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Jiang T, Wang A, Wen G, Qi H, Gu Y, Tang W, Xu C, Ren S, Zhang S, Liu S, He Y. Calycosin promotes axon growth by inhibiting PTPRS and alleviates spinal cord injury. J Mol Neurosci 2024; 74:60. [PMID: 38904846 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-024-02235-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Our former studies have identified the alleviating effect of Calycosin (CA) on spinal cord injury (SCI). In this study, our purpose is to explore the influence of CA on SCI from the perspective of promoting axon growth. The SCI animal model was constructed by spinal cord compression, wherein rat primary cortex neuronal isolation was performed, and the axonal growth restriction cell model was established via chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) treatment. The expressions of axon regeneration markers were measured via immunofluorescent staining and western blot, and the direct target of CA was examined using silver staining. Finally, the expression of the protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type S (PTPRS) was assessed using western blot. CA treatment increased neuronal process outgrowth and the expressions of axon regeneration markers, such as neurofilament H (NF-H), vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (vGlut1), and synaptophysin (Syn) in both SCI model rats and CSPG-treated primary cortical neurons, and PTPRS levels were elevated after SCI induction. In addition, PTPRS was the direct target of CA, and according to in vivo findings, exposure to CA reduced the PTPRS content. Furthermore, PTPRS overexpression inhibited CA's enhancement of axon regeneration marker content and neuronal axon lengths. CA improves SCI by increasing axon development through regulating PTPRS expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Jiang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570216, Hainan Province, China
- Graduate School of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Aitao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hohhot First Hospital, Hohhot, 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Guangyu Wen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570216, Hainan Province, China
| | - Hao Qi
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570216, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yuntao Gu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570216, Hainan Province, China
| | - Wenhai Tang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570216, Hainan Province, China
| | - Chunzhao Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570216, Hainan Province, China
| | - Shanwu Ren
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570216, Hainan Province, China
| | - Shunli Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570216, Hainan Province, China
| | - Shengxing Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570216, Hainan Province, China.
| | - Yongxiong He
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570216, Hainan Province, China.
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Shi L, Duan L, Duan D, Xu H, Li X, Zhao W. Long non-coding RNA DANCR increases spinal cord neuron apoptosis and inflammation of spinal cord injury by mediating the microRNA-146a-5p/MAPK6 axis. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2024; 33:2056-2067. [PMID: 38551688 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-024-08216-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This research was to unravel the impact of the lncRNA differentiation antagonizing non-protein coding RNA (DANCR)/microRNA (miR)-146a-5p/mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (MAPK6) axis on spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS SCI mouse models were established and injected with si-DANCR or miR-146a-5p agomir. The recovery of motor function was assessed by Basso Mouse Scale. SCI was pathologically evaluated, and serum inflammatory factors were measured in SCI mice. Mouse spinal cord neurons were injured by H2O2 and transfected, followed by assessment of proliferation and apoptosis. DANCR, miR-146a-5p, and MAPK6 in tissues and cells were detected, as well as their relationship. RESULTS DANCR increased and miR-146a-5p decreased in SCI. Silencing DANCR or enhancing miR-146a-5p stimulated the proliferation of mouse spinal cord neurons and reduced apoptosis. DANCR was bound to miR-146a-5p to target MAPK6. DANCR affected the proliferation and apoptosis of spinal cord neurons by mediating the miR-146a-5p/MAPK6 axis. Downregulating DANCR or upregulating miR-146a-5p improved inflammation, the destruction of spinal cord tissue structure, and apoptosis in SCI mice. CONCLUSION DANCR affects spinal cord neuron apoptosis and inflammation of SCI by mediating the miR-146a-5p/MAPK6 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, No. 256 Youyi West Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710068, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liang Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, No. 256 Youyi West Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710068, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Dapeng Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, No. 256 Youyi West Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710068, Shaanxi, China
