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Liu T, Jin C, Sun J, Zhu L, Wang C, Xiao F, Liu X, Lv L, Yang X, Zhou W, Tan C, Wang X, Wei W. Paroxetine alleviates dendritic cell and T lymphocyte activation via GRK2-mediated PI3K-AKT signaling in rheumatoid arthritis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2025; 138:441-451. [PMID: 38879805 PMCID: PMC11845201 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000003165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) could participate in the regulation of diverse cells via interacting with non-G-protein-coupled receptors. In the present work, we explored how paroxetine, a GRK2 inhibitor, modulates the differentiation and activation of immune cells in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS The blood samples of healthy individuals and RA patients were collected between July 2021 and March 2022 from the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University. C57BL/6 mice were used to induce the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model. Flow cytometry analysis was used to characterize the differentiation and function of dendritic cells (DCs)/T cells. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to explore the specific molecular mechanism. RESULTS In patients with RA, high expression of GRK2 in peripheral blood lymphocytes, accompanied by the increases of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). In animal model, a decrease in regulatory T cells (T regs ), an increase in the cluster of differentiation 8 positive (CD8 + ) T cells, and maturation of DCs were observed. Paroxetine, when used in vitro and in CIA mice, restrained the maturation of DCs and the differentiation of CD8 + T cells, and induced the proportion of T regs . Paroxetine inhibited the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, the expression of C-C motif chemokine receptor 7 in DCs and T cells. Simultaneously, paroxetine upregulated the expression of programmed death ligand 1, and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, paroxetine inhibited the PI3K-AKT-mTOR metabolic pathway in both DCs and T cells. This was associated with a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential and changes in the utilization of glucose and lipids, particularly in DCs. Paroxetine reversed PI3K-AKT pathway activation induced by 740 Y-P (a PI3K agonist) through inhibiting the interaction between GRK2 and PI3K in DCs and T cells. CONCLUSION Paroxetine exerts an immunosuppressive effect by targeting GRK2, which subsequently inhibits the metabolism-related PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway of DCs and T cells in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Chao Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Lina Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xiaochang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Liying Lv
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Xiaoke Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Wenjing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Chao Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Xianli Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
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Rathinaswamy MK, Jenkins ML, Duewell BR, Zhang X, Harris NJ, Evans JT, Stariha JTB, Dalwadi U, Fleming KD, Ranga-Prasad H, Yip CK, Williams RL, Hansen SD, Burke JE. Molecular basis for differential activation of p101 and p84 complexes of PI3Kγ by Ras and GPCRs. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112172. [PMID: 36842083 PMCID: PMC10068899 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Class IB phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3Kγ) is activated in immune cells and can form two distinct complexes (p110γ-p84 and p110γ-p101), which are differentially activated by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and Ras. Using a combination of X-ray crystallography, hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS), electron microscopy, molecular modeling, single-molecule imaging, and activity assays, we identify molecular differences between p110γ-p84 and p110γ-p101 that explain their differential membrane recruitment and activation by Ras and GPCRs. The p110γ-p84 complex is dynamic compared with p110γ-p101. While p110γ-p101 is robustly recruited by Gβγ subunits, p110γ-p84 is weakly recruited to membranes by Gβγ subunits alone and requires recruitment by Ras to allow for Gβγ activation. We mapped two distinct Gβγ interfaces on p101 and the p110γ helical domain, with differences in the C-terminal domain of p84 and p101 conferring sensitivity of p110γ-p101 to Gβγ activation. Overall, our work provides key insight into the molecular basis for how PI3Kγ complexes are activated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj K Rathinaswamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Meredith L Jenkins
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Benjamin R Duewell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA; Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Xuxiao Zhang
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Noah J Harris
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - John T Evans
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Jordan T B Stariha
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Udit Dalwadi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Kaelin D Fleming
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Harish Ranga-Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Calvin K Yip
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | | | - Scott D Hansen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA; Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.
