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Veettil SP, Gopinath A, Madhan B, Shanmugam G. A cyclodextrin-based macrocyclic oligosaccharide cavitand with a dual functionality limits the collagen fibrillogenesis: A possible carbohydrate-based therapeutic molecule for fibrotic diseases. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 207:222-231. [PMID: 35259432 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD), a macrocyclic oligosaccharide cavitand, is a well-known candidate for drug delivery and formulation. In this study, we extended the application of β-CD using a β-cyclodextrin sulfate (β-CDS) as a possible therapeutic for fibrotic diseases caused by excess deposition of collagen fibrils. We have strategically chosen β-CDS, which mimics the natural existence of dermatan sulfate in the extracellular matrix, for limiting collagen fibrillation. The hydrophobic nature of the inner core β-CDS is expected to form an inclusion complex with hydrophobic side chain amino acids with the simultaneous action of forming an ionic bond through a negative charge on sulfate group with positively charged amino acids side chain in collagen. Various results suggested that such dual action not only limited the collagen fibrillation but also reduced the fibril size formed in the presence of β-CDS. The contemporary results thus indicate that β-CDS can be explored as a therapeutic molecule in fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sruthi Puthan Veettil
- Organic & Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) - Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai 600020, India
| | - Arun Gopinath
- CARE Division, CSIR-CLRI, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India
| | | | - Ganesh Shanmugam
- Organic & Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) - Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai 600020, India.
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Mahale A, Fikri F, Al Hati K, Al Shahwan S, Al Jadaan I, Al Katan H, Khandekar R, Maktabi A, Edward DP. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical features of capsular tissue around failed Ahmed glaucoma valves. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187506. [PMID: 29121102 PMCID: PMC5679546 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Impervious encapsulation around Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) results in surgical failure raising intraocular pressure (IOP). Dysregulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules and cellular factors might contribute to increased hydraulic resistance to aqueous drainage. Therefore, we examined these molecules in failed AGV capsular tissue. Immunostaining for ECM molecules (collagen I, collagen III, decorin, lumican, chondroitin sulfate, aggrecan and keratan sulfate) and cellular factors (αSMA and TGFβ) was performed on excised capsules from failed AGVs and control tenon’s tissue. Staining intensity of ECM molecules was assessed using Image J. Cellular factors were assessed based on positive cell counts. Histopathologically two distinct layers were visible in capsules. The inner layer (proximal to the AGV) showed significant decrease in most ECM molecules compared to outer layer. Furthermore, collagen III (p = 0.004), decorin (p = 0.02), lumican (p = 0.01) and chondroitin sulfate (p = 0.02) was significantly less in inner layer compared to tenon’s tissue. Outer layer labelling however was similar to control tenon’s for most ECM molecules. Significantly increased cellular expression of αSMA (p = 0.02) and TGFβ (p = 0.008) was detected within capsular tissue compared to controls. Our results suggest profibrotic activity indicated by increased αSMA and TGFβ expression and decreased expression of proteoglycan (decorin and lumican) and glycosaminoglycans (chondroitin sulfate). Additionally, we observed decreased collagen III which might reflect increased myofibroblast contractility when coupled with increased TGFβ and αSMA expression. Together these events lead to tissue dysfunction potentially resulting in hydraulic resistance that may affect aqueous flow through the capsular wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka Mahale
- King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma Fikri
- King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khitam Al Hati
- King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami Al Shahwan
- King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Al Jadaan
- King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hind Al Katan
- King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajiv Khandekar
- King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Azza Maktabi
- King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Deepak P. Edward
- King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail: ,
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3
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Yamauchi T, Hirose T, Sato K, Iwai K, Takahashi N, Minaguchi J, Ueno T, Tangkawattana P, Takehana K. Changes in skin structure of the Zip13-KO mouse by Makomo (Zizania latifolia) feeding. J Vet Med Sci 2017; 79:1563-1568. [PMID: 28781296 PMCID: PMC5627329 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a group of disorders caused by abnormalities in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) plays a crucial role in formation of the ECM by the SMAD (Sma-and Mad-related protein, mothers against decapentaplegic homolog) pathway. It has been reported that loss of function of zinc transporter ZRT/IRT-like protein 13 (ZIP13) is the cause of the spondylocheiro dysplastic form of EDS (SCD-EDS: OMIM 612350). Our previous study suggested that TGF-β1 has a relationship with the skin pathological condition in the Zip13-Knockout (KO) mouse, which is a model of SCD-EDS. Thus far, effective treatment based on modern medicine for this syndrome has not yet been established. According to an approach of traditional Chinese medicine, the present study investigates the medicinal effects of Makomo (Zizania latifolia) on certain aspects of SCD-EDS, such as skin morphology and plasma TGF-β1, in Zip13-KO mice. Increases in densities of collagen fibers and fibrils without a significant change in thickness of the dermal layer were observed in the group of mice fed a Makomo-containing diet. No change in the amount of collagen suggests that Makomo feed does not elevate collagen synthesis, but changes the length of glycosaminoglycan chains and decreases the distance between collagen fibrils. In conclusion, the changes of the skin structure suggest that Makomo can increase the mechanical strength of skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Yamauchi