| | - Honghai Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, No. 256 Youyi West Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710068, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, No. 256 Youyi West Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710068, Shaanxi, China
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Xu M, Zhang W, Xu S, Niu X, Wang L, Wang X, Hao H. Elucidation of the mechanism of Zhenbao pills for the treatment of spinal cord injury by network pharmacology and molecular docking: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e36970. [PMID: 38363936 PMCID: PMC10869052 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
To explore the mechanism of the Zhenbao pill (ZBP) in treating spinal cord injury (SCI). The TCMSP Database, HERB Database and literature search were used to screen the effective ingredients and targets of ZBP; SCI-related genes were searched in GeneCards, OMIM, PharmGkb, TTD and DrugBank databases; the potential targets of ZBP for treating SCI were predicted and Venn diagrams were drawn, and the "herb-ingredient-target" network was constructed by Cytoscape software. The PPI network was constructed by STRING software, and the core targets were screened by cytoNCA plug-in; GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis were performed on the predicted targets using the DAVID Platform, and visualized with the Microbiology Network Platform. The molecular docking between the key ingredients and the core target was carried out by AutoDockVina software. 391 active ingredients and 836 action targets were obtained from ZBP and there are 1557 SCI related genes in 5 disease databases. The top 5 active ingredients were Quercetin, Camptothecin, Kaempferol, Ethyl iso-allocholate, and Ethyl linoleate, and 5 core genes were SRC, CTNNB1, TP53, AKT1, and STAT3. GO enrichment analysis showed that the core targets were involved in 1206 biological processes, 120 cellular components and 160 molecular functions; KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the core targets involved 183 pathways, including PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and other signaling pathways. Molecular docking indicated that CTNNB1, SRC, TP53, AKT1 and STAT3 showed good binding ability with the active ingredients quercetin, kaempferol and ethyl isobutyric acid. ZBP improves SCI through multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
- Periodical Press of Fujian Journal of TCM, Fujian University of traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaochen Niu
- Basic Medical Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Fifth Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Li Wang
- Basic Medical Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Basic Medical Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Haihu Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
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Shao Y, Wang Q, Liu L, Wang J, Wu M. Exosomes from microRNA 146a overexpressed bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells protect against spinal cord injury in rats. J Orthop Sci 2023; 28:1149-1156. [PMID: 35985935 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2022.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the effect of microRNA 146a (miR-146a) overexpressed bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) exosomes on spinal cord injury (SCI) recovery. METHODS Rat BMMSCs were isolated and transfected with miR-146a mimic (miR-mimic) and control mimic (NC-mimic), after which their exosomes were isolated. Afterward, SCI rat models were constructed, then treated with phosphate buffer saline (PBS), NC BMMSCs exosomes (separated from the culture medium of BMMSCs with NC-mimic), and miR-146a overexpressed BMMSCs exosomes (isolated from the culture medium of BMMSCs with miR-mimic), respectively; additionally, rats underwent sham surgery were treated with PBS as controls. RESULTS MiR-146a was upregulated in BMMSCs, and BMMSCs derived exosomes post miR-mimic transfection. Then in SCI rats, BMMSCs exosomes elevated the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) score and reduced hematoxylin&eosin-reflected spinal cord tissue injury. In addition, BMMSCs exosomes did not affect TUNEL positive cells rate while increased NeuN(+) cells/field in spinal cord tissue from SCI rats. As for inflammation, BMMSCs exosomes repressed pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, in spinal cord tissue from SCI rats. Furthermore, miR-146a overexpressed BMMSCs exosomes presented with notably better effects regarding elevating BBB score in SCI rats and reducing tissue injury, neuron apoptosis, and inflammation while enhancing neuron viability in spinal cord tissue from SCI rats. CONCLUSIONS MiR-146a overexpressed BMMSCs exosomes enhance locomotor capacity and neuron viability while reducing neuron apoptosis and spinal cord tissue inflammation in SCI rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shao
- Department of Sports Medicine, Wuxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Wuxi, China.
| | - Qiubo Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuxi 9th Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Wuxi, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuxi 9th People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Wuxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Department of Joint Orthopedics, Wuxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Mao Wu
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Wuxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Wuxi, China.
