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Keene KR, Kan HE, van der Meeren S, Verbist BM, Tannemaat MR, Beenakker JM, Verschuuren JJ. Clinical and imaging clues to the diagnosis and follow-up of ptosis and ophthalmoparesis. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:2820-2834. [PMID: 36172973 PMCID: PMC9745561 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ophthalmoparesis and ptosis can be caused by a wide range of rare or more prevalent diseases, several of which can be successfully treated. In this review, we provide clues to aid in the diagnosis of these diseases, based on the clinical symptoms, the involvement pattern and imaging features of extra-ocular muscles (EOM). Dysfunction of EOM including the levator palpebrae can be due to muscle weakness, anatomical restrictions or pathology affecting the innervation. A comprehensive literature review was performed to find clinical and imaging clues for the diagnosis and follow-up of ptosis and ophthalmoparesis. We used five patterns as a framework for differential diagnostic reasoning and for pattern recognition in symptomatology, EOM involvement and imaging results of individual patients. The five patterns were characterized by the presence of combination of ptosis, ophthalmoparesis, diplopia, pain, proptosis, nystagmus, extra-orbital symptoms, symmetry or fluctuations in symptoms. Each pattern was linked to anatomical locations and either hereditary or acquired diseases. Hereditary muscle diseases often lead to ophthalmoparesis without diplopia as a predominant feature, while in acquired eye muscle diseases ophthalmoparesis is often asymmetrical and can be accompanied by proptosis and pain. Fluctuation is a hallmark of an acquired synaptic disease like myasthenia gravis. Nystagmus is indicative of a central nervous system lesion. Second, specific EOM involvement patterns can also provide valuable diagnostic clues. In hereditary muscle diseases like chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO) and oculo-pharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) the superior rectus is often involved. In neuropathic disease, the pattern of involvement of the EOM can be linked to specific cranial nerves. In myasthenia gravis this pattern is variable within patients over time. Lastly, orbital imaging can aid in the diagnosis. Fat replacement of the EOM is commonly observed in hereditary myopathic diseases, such as CPEO. In contrast, inflammation and volume increases are often observed in acquired muscle diseases such as Graves' orbitopathy. In diseases with ophthalmoparesis and ptosis specific patterns of clinical symptoms, the EOM involvement pattern and orbital imaging provide valuable information for diagnosis and could prove valuable in the follow-up of disease progression and the understanding of disease pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin R. Keene
- CJ Gorter MRI Center, Department of RadiologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
- Department of NeurologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Hermien E. Kan
- CJ Gorter MRI Center, Department of RadiologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
- Duchenne CenterThe Netherlands
| | - Stijn van der Meeren
- Department of OphthalmologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
- Orbital Center, Department of OphthalmologyAmsterdam University Medical CentersAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Berit M. Verbist
- Department of RadiologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Jan‐Willem M. Beenakker
- CJ Gorter MRI Center, Department of RadiologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
- Department of OphthalmologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
- Department of Radiation OncologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Jan J.G.M. Verschuuren
- Department of NeurologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
- Duchenne CenterThe Netherlands
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2
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Perni S, Beam K. Neuronal junctophilins recruit specific Ca V and RyR isoforms to ER-PM junctions and functionally alter Ca V2.1 and Ca V2.2. eLife 2021; 10:64249. [PMID: 33769283 PMCID: PMC8046434 DOI: 10.7554/elife.64249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Junctions between the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane that are induced by the neuronal junctophilins are of demonstrated importance, but their molecular architecture is still poorly understood and challenging to address in neurons. This is due to the small size of the junctions and the multiple isoforms of candidate junctional proteins in different brain areas. Using colocalization of tagged proteins expressed in tsA201 cells, and electrophysiology, we compared the interactions of JPH3 and JPH4 with different calcium channels. We found that JPH3 and JPH4 caused junctional accumulation of all the tested high-voltage-activated CaV isoforms, but not a low-voltage-activated CaV. Also, JPH3 and JPH4 noticeably modify CaV2.1 and CaV2.2 inactivation rate. RyR3 moderately colocalized at junctions with JPH4, whereas RyR1 and RyR2 did not. By contrast, RyR1 and RyR3 strongly colocalized with JPH3, and RyR2 moderately. Likely contributing to this difference, JPH3 binds to cytoplasmic domain constructs of RyR1 and RyR3, but not of RyR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Perni