| | - John E Burke
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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Wang X, Jiang L, Liu XQ, Huang YB, Wang AL, Zeng HX, Gao L, Zhu QJ, Xia LL, Wu YG. Paeoniflorin binds to VEGFR2 to restore autophagy and inhibit apoptosis for podocyte protection in diabetic kidney disease through PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 106:154400. [PMID: 36049428 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Paeoniflorin (PF) was found to exhibit renal protection from diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in previous trials, but its specific mechanism remains to be elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY This study furtherly explored the specific mechanism of PF in protect podocyte injury in DKD. MATERIALS AND METHODS We observed the effects of PF on renal tissue and podocytes in DKD by constructing the vitro and vivo models after measuring the pharmacokinetic characteristics of PF. Target proteins of PF were found through target prediction, and verified by molecular docking, CESTA, and SPR, and then furtherly explored the downstream regulation mechanism related to podocyte autophagy and apoptosis by network prediction and co-immunoprecipitation. Finally, by using the target protein inhibitor in vivo and knocking down the target protein gene in vitro, it was verified that PF played a role in regulating autophagy and apoptosis through the target protein in diabetic nephropathy. RESULTS This study found that in STZ-induced mice model, PF could improve the renal biochemical and pathological damage and podocyte injure (p < 0.05), upregulate autophagy activity (p < 0.05), but inhibit apoptosis (p < 0.01). Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), predicted as the target of PF, directly bind with PF reflected by molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance detection. Animal studies demonstrated that VEGFR2 inhibitors have a protective effect similar to that of PF on DKD. Network prediction and co-immunoprecipitation further confirmed that VEGFR2 was able to bind PIK3CA to regulate PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Furthermore, PF downregulated the phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT (p < 0.05). In vitro, similarly to autophagy inhibitors, PF was also found to improve podocyte markers (p < 0.05) and autophagy activity (p < 0.05), decrease caspase 3 protein (p < 0.05) and further inhibited VEGFR2-PI3K-AKT activity (p < 0.05). Finally, the results of VEGFR2 knockdown were similar to the effect of PF in HG-stimulated podocytes. CONCLUSION In conclusion, PF restores autophagy and inhibits apoptosis by targeting the VEGFR2-mediated PI3K-AKT pathway to improve renal injury in DKD, that provided a theoretical basis for PF treatment in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wang
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Ling Jiang
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Xue-Qi Liu
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Yue-Bo Huang
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - An-Li Wang
- Department of Infective Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Han-Xu Zeng
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Qi-Jin Zhu
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Ling-Ling Xia
- Department of Infective Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China..
| | - Yong-Gui Wu
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China; Center for Scientific Research of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China.
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Dasmahapatra U, Kumar CK, Das S, Subramanian PT, Murali P, Isaac AE, Ramanathan K, MM B, Chanda K. In-silico molecular modelling, MM/GBSA binding free energy and molecular dynamics simulation study of novel pyrido fused imidazo[4,5-c]quinolines as potential anti-tumor agents. Front Chem 2022; 10:991369. [PMID: 36247684 PMCID: PMC9566731 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.991369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
With an alarming increase in the number of cancer patients and a variety of tumors, it is high time for intensive investigation on more efficient and potent anti-tumor agents. Though numerous agents have enriched the literature, still there exist challenges, with the availability of different targets and possible cross-reactivity. Herein we have chosen the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) as the target of interest and investigated the potential of pyrido fused imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline derivatives to bind strongly to the active site, thereby inhibiting the progression of various types of tumors. The AutoDock, Glide and the Prime-MM/GBSA analysis are used to execute the molecular docking investigation and validation for the designed compounds. The anti-tumor property evaluations were carried out by using PASS algorithm. Based on the GLIDE score, the binding affinity of the designed molecules towards the target PI3K was evaluated. The energetics associated with static interactions revealed 1j as the most potential candidate and the dynamic investigations including RMSD, RMSF, Rg, SASA and hydrogen bonding also supported the same through relative stabilization induced through ligand interactions. Subsequently, the binding free energy of the Wortmannin and 1j complex calculated using MM-PBSA analysis. Further evaluations with PASS prediction algorithm also supported the above results. The studies reveal that there is evidence for considering appropriate pyrido fused imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline compounds as potential anti-tumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upala Dasmahapatra
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chitluri Kiran Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Soumyadip Das
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prathima Thimma Subramanian
- Division of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Poornimaa Murali
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arnold Emerson Isaac
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karuppasamy Ramanathan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balamurali MM