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Gilyazova I, Asadullina D, Kagirova E, Sikka R, Mustafin A, Ivanova E, Bakhtiyarova K, Gilyazova G, Gupta S, Khusnutdinova E, Gupta H, Pavlov V. MiRNA-146a-A Key Player in Immunity and Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12767. [PMID: 37628949 PMCID: PMC10454149 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
miRNA-146a, a single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecule, has emerged as a valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for numerous pathological conditions. Its primary function lies in regulating inflammatory processes, haemopoiesis, allergic responses, and other key aspects of the innate immune system. Several studies have indicated that polymorphisms in miRNA-146a can influence the pathogenesis of various human diseases, including autoimmune disorders and cancer. One of the key mechanisms by which miRNA-146a exerts its effects is by controlling the expression of certain proteins involved in critical pathways. It can modulate the activity of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase, IRAK1, IRAK2 adaptor proteins, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) targeting protein receptor 6, which is a regulator of the TNF signalling pathway. In addition, miRNA-146a affects gene expression through multiple signalling pathways, such as TNF, NF-κB and MEK-1/2, and JNK-1/2. Studies have been carried out to determine the effect of miRNA-146a on cancer pathogenesis, revealing its involvement in the synthesis of stem cells, which contributes to tumourigenesis. In this review, we focus on recent discoveries that highlight the significant role played by miRNA-146a in regulating various defence mechanisms and oncogenesis. The aim of this review article is to systematically examine miRNA-146a's impact on the control of signalling pathways involved in oncopathology, immune system development, and the corresponding response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Gilyazova
- Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, 450054 Ufa, Russia (E.K.)
| | - Dilara Asadullina
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia (A.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Evelina Kagirova
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia (A.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Ruhi Sikka
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India
| | - Artur Mustafin
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia (A.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Elizaveta Ivanova
- Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, 450054 Ufa, Russia (E.K.)
| | - Ksenia Bakhtiyarova
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia (A.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Gulshat Gilyazova
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia (A.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India
| | - Elza Khusnutdinova
- Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, 450054 Ufa, Russia (E.K.)
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia (A.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Himanshu Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India
| | - Valentin Pavlov
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia (A.M.); (G.G.)
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Chen H, Li H, Yin X, Liu Y, Zhang T, Wu H, Kang G, Yu Y, Bai M, Bao L, Yang J, Dong W. The therapeutic effect of Zhenbao pills on behavioral changes in zebrafish caused by aluminum chloride. Biomed Pharmacother 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
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Li M, Hasiqiqige, Huan Y, Wang X, Tao M, Jiang T, Xie H, Jisiguleng W, Xing W, Zhu Z, Wang A, He Y. Calycosin ameliorates spinal cord injury by targeting Hsp90 to inhibit oxidative stress and apoptosis of nerve cells. J Chem Neuroanat 2023; 127:102190. [PMID: 36402284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2022.102190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zhenbao pill is effective in protecting against spinal cord injury (SCI). We attempt to explore the characteristics of calycosin (a main monomer of Zhenbao pill) in SCI and its relative mechanism. METHODS The target of calycosin was screened using pharmacological network analysis. The SCI cell model was constructed using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and the animal model was developed by compressing spinal cord with a vascular clamp. Flow cytometry was conducted to test reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and cell apoptosis. Detection of malondialdehyde (MDA) activity and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were performed using relative kits. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) was examined using western blot and quantitative real-time PCR. Motor function tests were carried out. The hematoxylin-eosin and Nissl staining were conducted. RESULTS In SCI models, ROS, MDA, and cell apoptosis were elevated, SOD and HSP90 levels were restrained, while calycosin addition reversed the above results. Besides, calycosin application or HSP90 overexpression enhanced phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) but weakened that of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and p38, while HSP90 inhibitor 17-AAG treatment restrained the above results. Meanwhile, the injection of calycosin improved the motor function in SCI model rats. Furthermore, the pathologic results also clarified the positive effect of calycosin on SCI. CONCLUSION HSP90 was lowly expressed in SCI models. Calycosin alleviated SCI by promoting HSP90 up-regulation and inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis of nerve cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingdong Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311 Hainan Province, China
| | - Hasiqiqige
- Inner Mongolia innovative Engineering Research Center, Hohhot, 010060 Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yanqiang Huan
- Department of Spine Surgery, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, 010017 Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, 010017 Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Mingkai Tao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, 010017 Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Tianqi Jiang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, 010017 Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hongbin Xie
- Department of Spine Surgery, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, 010017 Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Wu Jisiguleng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, 010017 Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Wei Xing
- Department of Spine Surgery, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, 010017 Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhibo Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, 010017 Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Aitao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, 010017 Inner Mongolia, China.
| | - Yongxiong He
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570216 Hainan Province, China.