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, United States
| | - Kurt Beam
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, United States
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3
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Reddish FN, Miller CL, Deng X, Dong B, Patel AA, Ghane MA, Mosca B, McBean C, Wu S, Solntsev KM, Zhuo Y, Gadda G, Fang N, Cox DN, Mabb AM, Treves S, Zorzato F, Yang JJ. Rapid subcellular calcium responses and dynamics by calcium sensor G-CatchER . iScience 2021; 24:102129. [PMID: 33665552 PMCID: PMC7900224 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The precise spatiotemporal characteristics of subcellular calcium (Ca2+) transients are critical for the physiological processes. Here we report a green Ca2+ sensor called "G-CatchER+" using a protein design to report rapid local ER Ca2+ dynamics with significantly improved folding properties. G-CatchER+ exhibits a superior Ca2+ on rate to G-CEPIA1er and has a Ca2+-induced fluorescence lifetimes increase. G-CatchER+ also reports agonist/antagonist triggered Ca2+ dynamics in several cell types including primary neurons that are orchestrated by IP3Rs, RyRs, and SERCAs with an ability to differentiate expression. Upon localization to the lumen of the RyR channel (G-CatchER+-JP45), we report a rapid local Ca2+ release that is likely due to calsequestrin. Transgenic expression of G-CatchER+ in Drosophila muscle demonstrates its utility as an in vivo reporter of stimulus-evoked SR local Ca2+ dynamics. G-CatchER+ will be an invaluable tool to examine local ER/SR Ca2+ dynamics and facilitate drug development associated with ER dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence N Reddish
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Advanced Translational Imaging Facility, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Cassandra L Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Advanced Translational Imaging Facility, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Xiaonan Deng
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Advanced Translational Imaging Facility, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Bin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Advanced Translational Imaging Facility, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Atit A Patel
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.,Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Mohammad A Ghane
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.,Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Barbara Mosca
- Department of Life Sciences, General Pathology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Cheyenne McBean
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Advanced Translational Imaging Facility, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Shengnan Wu
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Kyril M Solntsev
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - You Zhuo
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Advanced Translational Imaging Facility, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Giovanni Gadda
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Advanced Translational Imaging Facility, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Ning Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Advanced Translational Imaging Facility, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Daniel N Cox
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.,Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Angela M Mabb
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.,Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Susan Treves
- Department of Life Sciences, General Pathology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Biomedicine, Basel University, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Zorzato
- Department of Life Sciences, General Pathology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Biomedicine, Basel University, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jenny J Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Advanced Translational Imaging Facility, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
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Abstract
JGP study shows that ryanodine receptor 3 is important for extraocular muscle function.
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5
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Eckhardt J, Bachmann C, Sekulic-Jablanovic M, Enzmann V, Park KH, Ma J, Takeshima H, Zorzato F, Treves S. Extraocular muscle function is impaired in ryr3 -/- mice. J Gen Physiol 2019; 151:929-943. [PMID: 31085573 PMCID: PMC6605690 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201912333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Extraocular muscles are specialized skeletal muscles expressing a particular set
of proteins involved in calcium homeostasis, including RYR3. Eckhardt et al.
investigate extraocular muscle function in
ryr3−/− mice and show that
ablation of RYR3 significantly impacts vision. Calcium is an ubiquitous second messenger mediating numerous physiological
processes, including muscle contraction and neuronal excitability.
