases such as gastric cancer (GC). The standard form of stem cell marker CD44 (CD44S) and its alternatives with additional exons are reported to play important roles in multiple types of tumors, but the regulation mechanism of CD44 alternative splicing is not fully understood. Methods Here the expression of hnRNPK was analyzed among the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort of GC. The function of hnRNPK in GC cells was analyzed and its downstream targeted gene was identified by chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual luciferase report assay. Finally, effect of hnRNPK and its downstream splicing regulator on CD44 alternative splicing was investigated. Results The expression of hnRNPK was significantly increased in GC and its upregulation was associated with tumor stage and metastasis. Loss-of-function studies found that hnRNPK could promote GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The upregulation of hnRNPK activates the expression of the splicing regulator SRSF1 by binding to the first motif upstream the start codon (- 65 to - 77 site), thereby increasing splicing activity and expression of an oncogenic CD44 isoform, CD44E (has additional variant exons 8 to 10, CD44v8-v10). Conclusion These findings revealed the importance of the hnRNPK-SRSF1-CD44E axis in promoting gastric tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Zhao Peng
- 1Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Ji-Xi Liu
- 2Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Chao-Feng Li
- 1Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Ren Ma
- 1Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Jian-Zheng Jie
- 1Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029 China
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8
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Lyu T, Jiang Y, Jia N, Che X, Li Q, Yu Y, Hua K, Bast RC, Feng W. SMYD3 promotes implant metastasis of ovarian cancer via H3K4 trimethylation of integrin promoters. Int J Cancer 2019; 146:1553-1567. [PMID: 31503345 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Detachment of cancer cells from the primary tumor and formation of spheroids in ascites is required for implantation metastasis in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), but the underlying mechanism of this process has not been thoroughly elucidated. To mimic this process, ovarian cancer cells were grown in 3D and 2D culture. Hey and OVCA433 spheroids exhibited decreased cell proliferation and enhanced adhesion and invasion. SMYD3 expression was elevated in ovarian carcinoma spheroids in association with increased H3K4 methylation. Depletion of SMYD3 by transient siRNA, stable shRNA knockdown and the SMYD3 inhibitor BCI-121 all decreased spheroid invasion and adhesion. Gene expression arrays revealed downregulation of integrin family members. Inhibition assays confirmed that invasion and adhesion of spheroids are mediated by ITGB6 and ITGAM. SMYD3-deficient cells regained the ability to invade and adhere after forced overexpression of SMYD3, ITGB6 and ITGAM. However, this biological ability was not restored by forced overexpression of SMYD3 in ITGB6- and/or ITGAM-deficient cancer cells. SMYD3 and H3K4me3 binding at the ITGB6 and ITGAM promoters was increased in spheroids compared to that in monolayer cells, and the binding was decreased when SMYD3 expression was inhibited, consistent with the expression changes in integrins. SMYD3 expression and integrin-mediated adhesion were also activated in an intraperitoneal xenograft model and in EOC patient spheroids. In vivo, SMYD3 knockdown inhibited tumor metastasis and reduced ascites volume in both the intraperitoneal xenograft model and a PDX model. Overall, our results suggest that the SMYD3-H3K4me3-integrin pathway plays a crucial role in ovarian cancer metastasis to the peritoneal surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Lyu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine - Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yahui Jiang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine - Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Jia
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine - Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxia Che
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine - Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine - Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinhua Yu
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine - Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Keqin Hua
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine - Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Robert C Bast
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Weiwei Feng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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9
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Nazarov IB, Bakhmet EI, Tomilin AN. KH-Domain Poly(C)-Binding Proteins as Versatile Regulators of Multiple Biological Processes. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:205-219. [PMID: 31221059 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297919030039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Five known members of the family of KH-domain poly(C)-binding proteins (Pcbp1-4, hnRNP-K) have an unusually broad spectrum of cellular functions that include regulation of gene transcription, regulation of pre-mRNA processing, splicing, mRNA stability, translational silencing and enhancement, the control of iron turnover, and many others. Mechanistically, these proteins act via nucleic acid binding and protein-protein interactions. Through performing these multiple tasks, the KH-domain poly(C)-binding family members are involved in a wide variety of biological processes such as embryonic development, cell differentiation, and cancer. Deregulation of KH-domain protein expression is frequently associated with severe developmental defects and neoplasia. This review summarizes progress in studies of the KH-domain proteins made over past two decades. The review also reports our recent finding implying an involvement of the KH-factor Pcbp1 into control of transition from naïve to primed pluripotency cell state.
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Affiliation(s)
- I B Nazarov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russia.