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Sun Y, Wang J, Han B, Meng K, Han Y, Ding Y. Elucidating the Molecular Mechanism of Ischemic Stroke Using Integrated Analysis of miRNA, mRNA, and lncRNA Expression Profiles. Front Integr Neurosci 2021; 15:638114. [PMID: 34483854 PMCID: PMC8415716 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2021.638114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the possible molecular mechanisms associated with ischemic stroke through the construction of a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network. miRNA expression profile in GSE55937, mRNA and lncRNA expression profiles in GSE122709, and mRNA expression profile in GSE146882 were downloaded from the NCBI GEO database. After the identification of the differentially expressed miRNA, lncRNA, and mRNA using GSE55937 and GSE122709 in ischemic stroke vs. control groups, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. The lncRNA-miRNA, lncRNA-mRNA, and miRNA-mRNA pairs were predicted, and a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed. Additionally, the gene-drug interactions were predicted. Characteristic genes were used to construct a support vector machine (SVM) model and verified using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. In total 38 miRNAs, 115 lncRNAs, and 990 mRNAs were identified between ischemic stroke and control groups. A PPI network with 371 nodes and 2306 interaction relationships was constructed. The constructed lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network contained 7 mRNAs, 14 lncRNAs, such as SND1-IT1, NAPA-AS1, LINC01001, LUCAT1, and ASAP1-IT2, and 8 miRNAs, such as miR-93-3p and miR-24-3p. The drug action analysis of the seven differential mRNAs included in the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network showed that four genes (GPR17, ADORA1, OPRM1 and LPAR3) were predicted as molecular targets of drugs. The area under the curve of the constructed SVM model was 0.886. The verification results of the relative expression of RNA by qRT-PCR were consistent with the results of bioinformatics analysis. LPAR3, ADORA1, GPR17, and OPRM1 may serve as therapeutic targets of ischemic stroke. lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory axis such as SND1-IT1/NAPA-AS1/LINC01001-miR-24-3p-LPAR3/ADORA1 and LUCAT1/ASAP1-IT2-miR-93-3p-GPR17 may play important roles in the progression of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxuan Sun
- Department of Neurology, Shanxi People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanxi People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Bin Han
- Department of Neurology, Shanxi People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Kun Meng
- Department of Neurology, Shanxi People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yan Han
- Department of Neurology, Shanxi People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yongxia Ding
- College of Nursing, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Jia Y, Chen X, Chen Y, Li H, Ma X, Xing W, Zhao K. Zhenbao pill attenuates hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis by inhibiting autophagy in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 274:114020. [PMID: 33716080 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Zhenbao pill (ZBP) is composed of 29 traditional Chinese medicines and has been proven to exhibit a valid therapeutic effect in nervous system diseases, such as stroke and hemiplegia sequelae. AIM OF THE STUDY Whether ZBP has a protective effect on vascular endothelial cells remains unknown. In this study, we established hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative injury in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as an in vitro model to investigate the pharmacological effects of ZBP. MATERIALS AND METHODS Following the intragastric administration of ZBP (0.25, 0.5, and 1 g/kg for seven days) in rats, drug-containing serum was obtained and cultivated with HUVECs before H2O2 treatment. The viability of HUVECs in the presence of H2O2 was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, lactate dehydrogenase assay, and flow cytometry. Furthermore, we estimated the effects of ZBP on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Autophagic puncta were detected using a fluorescence microscope. Western blotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to detect the expression levels of several genes associated with apoptosis and autophagy. RESULTS Drug-containing serum separated from rats at 1 h after intragastric administration of ZBP (0.5 g/kg) significantly offered a protective effect to HUVECs and reduced cell apoptosis rates. Meanwhile, ZBP-containing serum also repressed ROS production induced by H2O2 exposure and maintained MMP. Further investigation revealed that ZBP-containing serum effectively reduced the accumulation of autophagic puncta. ZBP-mediated inhibition on cell autophagy was found to contribute to ameliorating cell apoptosis. Western blotting also confirmed that ZBP maintained AKT and mTOR phosphorylation and antagonized the imbalance of BCL2/BAX, thereby protecting cells from apoptosis. CONCLUSION Taken together, our data indicate that ZBP inhibits ROS production, mitochondrial damage, cell autophagy, and cell apoptosis. ZBP can offer protection to vascular endothelial cells against oxidative injury through the antagonism of apoptosis and autophagy. Thus, this study enhances the understanding of the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of ZBP in the process of recovery from myocardial and cerebral ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Jia
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010070, PR China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010059, PR China
| | - Xiaoxue Chen
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010059, PR China
| | - Yajing Chen
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010059, PR China
| | - Hongxia Li
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010070, PR China
| | - Xiumei Ma
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010059, PR China
| | - Wanjin Xing
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010070, PR China.
| | - Kai Zhao
- Hohhot First Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010030, PR China.
