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Outgrowth of fibroblast cells from goat skin explants in three different culture media and the establishment of cell lines. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2010; 47:83-8. [PMID: 21108049 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-010-9373-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Three different commercially available media, known to support human and porcine-specific fibroblast cultures, were tested for their growth potential on goat skin explants. Although outgrowth of fibroblasts was observed in all media tested, irrespective of breed, porcine-specific media exhibited higher rate of growth. Using this media, three fibroblast cell lines (GSF289, GSF737, and GSF2010) from ear skin explants of normal healthy dairy goats of Kiko and Saanen breed were successfully established in culture. Liquid nitrogen stocks of these frozen cells had a viability rate of 96.2% in in vitro cultures. These cells were morphologically indistinguishable from the cell stocks prior to freezing. Analysis of the growth of a fifth passage culture revealed an 'S' shaped growth curve with a population doubling time of 25 h. The cell lines were found negative for microbial, fungal, and mycoplasma contaminations. These goat skin fibroblast lines and the simple method of their isolation and freezing with high rate of viability will provide additional tools to study molecular mechanisms that regulate fibroblast function and for genetic manipulation of small ruminants.
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2
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Chapter 1b Normal and pathological catabolism of glycoproteins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-7306(08)60279-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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3
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Jones MZ, Cavanagh KT, Kranich R, Traviss C, Fujita Y, Ohta M, Matsuura F. Possible beta-mannosidosis chimera. Altered expression of metabolic perturbations. J Inherit Metab Dis 1993; 16:1012-23. [PMID: 8127051 DOI: 10.1007/bf00711519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
An aberrant beta-mannosidosis phenotype in a 5-month-old triplet goat kid was characterized by a late postnatal onset of mild neurological symptoms. Necropsy examination revealed relatively normal myelination; however, the distribution of cytoplasmic vacuolation in the kidney and brain was similar to that observed in neonatal beta-mannosidosis. Variable engraftment of donor stem cells, resulting from transplacental transfusion of stem cells from a normal sibling during the immunotolerant period, may have modified the expected severe beta-mannosidosis phenotype. This investigation was designed to determine the effects of a possible chimeric state on organ-specific metabolic perturbations. Residual beta-mannosidase enzyme activity was found in plasma, kidney, liver and spleen but not in brain. Other lysosomal enzyme activities were comparable to normal values. Immunoreactive beta-mannosidase was estimated to be less than 10% of normal levels. Kidney, brain grey matter and brain white matter contained 33%, 12% and 4%, respectively, of the oligosaccharides expected in the organs of beta-mannosidosis animals. There were no detectable oligosaccharides or cytoplasmic vacuolation in the liver or spleen. Studies of this possible chimera provided preliminary evidence for the efficacy of prenatal treatment of early-onset neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Z Jones
- Department of Pathology, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824
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4
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Bartold PM. Biochemical and immunohistochemical studies on overgrown gingival tissues associated with mannosidosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992; 62:391-9. [PMID: 1360727 DOI: 10.1007/bf02899709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The gingival tissues of a male patient suffering from mannosidosis and presenting with gingival overgrowth have been studied. Routine histological assessment highlighted the presence of highly enlarged and vacuolated lymphocytes. The morphology of the connective tissues, fibroblasts and epithelium appeared normal. Immunohistochemical staining of the tissues for chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan demonstrated a normal distribution of this component throughout the connective tissues and intense staining associated with the vacuolated lymphocytes. In vitro studies indicated that fibroblasts isolated from the overgrown tissue did not differ from age and sex matched control fibroblasts with respect to proliferation, protein and proteoglycan synthesis. Taken together, these findings imply that the gingvial overgrowth noted in this patient was not due to a defect in the resident fibroblasts but rather reflected a secondary response to the tissues to impaired host defence mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Bartold
- Department of Pathology, University of Adelaide, Australia
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5