- Laboratory of Microanatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan.,The Maple Foundation, Chuou-ku, Tokyo 103-0014, Japan
| | - Takuya Hirose
- Laboratory of Microanatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Kaho Sato
- Laboratory of Microanatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Kenji Iwai
- Japan Institute of Leather Research, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Naoki Takahashi
- Laboratory of Microanatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Jun Minaguchi
- Laboratory of Microanatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ueno
- Laboratory of Mathematics, School of Food Science and Human Wellness, Rakuno Gakuen University Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Prasarn Tangkawattana
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Kazushige Takehana
- Laboratory of Microanatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
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Ventura RD, Padalhin AR, Min YK, Lee BT. Bone Regeneration Using Hydroxyapatite Sponge Scaffolds with In Vivo Deposited Extracellular Matrix. Tissue Eng Part A 2015; 21:2649-61. [PMID: 26228909 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2015.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
There is currently an increased interest in studying the extracellular matrix (ECM) and its potential applications for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The ECM plays an important role by providing adhesive substrates to cells during migration, morphogenesis, differentiation, and homeostasis by signaling biochemical and biomechanical cues to cells. In this study, the ECM was incorporated into hydroxyapatite by implanting sponge replica scaffolds in subcutaneous pockets in rats, and the implants were tested for bone regeneration potential. The resulting scaffolds were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, confocal microscopy, DNA and RNA quantification, tissue staining, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis, compressive strength testing, porosity, and pore size distribution analysis using bare scaffolds as a control reference. Biocompatibility was assessed using MC3T3-E1 preosteoblast cells and in vivo studies were carried out by implanting decellularized scaffolds in 11 mm radial defects in New Zealand rabbits for 4 and 8 weeks to determine the effect of the in vivo deposited ECM. Material characterization indicated that a 2-week decellularized scaffold was the best among the samples, with an evenly distributed ECM visible on hematoxylin and eosin-stained tissue sections, a compressive strength of 2.53 ± 0.68 MPa, a porosity of 58.08 ± 3.32% and a pore size distribution range of 10-150 μm. In vivo results showed no severe inflammation, with increased cell infiltration followed by dense matrix deposition after 4 weeks and new bone formation at 8 weeks. The results indicate that incorporation of an in vivo deposited ECM into ceramic scaffolds can potentially improve bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiza Dolendo Ventura
- 1 Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University , Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Andrew Reyes Padalhin
- 1 Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University , Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ki Min
- 2 Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University , Cheonan, Republic of Korea.,3 Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University , Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong-Taek Lee
- 1 Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University , Cheonan, Republic of Korea.,3 Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University , Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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Li Y, Liu Y, Xia W, Lei D, Voorhees JJ, Fisher GJ. Age-dependent alterations of decorin glycosaminoglycans in human skin. Sci Rep 2014; 3:2422. [PMID: 23939413 PMCID: PMC3741628 DOI: 10.1038/srep02422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteoglycans, a family of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) conjugated proteins, are important constituents of human skin connective tissue (dermis) and are essential for maintaining mechanical strength of the skin. Age-related alterations of dermal proteoglycans have not been fully elucidated. We quantified transcripts of 20 known interstitial proteoglycans in human skin and found that decorin was the most highly expressed. Decorin was predominantly produced by dermal fibroblasts. Decorin was localized in dermal extracellular matrix with GAG bound to type I collagen fibrils. Analysis of decorin extracted from young (21–30 years) and aged (>80 years) sun-protected human buttock skin revealed that decorin molecular size in aged skin is significantly smaller than in young skin. The average size of decorin protein did not alter, indicating size of GAG chain is reduced in aged, compared to young skin. This age-dependent alteration of decorin GAG may contribute to skin fragility of elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Li Y, Xia W, Liu Y, Remmer HA, Voorhees J, Fisher GJ. Solar ultraviolet irradiation induces decorin degradation in human skin likely via neutrophil elastase. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72563. [PMID: 24023624 PMCID: PMC3758340 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure of human skin to solar ultraviolet (UV) irradiation induces matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) activity, which degrades type I collagen fibrils. Type I collagen is the most abundant protein in skin and constitutes the majority of skin connective tissue (dermis). Degradation of collagen fibrils impairs the structure and function of skin that characterize skin aging. Decorin is the predominant proteoglycan in human dermis. In model systems, decorin binds to and protects type I collagen fibrils from proteolytic degradation by enzymes such as MMP-1. Little is known regarding alterations of decorin in response to UV irradiation. We found that solar-simulated UV irradiation of human skin in vivo stimulated substantial decorin degradation, with kinetics similar to infiltration of polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells. Proteases that were released from isolated PMN cells degraded decorin in vitro. A highly selective inhibitor of neutrophil elastase blocked decorin breakdown by proteases released from PMN cells. Furthermore, purified neutrophil elastase cleaved decorin in vitro and generated fragments with similar molecular weights as those resulting from protease activity released from PMN cells, and as observed in UV-irradiated human skin. Cleavage of decorin by neutrophil elastase significantly augmented fragmentation of type I collagen fibrils by MMP-1. Taken together, these data indicate that PMN cell proteases, especially neutrophil elastase, degrade decorin, and this degradation renders collagen fibrils more susceptible to MMP-1 cleavage. These data identify decorin degradation and neutrophil elastase as potential therapeutic targets for mitigating sun exposure-induced collagen fibril degradation in human skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Wei Xia
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Henriette A. Remmer
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America,
| | - John Voorhees
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Gary J. Fisher
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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7
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Engebretsen KVT, Waehre A, Bjørnstad JL, Skrbic B, Sjaastad I, Behmen D, Marstein HS, Yndestad A, Aukrust P, Christensen G, Tønnessen T. Decorin, lumican, and their GAG chain-synthesizing enzymes are regulated in myocardial remodeling and reverse remodeling in the mouse. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2013; 114:988-97. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00793.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
On the basis of the role of small, leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) in fibrogenesis and inflammation, we hypothesized that they could be involved in cardiac remodeling and reverse remodeling as occurs during aortic stenosis and after aortic valve replacement. Thus, in a well-characterized aortic banding-debanding mouse model, we examined the SLRPs decorin and lumican and enzymes responsible for synthesis of their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains. Four weeks after banding of the ascending aorta, mice were subjected to a debanding operation (DB) and were subsequently followed for 3 or 14 days. Sham-operated mice served as controls. Western blotting revealed a 2.5-fold increase in the protein levels of glycosylated decorin in mice with left ventricular pressure overload after aortic banding (AB) with a gradual decrease after DB. Interestingly, protein levels of three key enzymes responsible for decorin GAG chain synthesis were also increased after AB, two of them gradually declining after DB. The inflammatory chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 16 (CXCL16) was increased after AB but was not significantly altered following DB. In cardiac fibroblasts CXCL16 increased the expression of the GAG-synthesizing enzyme chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF). The protein levels of lumican core protein with N-linked oligosaccharides increased by sevenfold after AB and decreased again 14 days after DB. Lumican with keratan sulfate chains was not regulated. In conclusion, this study shows alterations in glycosylated decorin and lumican core protein that might be implicated in myocardial remodeling and reverse remodeling, with a potential important role for CS/DS GAG chain-synthesizing enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin V. T. Engebretsen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo
| | - Anne Waehre
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo
| | - Johannes L. Bjørnstad
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo
| | - Biljana Skrbic
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo
| | - Dina Behmen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo
| | - Henriette S. Marstein
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo
| | - Arne Yndestad
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo
- Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo; and
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo; and
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious diseases, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir Christensen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo
| | - Theis Tønnessen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo
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Waehre A, Vistnes M, Sjaastad I, Nygård S, Husberg C, Lunde IG, Aukrust P, Yndestad A, Vinge LE, Behmen D, Neukamm C, Brun H, Thaulow E, Christensen G. Chemokines regulate small leucine-rich proteoglycans in the extracellular matrix of the pressure-overloaded right ventricle. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2012; 112:1372-82. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01350.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines have been suggested to play a role during development of left ventricular failure, but little is known about their role during right ventricular (RV) remodeling and dysfunction. We have previously shown that the chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 13 (CXCL13) regulates small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs). We hypothesized that chemokines are upregulated in the pressure-overloaded RV, and that they regulate SLRPs. Mice with RV pressure overload following pulmonary banding (PB) had a significant increase in RV weight and an increase in liver weight after 1 wk. Microarray analysis (Affymetrix) of RV tissue from mice with PB revealed that CXCL10, CXCL6, chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 (CX3CL1), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5), CXCL16, and CCL2 were the most upregulated chemokines. Stimulation of cardiac fibroblasts with these same chemokines showed that CXCL16 increased the expression of the four SLRPs: decorin, lumican, biglycan, and fibromodulin. CCL5 increased the same SLRPs, except decorin, whereas CX3CL1 increased the expression of decorin and lumican. CXCL16, CX3CL1, and CCL5 were also shown to increase the levels of glycosylated decorin and lumican in the medium after stimulation of fibroblasts. In the pressure-overloaded RV tissue, Western blotting revealed an increase in the total protein level of lumican and a glycosylated form of decorin with a higher molecular weight compared with control mice. Both mice with PB and patients with pulmonary stenosis had significantly increased circulating levels of CXCL16 compared with healthy controls measured by enzyme immunoassay. In conclusion, we have found that chemokines are upregulated in the pressure-overloaded RV and that CXCL16, CX3CL1, and CCL5 regulate expression and posttranslational modifications of SLRPs in cardiac fibroblasts. In the pressure-overloaded RV, protein levels of lumican were increased, and a glycosylated form of decorin with a high molecular weight appeared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Waehre
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo,
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo,
| | - Maria Vistnes
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo,
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo,
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo,
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo,
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål,
| | - Ståle Nygård
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo,
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo,
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Institute for Medical Informatics,
| | - Cathrine Husberg
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo,
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo,
| | - Ida Gjervold Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo,
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo,
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Research Institute for Internal Medicine,
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, and
| | - Arne Yndestad
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo,
- Research Institute for Internal Medicine,
| | - Leif E. Vinge
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo,
- Research Institute for Internal Medicine,
- Departments of 7Cardiology and
| | - Dina Behmen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo,
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo,
| | - Christian Neukamm
- Pediatric Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Henrik Brun
- Pediatric Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erik Thaulow
- Pediatric Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir Christensen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo,
- KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo,
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Dermatan sulfate epimerase 1-deficient mice have reduced content and changed distribution of iduronic acids in dermatan sulfate and an altered collagen structure in skin. Mol Cell Biol 2009; 29:5517-28. [PMID: 19687302 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00430-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dermatan sulfate epimerase 1 (DS-epi1) and DS-epi2 convert glucuronic acid to iduronic acid in chondroitin/dermatan sulfate biosynthesis. Here we report on the generation of DS-epi1-null mice and the resulting alterations in the chondroitin/dermatan polysaccharide chains. The numbers of long blocks of adjacent iduronic acids are greatly decreased in skin decorin and biglycan chondroitin/dermatan sulfate, along with a parallel decrease in iduronic-2-O-sulfated-galactosamine-4-O-sulfated structures. Both iduronic acid blocks and iduronic acids surrounded by glucuronic acids are also decreased in versican-derived chains. DS-epi1-deficient mice are smaller than their wild-type littermates but otherwise have no gross macroscopic alterations. The lack of DS-epi1 affects the chondroitin/dermatan sulfate in many proteoglycans, and the consequences for skin collagen structure were initially analyzed. We found that the skin collagen architecture was altered, and electron microscopy showed that the DS-epi1-null fibrils have a larger diameter than the wild-type fibrils. The altered chondroitin/dermatan sulfate chains carried by decorin in skin are likely to affect collagen fibril formation and reduce the tensile strength of DS-epi1-null skin.