Ca2+ is stored in the ER/SR and is released into the cytoplasm
via the opening of intracellular inositol trisphosphate receptor and ryanodine
receptor calcium channels. Whereas in skeletal muscle, isoform 1 of the RYR is
the main channel mediating calcium release from the SR leading to muscle
contraction, the function of ubiquitously expressed ryanodine receptor 3 (RYR3)
is far from clear; it is not known whether RYR3 plays a role in
excitation–contraction coupling. We recently reported that human
extraocular muscles express high levels of RYR3, suggesting that such muscles
may be useful to study the function of this isoform of the Ca2+
channel. In the present investigation, we characterize the visual function of
ryr3−/− mice. We observe that
ablation of RYR3 affects both mechanical properties and calcium homeostasis in
extraocular muscles. These changes significantly impact vision. Our results
reveal for the first time an important role for RYR3 in extraocular muscle
function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Eckhardt
- Department of Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Bachmann
- Department of Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Volker Enzmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ki Ho Park
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Jianjie Ma
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Hiroshi Takeshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Francesco Zorzato
- Department of Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Life Sciences, Microbiology and Applied Pathology section, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Susan Treves
- Department of Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland .,Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Life Sciences, Microbiology and Applied Pathology section, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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6
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Bachmann C, Jungbluth H, Muntoni F, Manzur AY, Zorzato F, Treves S. Cellular, biochemical and molecular changes in muscles from patients with X-linked myotubular myopathy due to MTM1 mutations. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:320-332. [PMID: 28007904 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Centronuclear myopathies are early-onset muscle diseases caused by mutations in several genes including MTM1, DNM2, BIN1, RYR1 and TTN. The most severe and often fatal X-linked form of myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the ubiquitous lipid phosphatase myotubularin, an enzyme specifically dephosphorylating phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate. Because XLMTM patients have a predominantly muscle-specific phenotype a number of pathogenic mechanisms have been proposed, including a direct effect of the accumulated lipid on the skeletal muscle calcium channel ryanodine receptor 1, a negative effect on the structure of intracellular organelles and defective autophagy. Animal models knocked out for MTM1 show severe reduction of ryanodine receptor 1 mediated calcium release but, since knocking out genes in animal models does not necessarily replicate the human phenotype, we considered it important to study directly the effect of MTM1 mutations on patient muscle cells. The results of the present study show that at the level of myotubes MTM1 mutations do not dramatically affect calcium homeostasis and calcium release mediated through the ryanodine receptor 1, though they do affect myotube size and nuclear content. On the other hand, mature muscles such as those obtained from patient muscle biopsies exhibit a significant decrease in expression of the ryanodine receptor 1, a decrease in muscle-specific microRNAs and a considerable up-regulation of histone deacetylase-4. We hypothesize that the latter events consequent to the primary genetic mutation, are the cause of the severe decrease in muscle strength that characterizes these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Bachmann
- Departments of Biomedicine and Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, Basel University, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heinz Jungbluth
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Neuromuscular Service, Evelina Children's Hospital, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.,Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK.,Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Muscle Signalling Section, King's College, London, UK
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre and MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Adnan Y Manzur
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre and MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Francesco Zorzato
- Departments of Biomedicine and Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, Basel University, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Life Sciences, General Pathology section, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Susan Treves
- Departments of Biomedicine and Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, Basel University, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Life Sciences, General Pathology section, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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7