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EZH2 Mediates miR-146a-5p/HIF-1 α to Alleviate Inflammation and Glycolysis after Acute Spinal Cord Injury. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:5591582. [PMID: 34104112 PMCID: PMC8159642 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5591582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute spinal cord injury (ASCI) is a severe traumatic disease of the central nervous system, the underlying mechanism of which is unclear. This study was intended to study the role of EZH2 and miR-146a-5p/HIF-1α in inflammation and glycolysis after ASCI, providing reference and basis for the clinical treatment and prognosis of ASCI injury. We used lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce inflammation of microglia, and we constructed the ASCI animal model. qRT-PCR detected the relative expression levels of EZH2, HIF-1α, miR-146a-5p, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-17, PKM2, GLUT1, and HK2 in cells and tissues. Western blot was performed to detect the expression levels of EZH2, HIF-1α, H3K27me3, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-17, PKM2, GLUT1, and HK2. ChIP verified the enrichment of H3K27me3 in the miR-146a-5p promoter region. Bioinformatics predicted the binding sites of HIF-1α and miR-146a-5p, and dual-luciferase reporter assay verified the binding of HIF-1α and miR-146a-5p. ELISA detects the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-17 in the cerebrospinal fluid of rats. The GC-TOFMS was used to detect the changes of glycolytic metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid of rats. EZH2 could mediate inflammation and glycolysis of microglia. EZH2 regulates inflammation and glycolysis through HIF-1α. EZH2 indirectly regulated the HIF-1α expression by mediating miR-146a-5p. EZH2 mediates miR-146a-5p/HIF-1α to alleviate inflammation and glycolysis in ASCI rats. In the present study, our results demonstrated that EZH2 could mediate miR-146a-5p/HIF-1α to alleviate the inflammation and glycolysis after ASCI. Therefore, EZH2/miR-146a-5p/HIF-1α might be a novel potential target for treating ASCI.
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Cao Y, Jiang C, Lin H, Chen Z. Silencing of Long Noncoding RNA Growth Arrest-Specific 5 Alleviates Neuronal Cell Apoptosis and Inflammatory Responses Through Sponging microRNA-93 to Repress PTEN Expression in Spinal Cord Injury. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:646788. [PMID: 34054430 PMCID: PMC8163226 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.646788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A secondary injury induced by a spinal cord injury (SCI) remains the main cause of devastating neural dysfunction; therefore, it has been the subject of focused research for many years. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) has been found to participate in the SCI process, and this finding presents a high potential for diagnosis and treatment; however, the role of lncRNA in a secondary injury induced by SCI remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the regulatory effect of lncRNA growth arrest–specific transcript 5 (GAS5) in secondary injury during SCI. The SCI mice model and hypoxic cellular model were established to research the roles of lncRNA GAS5 during SCI. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was conducted to determine the expression levels of microR-93 (miR-93) and lncRNA GAS5. Western blot analysis of the apoptosis regulator protein and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay was conducted to evaluate neuron cell apoptosis. Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) scores were calculated to assess neurological function. Flow cytometry was used to determine neuron cell apoptosis. The associations among GAS5, miR-93, and the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) were disclosed using RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay, RNA pulldown assay, and dual-luciferase reporter assay. QRT-PCR demonstrated that GAS5 was significantly upregulated in both the SCI mice and hypoxic cellular models. GAS5 knockdown suppressed neuron cell apoptosis and inflammatory response in the SCI mice model. Further studies have indicated that GAS5 functions as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by sponging miR-93 in neuronal cells. In addition, PTEN was a target of miR-93, and GAS5 knockdown exhibited its anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects through the miR-93/PTEN axis. These findings suggest that the GAS5/miR-93/PTEN axis may be a promising therapeutic target for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanwu Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haodong Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zixian Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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12
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Guo XD, He XG, Yang FG, Liu MQ, Wang YD, Zhu DX, Zhang GZ, Ma ZJ, Kang XW. Research progress on the regulatory role of microRNAs in spinal cord injury. Regen Med 2021; 16:465-476. [PMID: 33955796 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2020-0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe CNS injury that results in abnormalities in, or loss of, motor, sensory and autonomic nervous function. miRNAs belong to a new class of noncoding RNA that regulates the production of proteins and biological function of cells by silencing translation or interfering with the expression of target mRNAs. Following SCI, miRNAs related to oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy, apoptosis and many other secondary injuries are differentially expressed, and these miRNAs play an important role in the progression of secondary injuries after SCI. The purpose of this review is to elucidate the differential expression and functional roles of miRNAs after SCI, thus providing references for further research on miRNAs in SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Dong Guo