- Division of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- *Correspondence: Balamurali MM, ; Kaushik Chanda,
| | - Kaushik Chanda
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
- *Correspondence: Balamurali MM, ; Kaushik Chanda,
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Class I PI3K Biology. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2022; 436:3-49. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06566-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Rathinaswamy MK, Dalwadi U, Fleming KD, Adams C, Stariha JTB, Pardon E, Baek M, Vadas O, DiMaio F, Steyaert J, Hansen SD, Yip CK, Burke JE. Structure of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) p110γ-p101 complex reveals molecular mechanism of GPCR activation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/35/eabj4282. [PMID: 34452907 PMCID: PMC8397274 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj4282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The class IB phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), PI3Kγ, is a master regulator of immune cell function and a promising drug target for both cancer and inflammatory diseases. Critical to PI3Kγ function is the association of the p110γ catalytic subunit to either a p101 or p84 regulatory subunit, which mediates activation by G protein-coupled receptors. Here, we report the cryo-electron microscopy structure of a heterodimeric PI3Kγ complex, p110γ-p101. This structure reveals a unique assembly of catalytic and regulatory subunits that is distinct from other class I PI3K complexes. p101 mediates activation through its Gβγ-binding domain, recruiting the heterodimer to the membrane and allowing for engagement of a secondary Gβγ-binding site in p110γ. Mutations at the p110γ-p101 and p110γ-adaptor binding domain interfaces enhanced Gβγ activation. A nanobody that specifically binds to the p101-Gβγ interface blocks activation, providing a novel tool to study and target p110γ-p101-specific signaling events in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj K Rathinaswamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Udit Dalwadi
- Life Sciences Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kaelin D Fleming
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Carson Adams
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jordan T B Stariha
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Els Pardon
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Minkyung Baek
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Oscar Vadas
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Frank DiMaio
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jan Steyaert
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Scott D Hansen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Calvin K Yip
- Life Sciences Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - John E Burke
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
- Life Sciences Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Rathinaswamy MK, Fleming KD, Dalwadi U, Pardon E, Harris NJ, Yip CK, Steyaert J, Burke JE. HDX-MS-optimized approach to characterize nanobodies as tools for biochemical and structural studies of class IB phosphoinositide 3-kinases. Structure 2021; 29:1371-1381.e6. [PMID: 34348129 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
There is considerable interest in developing antibodies as modulators of signaling pathways. One of the most important signaling pathways in higher eukaryotes is the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway, which plays fundamental roles in growth, metabolism, and immunity. The class IB PI3K, PI3Kγ, is a heterodimeric complex composed of a catalytic p110γ subunit bound to a p101 or p84 regulatory subunit. PI3Kγ is a critical component in multiple immune signaling processes and is dependent on activation by Ras and G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to mediate its cellular roles. Here we describe the rapid and efficient characterization of multiple PI3Kγ binding single-chain camelid nanobodies using hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX) mass spectrometry (MS) for structural and biochemical studies. We identify nanobodies that stimulated lipid kinase activity, block Ras activation, and specifically inhibited p101-mediated GPCR activation. Overall, our work reveals insight into PI3Kγ regulation and identifies sites that may be exploited for therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj K Rathinaswamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Kaelin D Fleming
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Udit Dalwadi
- Life Sciences Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Els Pardon
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Noah J Harris
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Calvin K Yip
- Life Sciences Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Jan Steyaert
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - John E Burke
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2, Canada; Life Sciences Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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Wang DD, Jiang MY, Wang W, Zhou WJ, Zhang YW, Yang M, Chen JY, Wei W. Paeoniflorin-6'-O-benzene sulfonate down-regulates CXCR4-Gβγ-PI3K/AKT mediated migration in fibroblast-like synoviocytes of rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting GRK2 translocation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 526:805-812. [PMID: 32268958 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.03.