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Schartner V, Romero NB, Donkervoort S, Treves S, Munot P, Pierson TM, Dabaj I, Malfatti E, Zaharieva IT, Zorzato F, Abath Neto O, Brochier G, Lornage X, Eymard B, Taratuto AL, Böhm J, Gonorazky H, Ramos-Platt L, Feng L, Phadke R, Bharucha-Goebel DX, Sumner CJ, Bui MT, Lacene E, Beuvin M, Labasse C, Dondaine N, Schneider R, Thompson J, Boland A, Deleuze JF, Matthews E, Pakleza AN, Sewry CA, Biancalana V, Quijano-Roy S, Muntoni F, Fardeau M, Bönnemann CG, Laporte J. Dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR, CACNA1S) congenital myopathy. Acta Neuropathol 2017; 133:517-533. [PMID: 28012042 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-016-1656-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Muscle contraction upon nerve stimulation relies on excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) to promote the rapid and generalized release of calcium within myofibers. In skeletal muscle, ECC is performed by the direct coupling of a voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ channel (dihydropyridine receptor; DHPR) located on the T-tubule with a Ca2+ release channel (ryanodine receptor; RYR1) on the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) component of the triad. Here, we characterize a novel class of congenital myopathy at the morphological, molecular, and functional levels. We describe a cohort of 11 patients from 7 families presenting with perinatal hypotonia, severe axial and generalized weakness. Ophthalmoplegia is present in four patients. The analysis of muscle biopsies demonstrated a characteristic intermyofibrillar network due to SR dilatation, internal nuclei, and areas of myofibrillar disorganization in some samples. Exome sequencing revealed ten recessive or dominant mutations in CACNA1S (Cav1.1), the pore-forming subunit of DHPR in skeletal muscle. Both recessive and dominant mutations correlated with a consistent phenotype, a decrease in protein level, and with a major impairment of Ca2+ release induced by depolarization in cultured myotubes. While dominant CACNA1S mutations were previously linked to malignant hyperthermia susceptibility or hypokalemic periodic paralysis, our findings strengthen the importance of DHPR for perinatal muscle function in human. These data also highlight CACNA1S and ECC as therapeutic targets for the development of treatments that may be facilitated by the previous knowledge accumulated on DHPR.
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8
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Hackman P, Udd B, Bönnemann CG, Ferreiro A. 219th ENMC International Workshop Titinopathies International database of titin mutations and phenotypes, Heemskerk, The Netherlands, 29 April-1 May 2016. Neuromuscul Disord 2017; 27:396-407. [PMID: 28214268 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Hackman
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Bjarne Udd
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Tampere University, Finland
| | | | - Ana Ferreiro
- Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Université Paris Diderot/CNRS, France; Reference Center for Neuromuscular Disorders, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, France
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9
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Lopez RJ, Byrne S, Vukcevic M, Sekulic-Jablanovic M, Xu L, Brink M, Alamelu J, Voermans N, Snoeck M, Clement E, Muntoni F, Zhou H, Radunovic A, Mohammed S, Wraige E, Zorzato F, Treves S, Jungbluth H. An RYR1 mutation associated with malignant hyperthermia is also associated with bleeding abnormalities. Sci Signal 2016; 9:ra68. [PMID: 27382027 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aad9813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Malignant hyperthermia is a potentially fatal hypermetabolic disorder triggered by halogenated anesthetics and the myorelaxant succinylcholine in genetically predisposed individuals. About 50% of susceptible individuals carry dominant, gain-of-function mutations in RYR1 [which encodes ryanodine receptor type 1 (RyR1)], though they have normal muscle function and no overt clinical symptoms. RyR1 is predominantly found in skeletal muscle but also at lower amounts in immune and smooth muscle cells, suggesting that RYR1 mutations may have a wider range of effects than previously suspected. Mild bleeding abnormalities have been described in patients with malignant hyperthermia carrying gain-of-function RYR1 mutations. We sought to determine the frequency and molecular basis for this symptom. We found that some patients with specific RYR1 mutations had abnormally high bleeding scores, whereas their healthy relatives did not. Knock-in mice with the malignant hyperthermia susceptibility RYR1 mutation Y522S (MHS RYR1Y522S) had longer bleeding times than their wild-type littermates. Primary vascular smooth muscle cells from RYR1Y522S knock-in mice exhibited a higher frequency of subplasmalemmal Ca(2+) sparks, leading to a more negative resting membrane potential. The bleeding defect of RYR1Y522S mice and of one patient was reversed by treatment with the RYR1 antagonist dantrolene, and Ca(2+) sparks in primary vascular smooth muscle cells from the MHS RYR1Y522S mice were blocked by ryanodine or dantrolene. Thus, RYR1 mutations may lead to prolonged bleeding by altering vascular smooth muscle cell function. The reversibility of the bleeding phenotype emphasizes the potential therapeutic value of dantrolene in the treatment of such bleeding disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén J Lopez
- Departments of Biomedicine and Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Susan Byrne