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van Pelt J, Hokke CH, Dorland L, Duran M. Enzyme studies on human and snail beta-mannosidase using a fluorescence assay and an HPLC/diode array method with Man beta (1-4)GlcNAc as substrate. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1992; 24:669-73. [PMID: 1516738 DOI: 10.1016/0020-711x(92)90345-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
1. Snail beta-mannosidase showed a Km value of 0.05 mM toward MU-beta-Man and could not be inhibited by Man, GlcNAc, Man beta(1-4)GlcNAc, Man beta(1-4)GlcNAc beta(1-N)urea or Man beta(1-4) GlcNAc beta(1-4)GlcNAc. 2. The Km value of the snail enzyme towards Man beta(1-4)GlcNAc, as measured by HPLC, was 10 mM, explaining the lack of inhibition. 3. The Km value of the human serum beta-mannosidase towards MU-beta-Man was 0.3 mM, but the human enzyme was not capable of degrading Man beta(1-4)GlcNAc in detectable amounts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J van Pelt
- University Children's Hospital, Het Wilhelmina Kinderziekenhuis, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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6
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Jones MZ, Rathke EJ, Gage DA, Costello CE, Murakami K, Ohta M, Matsuura F. Oligosaccharides accumulated in the bovine beta-mannosidosis kidney. J Inherit Metab Dis 1992; 15:57-67. [PMID: 1583877 DOI: 10.1007/bf01800344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The phenotype of bovine beta-mannosidosis (beta-mannosidase deficiency), recently identified in Salers cattle, is similar to the caprine form of the disease (Abbitt et al., 1991). This investigation was designed to characterize accumulated kidney oligosaccharides in bovine beta-mannosidosis. Oligosaccharides were extracted from the kidney of an affected Salers calf and purified by chromatographic techniques. The amount of accumulating oligosaccharides in 1 g of wet tissue was about 21 mumol. Structures of derivatized oligosaccharides were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, methylation analysis and sequential exoglycosidase digestions. The major accumulating oligosaccharides were Man beta 1-4GlcNAc and Man beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1-4GlcNAc. Oligosaccharides accumulating in minor amounts were Man beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1-4Man beta 1-4GlcNAc, Man alpha 1-6Man beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1-4GlcNAc and Man beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1-4Man beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1-4GlcNAc. As in caprine beta-mannosidosis, oligosaccharides with terminal beta-mannose residues and cleaved as well as uncleaved chitobiose linkages were identified in bovine beta-mannosidosis kidney. The accumulating oligosaccharides in tissue were thus identical in bovine and caprine beta-mannosidosis; however, the source of the novel oligosaccharides remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Z Jones
- Department of Pathology, Michigan State University, East Lansing
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7
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Abstract
Lysosomal beta-D-mannosidase is the last exoglycosidase involved in the sequential degradation of the N-glycosylproteins glycans. Research on this enzyme was restricted before the discovery of its hereditary deficiency, first in goat (1981) and later in man (1986). We describe the biochemical aspects of these beta-mannosidosis and the properties of the beta-mannosidases of mammalian origin. Our own results concerning human enzyme (from kidney and urine, seminal plasma and blood cells) suggest that, apart from the case of the inherited disease, beta-mannosidase may become a useful tool in other pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Percheron
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université René-Descartes, Paris, France
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8
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Sialyl-alpha 2-6-mannosyl-beta 1-4-N-acetylglucosamine, a novel compound occurring in urine of patients with beta-mannosidosis. J Biol Chem 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)45426-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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9
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Boyer PJ, Jones MZ, Rathke EJ, Truscott NK, Lovell KL. Regional central nervous system oligosaccharide storage in caprine beta-mannosidosis. J Neurochem 1990; 55:660-4. [PMID: 2370553 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb04184.