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the effect of paeoniflorin-6'-O-benzene sulfonate (CP-25) on the migration of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the mechanism focused on CXCR4-Gβγ-PI3K/AKT signaling. METHODS Human synovial tissues were collected from RA and osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot were used to detect the protein expression of CXCR4, GRK2, Gβγ, PI3K, p-PI3K, AKT and p-AKT. Transwell was adopted to analyse the migration of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) were used to detect the combination of GRK2 and Gβγ, the combination of PI3K and Gβγ. RESULTS The expression level of CXCR4, GRK2, Gβγ, p-p85 and p-AKT were increased in RA synovial tissue according to the results of IHC and Western blot. In vitro, the migration of FLS was increased after stimulation of CXCL12, inhibition of Gβγ suppressed the migration and phosphorylation of p85 and AKT induced by CXCL12 in FLS, and CP-25 had the same effect as inhibition of Gβγ. The membrane expression of GRK2, Gβγ, PI3K and the combination of GRK2 and Gβγ, the combination of PI3K and Gβγ in FLS were increased after the stimulation of CXCL12, and CP-25 had an ability in reducing the membrane expression and the combination of these proteins. CONCLUSION Excessive migration of FLS in RA was associated with over-activation of PI3K/AKT signaling, and the activity of Gβγ was involved in the over-activation of PI3K/AKT. CP-25 down-regulated CXCR4-Gβγ-PI3K/AKT signals by inhibiting GRK2-Gβγ complex membrane translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Meng-Ya Jiang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wu Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wei-Jie Zhou
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yu-Wen Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jing-Yu Chen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Grove LM, Mohan ML, Abraham S, Scheraga RG, Southern BD, Crish JF, Naga Prasad SV, Olman MA. Translocation of TRPV4-PI3Kγ complexes to the plasma membrane drives myofibroblast transdifferentiation. Sci Signal 2019; 12:12/607/eaau1533. [PMID: 31719171 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aau1533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Myofibroblasts are key contributors to pathological fibrotic conditions of several major organs. The transdifferentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts requires both a mechanical signal and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling. The cation channel transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a critical mediator of myofibroblast transdifferentiation and in vivo fibrosis through its mechanosensitivity to extracellular matrix stiffness. Here, we showed that TRPV4 promoted the transdifferentiation of human and mouse lung fibroblasts through its interaction with phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ (PI3Kγ), forming nanomolar-affinity, intracellular TRPV4-PI3Kγ complexes. TGF-β induced the recruitment of TRPV4-PI3Kγ complexes to the plasma membrane and increased the activities of both TRPV4 and PI3Kγ. Using gain- and loss-of-function approaches, we showed that both TRPV4 and PI3Kγ were required for myofibroblast transdifferentiation as assessed by the increased production of α-smooth muscle actin and its incorporation into stress fibers, cytoskeletal changes, collagen-1 production, and contractile force. Expression of various mutant forms of the PI3Kγ catalytic subunit (p110γ) in cells lacking PI3Kγ revealed that only the noncatalytic, amino-terminal domain of p110γ was necessary and sufficient for TGF-β-induced TRPV4 plasma membrane recruitment and myofibroblast transdifferentiation. These data suggest that TGF-β stimulates a noncanonical scaffolding action of PI3Kγ, which recruits TRPV4-PI3Kγ complexes to the plasma membrane, thereby increasing myofibroblast transdifferentiation. Given that both TRPV4 and PI3Kγ have pleiotropic actions, targeting the interaction between them could provide a specific therapeutic approach for inhibiting myofibroblast transdifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Grove
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Maradumane L Mohan
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Susamma Abraham
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Rachel G Scheraga
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.,Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Brian D Southern
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.,Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - James F Crish
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Sathyamangla V Naga Prasad
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Mitchell A Olman
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. .,Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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10
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Wang D, Zhou W, Chen J, Wei W. Upstream regulators of phosphoinositide 3-kinase and their role in diseases. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14460-14472. [PMID: 30710358 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), a crucial signaling molecule, is regulated by various upstream regulators. Traditionally, receptor tyrosine kinases and G protein-coupled receptor are regarded as its principle upstream regulators; however, recent reports have indicated that spleen tyrosine kinase, β-arrestin2, Janus kinase, and RAS can also perform this role. Dysregulation of PI3K is common in the progression of various diseases, including, but not limited to, tumors, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and acute myelogenous leukemia. The aim of this review is to provide a perspective on PI3K-related diseases examining both the classical and nonclassical upstream regulators of PI3K in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Weijie Zhou
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China
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11
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Function, Regulation and Biological Roles of PI3Kγ Variants. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9090427. [PMID: 31480354 PMCID: PMC6770443 DOI: 10.3390/biom9090427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) γ is the only class IB PI3K member playing significant roles in the G-protein-dependent regulation of cell signaling in health and disease. Originally found in the immune system, increasing evidence suggest a wide array of functions in the whole organism. PI3Kγ occur as two different heterodimeric variants: PI3Kγ (p87) and PI3Kγ (p101), which share the same p110γ catalytic subunit but differ in their associated non-catalytic subunit. Here we concentrate on specific PI3Kγ features including its regulation and biological functions. In particular, the roles of its non-catalytic subunits serving as the main regulators determining specificity of class IB PI3Kγ enzymes are highlighted.