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Xue-Gang He
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Feng-Guang Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Ming-Qiang Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Yi-Dian Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Da-Xue Zhu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Guang-Zhi Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Zhan-Jun Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Xue-Wen Kang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,The International Cooperation Base of Gansu Province for The Pain Research in Spinal Disorders, Gansu 730000, PR China
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13
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Wang Z, Zhou W, Zheng G, Yang G. Inhibition of GPR17 with pranlukast protects against TNF-α-induced loss of type II collagen in ATDC5 cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106870. [PMID: 32805694 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease affecting millions of elderly people worldwide. However, the mechanism of OA is complicated and remains poorly understood. Thus, a safe and effective therapeutic strategy has yet to be developed. G protein-coupled receptor 17 (GPR17) is an orphan receptor that is widely distributed in the central nervous system (CNS). GPR17 has become a target for the treatment of inflammation in brain diseases. In this study, we demonstrate that GPR17 is expressed in ATDC5 cells and is increased in response to TNF-α exposure. We also found that antagonism of GPR17 with pranlukast significantly inhibited oxidative stress by downregulating the intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increasing the activity of super oxide dismutase (SOD) against TNF-α. Interestingly, treatment with pranlukast prevented TNF-α-induced reduction of type II collagen. Additionally, knockdown of GPR17 with siRNA ameliorated TNF-α-induced loss of type II collagen, suggesting the importance of the role of GPR17 in mediating the impairment of type II collagen. Blockage of GPR17 with pranlukast suppressed the expression of matrix metalloproteinases 3 (MMP-3) and matrix metalloproteinases 13 (MMP-13), which contribute to the degradation of type II collagen. Pranlukast also prevented the activation of the JAK2/STAT1/IRF-1 signaling pathway, thereby suppressing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes. Furthermore, pranlukast rescued TNF-α-induced reduced SOX-9 expression. Together, our data indicate that GPR17 might be a potential target for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangfu Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Weiwei Zhou
- Department of Spine Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Guangbin Zheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Guangyong Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Taizhou 317000, China.
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14
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Fan W, Liang C, Ou M, Zou T, Sun F, Zhou H, Cui L. MicroRNA-146a Is a Wide-Reaching Neuroinflammatory Regulator and Potential Treatment Target in Neurological Diseases. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:90. [PMID: 32581706 PMCID: PMC7291868 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive functional deterioration and loss of neurons underlies neurological diseases and constitutes an important cause of disability and death worldwide. The causes of various types of neurological diseases often share several critical nerve-related cellular mechanisms and pathological features, particularly the neuroinflammatory response in the nervous system. A rapidly growing body of evidence indicates that various microRNAs play pivotal roles in these processes in neurological diseases and might be viable therapeutic targets. Among these microRNAs, microRNA-146a (miR-146a) stands out due to the rapid increase in recent literature on its mechanistic involvement in neurological diseases. In this review, we summarize and highlight the critical role of miR-146a in neurological diseases. MiR-146a polymorphisms are associated with the risk of neurological disease. Alterations in miR-146a expression levels are crucial events in the pathogenesis of numerous neurological diseases that are spatially and temporally diverse. Additionally, the target genes of miR-146a are involved in the regulation of pathophysiological processes in neurological diseases, particularly the neuroinflammatory response. In summary, miR-146a mainly plays a critical role in neuroinflammation during the progression of neurological diseases and might be a prospective biomarker and therapeutic target. Understanding the mechanisms by which miR-146a affects the neuroinflammatory response in different neurological injuries, different cell types, and even different stages of certain neurological diseases will pave the way for its use as a therapeutic target in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihao Fan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Chunmei Liang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Mingqian Ou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ting Zou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Furong Sun
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Haihong Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lili Cui