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Neuromuscular Service, Evelina Children's Hospital, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Mirko Vukcevic
- Departments of Biomedicine and Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland. Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marijana Sekulic-Jablanovic
- Departments of Biomedicine and Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lifen Xu
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marijke Brink
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jay Alamelu
- Department of Haematology, Evelina Children's Hospital, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Nicol Voermans
- Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marc Snoeck
- National MH Investigation Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, 6532 Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Emma Clement
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Haiyan Zhou
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | | | - Shehla Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Elizabeth Wraige
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Neuromuscular Service, Evelina Children's Hospital, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Francesco Zorzato
- Departments of Biomedicine and Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland. Department of Life Sciences, General Pathology Section, University of Ferrara, Via Borsari 46, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Susan Treves
- Departments of Biomedicine and Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland. Department of Life Sciences, General Pathology Section, University of Ferrara, Via Borsari 46, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Heinz Jungbluth
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Neuromuscular Service, Evelina Children's Hospital, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK. Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Muscle Signalling Section, King's College, London SE1 1UL, UK. Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 9RX, UK
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10
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Sekulic-Jablanovic M, Ullrich ND, Goldblum D, Palmowski-Wolfe A, Zorzato F, Treves S. Functional characterization of orbicularis oculi and extraocular muscles. J Gen Physiol 2016; 147:395-406. [PMID: 27069119 PMCID: PMC4845688 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201511542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Facial muscles are skeletal muscles that control facial expression. Sekulic-Jablanovic et al. characterize orbicularis oculi and extraocular muscles and find divergence in the expression of key molecules for muscle function between facial, extraocular, and quadriceps muscles. The orbicularis oculi are the sphincter muscles of the eyelids and are involved in modulating facial expression. They differ from both limb and extraocular muscles (EOMs) in their histology and biochemistry. Weakness of the orbicularis oculi muscles is a feature of neuromuscular disorders affecting the neuromuscular junction, and weakness of facial muscles and ptosis have also been described in patients with mutations in the ryanodine receptor gene. Here, we investigate human orbicularis oculi muscles and find that they are functionally more similar to quadriceps than to EOMs in terms of excitation–contraction coupling components. In particular, they do not express the cardiac isoform of the dihydropyridine receptor, which we find to be highly expressed in EOMs where it is likely responsible for the large depolarization-induced calcium influx. We further show that human orbicularis oculi and EOMs express high levels of utrophin and low levels of dystrophin, whereas quadriceps express dystrophin and low levels of utrophin. The results of this study highlight the notion that myotubes obtained by explanting satellite cells from different muscles are not functionally identical and retain the physiological characteristics of their muscle of origin. Furthermore, our results indicate that sparing of facial and EOMs in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the result of the higher levels of utrophin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijana Sekulic-Jablanovic
- Department of Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, 4031 Basel, Switzerland Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nina D Ullrich
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Goldblum
- Eye Clinic, Basel University and Basel University Hospital, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anja Palmowski-Wolfe
- Eye Clinic, Basel University and Basel University Hospital, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Zorzato
- Department of Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, 4031 Basel, Switzerland Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, 4031 Basel, Switzerland Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, General Pathology Section, University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Susan Treves
- Department of Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, 4031 Basel, Switzerland Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, 4031 Basel, Switzerland Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, General Pathology Section, University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
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