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12
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Heitz SD, Hamelin DJ, Hoffmann RM, Greenberg N, Salloum G, Erami Z, Khalil BD, Shymanets A, Steidle EA, Gong GQ, Nürnberg B, Burke JE, Flanagan JU, Bresnick AR, Backer JM. A single discrete Rab5-binding site in phosphoinositide 3-kinase β is required for tumor cell invasion. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:4621-4633. [DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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13
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Miller MS, Thompson PE, Gabelli SB. Structural Determinants of Isoform Selectivity in PI3K Inhibitors. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9030082. [PMID: 30813656 PMCID: PMC6468644 DOI: 10.3390/biom9030082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are important therapeutic targets for the treatment of cancer, thrombosis, and inflammatory and immune diseases. The four highly homologous Class I isoforms, PI3K, PI3K, PI3K and PI3K have unique, non-redundant physiological roles and as such, isoform selectivity has been a key consideration driving inhibitor design and development. In this review, we discuss the structural biology of PI3Ks and how our growing knowledge of structure has influenced the medicinal chemistry of PI3K inhibitors. We present an analysis of the available structure-selectivity-activity relationship data to highlight key insights into how the various regions of the PI3K binding site influence isoform selectivity. The picture that emerges is one that is far from simple and emphasizes the complex nature of protein-inhibitor binding, involving protein flexibility, energetics, water networks and interactions with non-conserved residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle S Miller
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Philip E Thompson
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
| | - Sandra B Gabelli
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
- Departments of Medicine, Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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14
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Wu P, Farrell WE, Haworth KE, Emes RD, Kitchen MO, Glossop JR, Hanna FW, Fryer AA. Maternal genome-wide DNA methylation profiling in gestational diabetes shows distinctive disease-associated changes relative to matched healthy pregnancies. Epigenetics 2018; 13:122-128. [PMID: 27019060 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2016.1166321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Several recent reports have described associations between gestational diabetes (GDM) and changes to the epigenomic landscape where the DNA samples were derived from either cord or placental sources. We employed genome-wide 450K array analysis to determine changes to the epigenome in a unique cohort of maternal blood DNA from 11 pregnant women prior to GDM development relative to matched controls. Hierarchical clustering segregated the samples into 2 distinct clusters comprising GDM and healthy pregnancies. Screening identified 100 CpGs with a mean β-value difference of ≥0.2 between cases and controls. Using stringent criteria, 5 CpGs (within COPS8, PIK3R5, HAAO, CCDC124, and C5orf34 genes) demonstrated potentials to be clinical biomarkers as revealed by differential methylation in 8 of 11 women who developed GDM relative to matched controls. We identified, for the first time, maternal methylation changes prior to the onset of GDM that may prove useful as biomarkers for early therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pensee Wu
- a Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine , Keele University, Guy Hilton Research Center , Staffordshire , UK.,b Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust , Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire , UK
| | - William E Farrell
- a Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine , Keele University, Guy Hilton Research Center , Staffordshire , UK
| | - Kim E Haworth
- a Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine , Keele University, Guy Hilton Research Center , Staffordshire , UK
| | - Richard D Emes
- c School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham , Leicestershire , UK.,d Advanced Data Analysis Center , University of Nottingham , Leicestershire , UK
| | - Mark O Kitchen
- a Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine , Keele University, Guy Hilton Research Center , Staffordshire , UK
| | - John R Glossop