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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Lu Y, Yang J, Wang X, Ma Z, Li S, Liu Z, Fan X. Research progress in use of traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of spinal cord injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110136. [PMID: 32335299 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious central nervous system disorder caused by trauma that has gradually become a major challenge in clinical medical research. As an important branch of worldwide medical research, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is rapidly moving towards a path of reform and innovation. Therefore, this paper systematically reviews research related to existing TCM treatments for SCI, with the aims of identifying deficits and shortcomings within the field, and proposing feasible alternative prospects. METHODS All data and conclusions in this paper were obtained from articles published by peers in relevant fields. PubMed, SciFinder, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and CNKI databases were searched for relevant articles. Results regarding TCM for SCI were identified and retrieved, then manually classified and selected for inclusion in this review. RESULTS The literature search identified a total of 652 articles regarding TCM for SCI. Twenty-eight treatments (16 active ingredients, nine herbs, and three compound prescriptions) were selected from these articles; the treatments have been used for the prevention and treatment of SCI. In general, these treatments involved antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and/or antiapoptotic effects of TCM compounds. CONCLUSIONS This paper showed that TCM treatments can serve as promising auxiliary therapies for functional recovery of patients with SCI. These findings will contribute to the development of diversified treatments for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubao Lu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xuexi Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Zhanjun Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Sheng Li
- Lanzhou First People's Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Zhaoyang Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030600, China
| | - Xuegong Fan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
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16
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Zhang L, Wang Z, Li B, Xia Z, Wang X, Xiu Y, Zhang Z, Chen C, Song H, Li W, Yu M, Zhang M, Wang K, Guo X, Ren L, Wang T. The inhibition of miR-17-5p promotes cortical neuron neurite growth via STAT3/GAP-43 pathway. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:1795-1802. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05273-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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17
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Lecca D, Raffaele S, Abbracchio MP, Fumagalli M. Regulation and signaling of the GPR17 receptor in oligodendroglial cells. Glia 2020; 68:1957-1967. [PMID: 32086854 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Remyelination, namely, the formation of new myelin sheaths around denuded axons, counteracts axonal degeneration and restores neuronal function. Considerable advances have been made in understanding this regenerative process that often fails in diseases like multiple sclerosis, leaving axons demyelinated and vulnerable to damage, thus contributing to disease progression. The identification of the membrane receptor GPR17 on a subset of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), which mediate remyelination in the adult central nervous system (CNS), has led to a huge amount of evidence that validated this receptor as a new attractive target for remyelinating therapies. Here, we summarize the role of GPR17 in OPC function, myelination and remyelination, describing its atypical pharmacology, its downstream signaling, and the genetic and epigenetic factors modulating its activity. We also highlight crucial insights into GPR17 pathophysiology coming from the demonstration that oligodendrocyte injury, associated with inflammation in chronic neurodegenerative conditions, is invariably characterized by abnormal and persistent GPR17 upregulation, which, in turn, is accompanied by a block of OPCs at immature premyelinating stages. Finally, we discuss the current literature in light of the potential exploitment of GPR17 as a therapeutic target to promote remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Lecca
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Raffaele
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria P Abbracchio
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Fumagalli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Selection of Reliable Reference Genes for Analysis of Gene Expression in Spinal Cord during Rat Postnatal Development and after Injury. Brain Sci 2019; 10:brainsci10010006. [PMID: 31861889 PMCID: PMC7017034 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to obtain unbiased results of target gene expression, selection of the most appropriate reference gene (RG) remains a key precondition. However, an experimental study focused on the validation of stably expressed RGs in the rat spinal cord (SC) during development or after spinal cord injury (SCI) is missing. In our study, we tested the stability of the expression of nine selected RGs in rat SC tissue during normal development (postnatal days 1-43, adulthood) and after minimal (mSCI) and contusion (cSCI) spinal cord injury. The following RGs were tested: common housekeeping genes of basal cell metabolism (Gapdh, Hprt1, Mapk6) and protein translation (Rpl29, Eef1a1, Eif2b2), as well as newly designed RGs (Gpatch1, Gorasp1, Cds2) selected according to the RefGenes tool of GeneVestigator. The stability of RGs was assessed by geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper. All three applets favored Gapdh and Eef1a1 as the most stable genes in SC during development. In both models of SCI, Eif2b2 displayed the highest stability of expression, followed by Gapdh and Gorasp1/Hprt1 in cSCI, and Gapdh and Eef1a1 in the mSCI experiments. To verify our results, selected RGs were employed for normalization of the expression of genes with a clear biological context in the SC-Gfap and Slc1a3/Glast during postnatal development and Aif1/Iba1 and Cd68/Ed1 after SCI.