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Goats affected with beta-mannosidosis, an autosomal recessive disease of glycoprotein metabolism, have deficient activity of the lysosomal enzyme beta-mannosidase along with tissue storage of oligosaccharides, including a trisaccharide [Man(beta 1-4)GlcNAc(beta 1-4)GlcNAc] and a disaccharide [Man(beta 1-4)GlcNAc]. CNS myelin deficiency, with regional variation in severity, is a major pathological characteristic of affected goats. This study was designed to investigate regional CNS differences in oligosaccharide accumulation to assess the extent of correlation between oligosaccharide accumulation and severity of myelin deficits. The concentrations of accumulated disaccharide and trisaccharide and the activity of beta-mannosidase were determined in cerebral hemisphere gray and white matter and in spinal cord from three affected and two control neonatal goats. In affected goats, the content of trisaccharide and disaccharide in spinal cord (moderate myelin deficiency) was similar to or greater than that in cerebral hemispheres (severe myelin deficiency). Thus, greater oligosaccharide accumulation was not associated with more severe myelin deficiency. Regional beta-mannosidase activity levels in control goats were consistent with the affected goat oligosaccharide accumulation pattern. The similarity of trisaccharide and disaccharide content in cerebral hemisphere gray and white matter suggested that lysosomal storage vacuoles, more numerous in gray matter, may not be the only location of stored CNS oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Boyer
- Department of Pathology, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824
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van Pelt J, Hokke CH, Dorland L, Duran M, Kamerling JP, Vliegenthart JF. Accumulation of mannosyl-beta(1----4)-N-acetylglucosamine in fibroblasts and leukocytes of patients with a deficiency of beta-mannosidase. Clin Chim Acta 1990; 187:55-60. [PMID: 2317928 DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(90)90261-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cultured fibroblasts from two brothers with beta-mannosidosis were shown to accumulate the disaccharide mannosyl-beta(1----4)-N-acetylglucosamine in amounts of 52 and 68 nmol/mg protein. Structural identification of the Man beta(1----4)GlcNAc, isolated by HPLC, was performed by 500-MHz 1H-NMR spectroscopy and sugar composition analysis. Control fibroblasts did not contain a detectable amount of Man beta(1----4)GlcNAc. The disaccharide was also present in leukocytes from these patients, but not in controls, as could be demonstrated by thin-layer chromatography and sugar composition analysis. However, the amounts in leukocytes (5 and 6 nmol/mg protein) were much smaller than those in fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J van Pelt
- University Children's Hospital Het Wilhelmina Kinderziekenhuis, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Boyer PJ, Lovell KL. Investigation of dysmyelinogenesis in caprine beta-mannosidosis: in vitro characterization of oligodendrocytes. Glia 1990; 3:222-7. [PMID: 2141598 DOI: 10.1002/glia.440030309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Central nervous system myelin deficiency is a consistent feature of caprine beta-mannosidosis, an autosomal recessive neurovisceral lysosomal storage disease. To investigate the possibility of an intrinsic oligodendrocyte defect in beta-mannosidosis, oligodendrocyte-enriched glial cultures from the cerebral hemisphere white matter of two affected and six control goats were compared with respect to culture yield and morphology. Fewer oligodendrocytes were cultured per gram of white matter from affected animals than from control animals. Galactocerebroside-positive oligodendrocytes from all animals were similar morphologically at all stages of culture by phase contrast and fluorescence microscopy. These findings are consistent with in vivo morphological observations and suggest that differentiated oligodendrocytes from affected animals do not show morphological abnormalities in culture. However, increased numbers of galactocerebroside-negative bipolar cells, which may be glial progenitor cells, were present in cultures from affected animals. This observation suggests the possibility of a defect in differentiation to mature oligodendrocytes, with persistence of the undifferentiated glia during late stages of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Boyer
- Department of Pathology, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824
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12
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Abstract
Clinical, pathological and biochemical findings in the mannosidoses are described. Family studies showed granulocyte-rich white cell fractions to be the tissue of choice for carrier detection in beta-mannosidosis. Metabolic labelling studies using [3H] mannose demonstrated accumulation of Man beta 1-4GlcNAc in cultured skin fibroblasts from a patient with this condition. Alternative methods of egress from lysosomes were suggested for this compound by its secretion into culture medium and apparent reduction of storage with time in cultures. beta-mannosidase deficient goats are not thought to be a true animal model of the human condition, as although they showed a similar enzyme deficiency, the clinical presentation is much more severe and the major storage material (Man beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1-4GlcNAc) is different.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cooper
- Willink Biochemical Genetics Unit, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Pendlebury, UK
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13
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Warren CD, Daniel PF, Bugge B, Evans JE, James LF, Jeanloz RW. The structures of oligosaccharides excreted by sheep with swainsonine toxicosis. J Biol Chem 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)68143-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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14