- a Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine , Keele University, Guy Hilton Research Center , Staffordshire , UK.,e Haywood Rheumatology Center, Haywood Hospital , Staffordshire , UK
| | - Fahmy W Hanna
- f Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology , University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust , Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire , UK
| | - Anthony A Fryer
- a Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine , Keele University, Guy Hilton Research Center , Staffordshire , UK
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15
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Rac1-stimulated macropinocytosis enhances Gβγ activation of PI3Kβ. Biochem J 2017; 474:3903-3914. [PMID: 29046393 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI 3-kinases) are regulated by a diverse range of upstream activators, including receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), and small GTPases from the Ras, Rho and Rab families. For the Class IA PI 3-kinase PI3Kβ, two mechanisms for GPCR-mediated regulation have been described: direct binding of Gβγ subunits to the C2-helical domain linker of p110β, and Dock180/Elmo1-mediated activation of Rac1, which binds to the Ras-Binding Domain of p110β. We now show that the integration of these dual pathways is unexpectedly complex. In breast cancer cells, expression of constitutively activated Rac1 (CA-Rac1) along with either GPCR stimulation or expression of Gβγ led to an additive PI3Kβ-dependent activation of Akt. Whereas CA-Rac1-mediated activation of Akt was blocked in cells expressing a mutated PI3Kβ that cannot bind Gβγ, Gβγ and GPCR-mediated activation of Akt was preserved when Rac1 binding to PI3Kβ was blocked. Surprisingly, PI3Kβ-dependent CA-Rac1 signaling to Akt was still seen in cells expressing a mutant p110β that cannot bind Rac1. Instead of directly binding to PI3Kβ, CA-Rac1 acts by enhancing Gβγ coupling to PI3Kβ, as CA-Rac1-mediated Akt activation was blocked by inhibitors of Gβγ. Cells expressing CA-Rac1 exhibited a robust induction of macropinocytosis, and inhibitors of macropinocytosis blocked the activation of Akt by CA-Rac1 or lysophosphatidic acid. Our data suggest that Rac1 can potentiate the activation of PI3Kβ by GPCRs through an indirect mechanism, by driving the formation of macropinosomes that serve as signaling platforms for Gβγ coupling to PI3Kβ.
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16
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Tsvetkov D, Shymanets A, Huang Y, Bucher K, Piekorz R, Hirsch E, Beer-Hammer S, Harteneck C, Gollasch M, Nürnberg B. Better Understanding of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K) Pathways in Vasculature: Towards Precision Therapy Targeting Angiogenesis and Tumor Blood Supply. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2017; 81:691-9. [PMID: 27449615 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297916070051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway is involved in regulation of numerous important cell processes including cell growth, differentiation, and metabolism. The PI3Kα isoform has received particular attention as a novel molecular target in gene therapy, since this isoform plays critical roles in tumor progression and tumor blood flow and angiogenesis. However, the role of PI3Kα and other class I isoforms, i.e. PI3Kβ, γ, δ, in the regulation of vascular tone and regional blood flow are largely unknown. We used novel isoform-specific PI3K inhibitors and mice deficient in both PI3Kγ and PI3Kδ (Pik3cg(-/-)/Pik3cd(-/-)) to define the putative contribution of PI3K isoform(s) to arterial vasoconstriction. Wire myography was used to measure isometric contractions of isolated murine mesenteric arterial rings. Phenylephrine-dependent contractions were inhibited by the pan PI3K inhibitors wortmannin (100 nM) and LY294002 (10 µM). These vasoconstrictions were also inhibited by the PI3Kα isoform inhibitors A66 (10 µM) and PI-103 (1 µM), but not by the PI3Kβ isoform inhibitor TGX 221 (100 nM). Pik3cg(-/-)/Pik3cd(-/-)-arteries showed normal vasoconstriction. We conclude that PI3Kα is an important downstream element in vasoconstrictor GPCR signaling, which contributes to arterial vasocontraction via α1-adrenergic receptors. Our results highlight a regulatory role of PI3Kα in the cardiovascular system, which widens the spectrum of gene therapy approaches targeting PI3Kα in cancer cells and tumor angiogenesis and regional blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Tsvetkov
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Section Nephrology/Intensive Care, Berlin, 13125, Germany.
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