| | - E I Bakhmet
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russia
| | - A N Tomilin
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russia
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10
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Vezzali F, Grassilli S, Lambertini E, Brugnoli F, Patergnani S, Nika E, Piva R, Pinton P, Capitani S, Bertagnolo V. Vav1 is necessary for PU.1 mediated upmodulation of miR-29b in acute myeloid leukaemia-derived cells. J Cell Mol Med 2018. [PMID: 29532991 PMCID: PMC5980196 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been recently demonstrated that high pre‐treatment levels of miR‐29b positively correlated with the response of patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) to hypomethylating agents. Upmodulation of miR‐29b by restoring its transcriptional machinery appears indeed a tool to improve therapeutic response in AML. In cells from acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL), miR‐29b is regulated by PU.1, in turn upmodulated by agonists currently used to treat APL. We explored here the ability of PU.1 to also regulate miR‐29b in non‐APL cells, in order to identify agonists that, upmodulating PU.1 may be beneficial in hypomethylating agents‐based therapies. We found that PU.1 may regulate miR‐29b in the non‐APL Kasumi‐1 cells, showing the t(8;21) chromosomal rearrangement, which is prevalent in AML and correlated with a relatively low survival. We demonstrated that the PU.1‐mediated contribution of the 2 miR‐29b precursors is cell‐related and almost completely dependent on adequate levels of Vav1. Nuclear PU.1/Vav1 association accompanies the transcription of miR‐29b but, at variance with the APL‐derived NB4 cells, in which the protein is required for the association of PU.1 with both miRNA promoters, Vav1 is part of molecular complexes to the PU.1 consensus site in Kasumi‐1. Our results add new information on the transcriptional machinery that regulates miR‐29b expression in AML‐derived cells and may help in identifying drugs useful in upmodulation of this miRNA in pre‐treatment of patients with non‐APL leukaemia who can take advantage from hypomethylating agent‐based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Vezzali
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Grassilli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Lambertini
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Federica Brugnoli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Simone Patergnani
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ervin Nika
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberta Piva
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvano Capitani
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valeria Bertagnolo
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Wang M, Liu Z, Liu C, Wu T, Cai F, Wang Q, Su X, Shi Y. PU.1 is involved in the immune response to Aspergillus fumigatus through upregulating Dectin-1 expression. BMC Infect Dis 2016; 16:297. [PMID: 27306059 PMCID: PMC4910222 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-1632-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Invasive aspergillosis is a life-threatening disease, and its incidence has increased in the recent past. Dectin-1 recognizes β-glucans and mediates innate immune responses to Aspergillus fumigatus. Transcription factor PU.1 has been the focus of recent research due to its role in inflammation and infection. However, its role in Dectin-1 regulation during A. fumigatus infection remains to be elucidated. Methods THP-1 cells were stimulated with A. fumigatus conidia. We then used real-time RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence assays to analyze the mRNA and protein levels and cellular distribution, respectively, of Dectin-1 and PU.1 in stimulated THP-1 cells. Additionally, we used the luciferase reporter assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays, electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA), and RNA interference experiments to investigate the role of PU.1 in Dectin-1 regulation. Results Our results revealed that Dectin-1 mRNA and protein levels as well as the PU.1 protein level were increased in THP-1 cells stimulated with A. fumigatus conidia, while the mRNA expression level did not significantly change between the stimulated and control groups. We also observed that PU.1 translocated into the nucleus in stimulated THP-1 cells. The results of the luciferase reporter assay showed that PU.1 promoted human Dectin-1 (hDectin-1) gene activity. ChIP and EMSA indicated that PU.1 could bind with hDectin-1 gene promoter at three potential transcription factor-binding sites (TFBSs). In addition, knockdown of PU.1 significantly decreased Dectin-1 expression. Conclusions This study demonstrated the novel role of PU.1 in the immune response to A. fumigatus through upregulation of Dectin-1 expression and its translocation to the nucleus in A. fumigatus-stimulated THP-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, China
| | | | | | - Ting Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Cai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, BenQ Medical Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Su
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yi Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, China.
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Zhang J, Liu X, Lin Y, Li Y, Pan J, Zong S, Li Y, Zhou Y. HnRNP K contributes to drug resistance in acute myeloid leukemia through the regulation of autophagy. Exp Hematol 2016; 44:850-856. [PMID: 27155326 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Revised: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to explore the role of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K) in drug resistance through the regulation of autophagy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). First, we used fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to verify the connection between the expression level of hnRNP K and the level of drug resistance in AML. We then used Western blotting to determine the expression level of the autophagy-related proteins microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 I and II (LC3 I/II) after the modulation of hnRNP K by ribonucleic acid (RNA) interference. Finally, an analysis of adriamycin drug sensitivity was conducted before and after the modulation of hnRNP K expression. hnRNP K and LC3 I/II were significantly overexpressed in the bone marrow of nonremission patients and in drug-resistant cell lines; however, the expression of LC3 I/II was decreased when the expression of hnRNP K was reduced and drug sensitivity to adriamycin could be restored. hnRNP K may be involved in the development of adriamycin resistance in AML through the regulation of autophagy.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Autophagy/drug effects
- Autophagy/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression
- Genotype
- Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein K/genetics
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/mortality
- Male
- Microtubule-Associated Proteins/genetics
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- JinFang Zhang
- Department of Paediatric Hematology and Oncology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - XiaoLi Liu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - YuDeng Lin
- Department of Paediatric Hematology and Oncology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - YuLing Li
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - JianWei Pan
- Department of Paediatric Hematology and Oncology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Sa Zong
- Department of Paediatric Hematology and Oncology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - YongKang Li
- Department of Paediatric Hematology and Oncology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Paediatric Hematology and Oncology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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LG-362B targets PML-RARα and blocks ATRA resistance of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia 2016; 30:1465-74. [PMID: 27012866 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a M3 subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Promyelocytic leukemia (PML)-retinoic acid receptor α (RARα) translocation generally occurs in APL patients and makes APL unique both for diagnosis and treatment. However, some conventional drugs like all-transretinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO), as the preferred ones for APL therapy, induce irreversible resistance and responsible for clinical failure of complete remission. Herein, we screened a library of novel chemical compounds with structural diversity and discovered a novel synthetic small compound, named LG-362B, specifically inhibited the proliferation of APL and induced apoptosis. Notably, the differentiation arrest was also relieved by LG-362B in cultured APL cells and APL mouse models. Moreover, LG-362B overcame the ATRA resistance on cellular differentiation and transplantable APL mice. These positive effects were driven by caspases-mediated degradation of PML-RARα when treated with LG-362B, making it specific to APL and reasonable for ATRA resistance relief. We propose that LG-362B would be a potential candidate agent for the treatment of the relapsed APL with ATRA resistance in the future.
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