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van Pelt J, Kamerling JP, Vliegenthart JF, Verheijen FW, Galjaard H. Isolation and structural characterization of sialic acid-containing storage material from mucolipidosis I (sialidosis) fibroblasts. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1988; 965:36-45. [PMID: 3349104 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(88)90148-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Sialic acid-containing storage material was isolated from cultured human mucolipidosis I (sialidosis) fibroblasts by gel permeation chromatography on Bio-Gel P-6 followed by medium-pressure anion-exchange chromatography on Mono Q. The structure determination of the isolated sialyloligosaccharides was carried out by 500-MHz 1H-NMR spectroscopy in conjunction with sugar analysis and analytical HPLC. The storage material showed completely sialylated mono-, di- and triantennary N-glycosidic N-acetyllactosamine oligosaccharides having the Man beta 1----4GlcNAc sequence at the reducing end in common. Heterogeneity occurred with respect to the linkages between terminal sialic acid and the penultimate galactose residues (alpha 2----3/alpha 2----6). It turned out that all the identified carbohydrate chains are consistent with the neuraminidase deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- J van Pelt
- Department of Bio-Organic Chemistry, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
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15
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Song ZW, Li SC, Li YT. Absence of endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity in the kidneys of sheep, cattle and pig. Biochem J 1987; 248:145-9. [PMID: 3124807 PMCID: PMC1148511 DOI: 10.1042/bj2480145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The kidneys of man, sheep, cattle and pig were all found to contain 1-aspartamido-beta-acetylglucosamine amidohydrolase activity. However, among these, only human kidney was found to contain endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity. The absence of this enzyme in the kidneys of sheep and cattle explains why the oligosaccharides accumulated in, and excreted by, sheep and cattle afflicted with disorders of glycoprotein catabolism (i.e. alpha-mannosidosis and beta-mannosidosis) contain two N-acetylglucosamine residues at the reducing terminus instead of one, as is the case for human patients afflicted with similar disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z W Song
- Department of Biochemistry, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
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16
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Hancock LW, Dawson G. Evidence for two catabolic endoglycosidase activities in beta-mannosidase-deficient goat fibroblasts. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1987; 928:13-21. [PMID: 2950933 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4889(87)90080-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cultured skin fibroblasts derived from Nubian goats deficient in lysosomal beta-mannosidase, which had previously been shown to accumulate storage oligosaccharides with the structures Man beta 4GlcNAc beta 4GlcNAc and Man beta 4GlcNAc (in the ratio of 2.7:1) were evaluated for their ability to catabolize exogenous [3H]GlcN-labelled glycoproteins isolated from the secretions of cultured goat or human fibroblasts. Regardless of the source of exogenous labelled glycoprotein, affected goat fibroblasts took up the labelled glycoprotein from the culture medium and subsequently accumulated the same major labelled oligosaccharide, identified as Man beta 4GlcNAc beta 4GlcNAc; no such oligosaccharide accumulated in normal goat fibroblasts under the same conditions. Tunicamycin-treated affected fibroblasts also took up labelled exogenous glycoprotein and accumulated labelled storage trisaccharide, further suggesting the direct accumulation of storage trisaccharide from impaired glycoprotein-associated oligosaccharide catabolism. Treatment of metabolically labelled affected fibroblasts with leupeptin, an inhibitor of lysosomal cathepsins, resulted in the 2- to 6-fold inhibition of trisaccharide accumulation, while having little effect on the uptake of [3H]GlcN or the accumulation of labelled disaccharide. The results are most consistent with the presence of two endoglycosidases, an endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase and an endo-aspartylglucosaminidase, in goat fibroblasts. These two activities, rather than heterogeneous core oligosaccharide structures, are responsible for the ultimate accumulation of storage oligosaccharides with one and two GlcNAc residues at their reducing terminus.
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Dahl DL, Warren CD, Rathke EJ, Jones MZ. Beta-mannosidosis: prenatal detection of caprine allantoic fluid oligosaccharides with thin layer, gel permeation and high performance liquid chromatography. J Inherit Metab Dis 1986; 9:93-8. [PMID: 3088329 DOI: 10.1007/bf01813910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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