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10
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Batbayal T, Ishii Y, Nomura Y, Watanabe M, Yasuko T, Nakamura S. Change in decorin during aging of rat placenta. Connect Tissue Res 2006; 47:235-41. [PMID: 16987756 DOI: 10.1080/03008200600883138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
By immunohistochemistry, with or without chondroitinases, decorin was found to be distributed in the extracellular matrix of chorionic villi and amnia. The strength of staining intensified with increasing gestational age. Decorin was isolated from the placenta of 13- to 20-day-old pregnant rats and identified by Western blotting, using an antidecorin core protein antibody. The molecular weight of decorin is approximately 100 kDa, whereas the respective figures for the core protein treated with chondroitinase (chase) ABC and with chase B are approximately 40 kDa and 43 kDa. The difference in the molecular weight between the core protein with chase ABC and B suggests that the glycosaminoglycan (GAG)- base structure on the core protein was chondroitin sulfate (CS) without dermatan sulfate (DS). The decorin content and the proportion of CS to DS in GAG increased with age. We concluded that the age-related changes in the GAG chain may be related to specific functional properties and may have a crucial role in placental tissue organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tumurbaatar Batbayal
- Department of Applied Protein Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Abstract
Decorin, the main proteoglycan in skin, has a small size with a core protein of approximately 40kDa and one chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain. The main function of decorin is to regulate the collagen matrix assembly. Decorin is distributed along collagen fibrils with the core protein and the decorin GAG chain controls the distance between the collagen fibrils. Reducing the length of the decorin GAG chain reduces the distance between the collagen fibrils. Age-related changes in decorin are apparent in the GAG chain in respect to the molecular size and sulfate position but not in the core protein. Structural changes in the decorin GAG chain may be involved in changes in collagen matrix assembly during the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Nomura
- Department of Applied Protein Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
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Ji SL, Du HY, Chi YQ, Cui HF, Cao JC, Geng MY, Guan HS. Effects of dermatan sulfate derivatives on platelet surface P-selectin expression and protein C activity in blood of inflammatory bowel disease patients. World J Gastroenterol 2004; 10:3485-9. [PMID: 15526370 PMCID: PMC4576232 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v10.i23.3485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of dermatan sulfate (DS) derivatives on platelet surface P-selectin expression and blood activated protein C (APC) activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and to clarity the anti-inflammatory mechanism of DS derivatives.
METHODS: Dermatan sulfate (DS) was sulfated with chlorosulfonic acid to prepare polysulfated dermatan sulfate (PSDS). The major disaccharides of DS and PSDS were determined by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) and 13C-NMR. Both DS and PSDS were depolymerized with hydrogen peroxide. The fragments were separated by gel filtration chromatography. The effects of DS derivatives on P-selectin expression were assayed by ELISA method, and blood APC activity was assayed by the synthetic chromogenic substrate method.
RESULTS: The major disaccharides of DS and PSDS were IdoA-1→3-GalNAc-4-SO3 and IdoA-2SO3-1→3-GalNAc4, 6-diSO3, respectively. Compared with the adenosine diphosphate stimulated group and IBD control group, DS and its derivatives all had significant inhibitory effects on P-selectin expression (P < 0.01), but there was no difference between DS-derived oligosaccharides (DSOSs) and PSDS-derived oligosaccharides (PSDSOSs). The experiments on APC activity showed that DS and its derivatives all enhanced APC activity. The most active DSOS was the one with a relative molecular weight (Mr) of 4825, which enhanced the APC activity from 106.5% ± 11.5% to 181.8% ± 22.3% (P < 0.01). With the decrease of Mr, the activity of DSOSs decreased gradually. The effect of PSDS on APC activity enhancement was more significant than that of DS, and the APC activity was raised to 205.2% ± 22.1% (P < 0.01). All the PSDSOSs were more active than DSOSs on the basis of comparable Mr. With the decrease of Mr, the activity of PSDSOSs increased gradually, and the most active PSDSOS was PSDSOS3 with Mr of 2749, which enhanced the APC activity to 331.2% ± 27.8% (P < 0.01), then the activity of PSDSOSs decreased gradually.
CONCLUSION: DS and its derivatives can significantly inhibit P-selectin expression on platelet surface, but the effect has no correlation with DS molecular mass and sulfation. The effect of DS or its derivatives on APC activity at molecular level involves complex mechanisms that depend on the molecular mass, the degree of sulfation, and the heterogeneous composition of DS. On the same molecular size, the higher the degree of DS sulfation, the more significant the effect on enhancing APC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Li Ji
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Marine Drug and Food Institute, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China.
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