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Zhao HH, Tong HY, Zhang SQ, Murtaza G, Huang XJ, Hu-Rilebagen, Wu-Lanqiqige, Bao WY, Wu-Jisiguleng, Wu-Yunsiriguleng, Chen LY. The present scenario, challenges, and future anticipation of traditional mongolian medicine in China. WORLD JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_34_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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20
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He Y, Li M, Wujisiguleng, Lv B, Huan Y, Liu B, Wang D, Yu H, Zhang L, Shi Z. Zhenbao Pill reduces Treg cell proportion in acute spinal cord injury rats by regulating TUG1/ miR-214/HSP27 axis. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20180895. [PMID: 30287503 PMCID: PMC6239275 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Acute spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the weakest pathologies that seriously affect the quality of life of patients. Objective: To study the mechanism of how Zhenbao Pill reduces Treg cell proportion and improves acute SCI. Methods: A rat SCI model was established. Flow cytometry analysis was performed to determine the Treg cell proportion. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RNA pull-down were applied in confirming taurine up-regulated gene 1 (TUG1) and miR-214 binding. Intrathecal injection of TUG1 siRNA was also conducted to determine the effect of TUG1 in vivoResults: Zhenbao Pill promoted the expression of TUG1 and heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) protein, and reduced the expression of miR-214 and forkhead box protein p3 (Foxp3) as well as Treg cell proportion in a concentration-dependent manner in SCI rats or in vitro cultured CD4+ T cells. Knockdown of TUG1 reversed the high protein expression of HSP27 and the inhibition of Treg cell proportion as well as Foxp3 protein induced by Zhenbao Pill, and miR-214 inhibitor canceled the TUG1 knockdown effect. Further, miR-214 mimic reversed the inhibition of Treg cell proportion and Foxp3 protein expression by Zhenbao Pill, which was abolished by the overexpression of HSP27. The mechanism was validated in animal experiments. Conclusion: Zhenbao Pill regulated TUG1/miR-214/HSP27 signaling pathway to reduce Treg cell proportion and thus relieve acute SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiong He
- Department of Spine Surgery, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot 010017, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Mingdong Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou 570311, Hainan, China
| | - Wujisiguleng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot 010017, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Bokang Lv
- Department of Spine Surgery, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot 010017, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yanqiang Huan
- Department of Spine Surgery, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot 010017, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Liansheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhiqiang Shi
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia, China
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Zhang H, Wang W, Li N, Li P, Liu M, Pan J, Wang D, Li J, Xiong Y, Xia L. LncRNA DGCR5 suppresses neuronal apoptosis to improve acute spinal cord injury through targeting PRDM5. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:1992-2000. [PMID: 30146926 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1509622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) usually results in neurological damage. DGCR5 is closely related to neurological disorders, and this study aims to explore its role in neuronal apoptosis in acute SCI. The ASCI model was established in rats, and the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) scoring was used to assess the neurological function. The expression of RNA and protein was quantified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blotting, respectively. The oxygenglucose deprivation (OGD) was performed upon neurons and apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. The interaction and binding between DGCR5 and PRDM5 was detected with RNA pull-down and RIP assay, respectively. DGCR5 was down-regulated in ASCI model rat and in neurons treated with hypoxia. Over-expression of DGCR5 inhibited neuronal apoptosis. Interaction between DGCR5 negatively regulated PRDM5 protein expression by binding and interacting with it. DGCR5 inhibited neuronal apoptosis through PRDM5. Over-expressed DGCR5 ameliorated ASCI in rat. DGCR5 suppresses neuronal apoptosis through directly binding and negatively regulating PRDM5, and thereby ameliorating ASCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huafeng Zhang
- a Department of Orthopedics , the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Wengang Wang
- a Department of Orthopedics , the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Ning Li
- a Department of Orthopedics , the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Peng Li
- a Department of Orthopedics , the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Ming Liu
- a Department of Orthopedics , the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Junwei Pan
- a Department of Orthopedics , the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Dan Wang
- a Department of Orthopedics , the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Junwei Li
- a Department of Orthopedics , the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Yuanyuan Xiong
- b Department of Hematology , the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Lei Xia
- a Department of Orthopedics , the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
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