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Plasma interleukin-21 levels and genetic variants are associated with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:246. [PMID: 33673829 PMCID: PMC7936495 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04111-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by autoantibodies development and an elevated spectrum of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Previous reports highlighted a relationship between IL-21and the pathogenesis of RA. Although elevated IL-21 levels have been reported in RA patients, the association of common IL-21 genetic variants with a predisposition to RA development in the Chinese population lacks. Materials and methods Five hundred and fourteen Chinese subjects (healthy controls: 303 and rheumatoid arthritis patients: 211) were enrolled in the study. Clinical data of patients were collected from medical records, and patients were treated as per the guidelines. Common single nucleotide polymorphisms in the IL-21 gene (rs907715, rs2221903, rs2055979 and rs6822844) were genotyped by TaqMan SNPs genotyping method. IL-21 level in plasma of RA patients and healthy subjects was measured by ELISA. Results The plasma level of IL-21 was significantly higher in subjects with rheumatoid arthritis relative to healthy controls (p < 0.0001). A positive correlation was observed between IL-21 level and DAS28 score, indicating the association of the cytokine with the worsening of the disease (Spearman r = 0.61, p < 0.0001). The prevalence of AA genotype (rs2055979) was significantly higher in RA subjects than in the controls (p < 0.0001, χ2 = 34.73, OR = 4.34, 95% CI = 2.623 to 7.219). Furthermore, elevated plasma IL-21 was observed in the rs2055979-AA genotype compared to CC type (p < 0.0001). Conclusion IL-21 plays a crucial function in rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis. IL-21 rs2055979 polymorphism is associated with IL-21 plasma levels and is predisposed to RA development in the Chinese population.
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Jiang H, Liu J, Fan C, Wang J, Li W. lncRNAS56464.1 as a ceRNA promotes the proliferation of fibroblast‑like synoviocytes in experimental arthritis via the Wnt signaling pathway and sponges miR‑152‑3p. Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:17. [PMID: 33448322 PMCID: PMC7834957 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that occurs in approximately 1.0% of the general population. In RA patients, physical disability and joint damage are the major prognostic factors, which are associated with a reduction in the quality of life and early mortality. At present, the exact molecular mechanism of RA remains elusive. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been revealed to play a regulatory role in the pathogenesis of RA. To reveal the function of lncRNAs in rheumatoid arthritis, lncRNAS56464.1 was screened to verify its targeting of the microRNA (miR)-152-3p/Wnt pathway and its effect on the proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). In the present study, based on the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) theory, siRNA was designed for transfection into FLS to calculate the lncRNAS56464.1 interference efficiency and then the effect of lncRNAS56464.1 interference on FLS proliferation was detected by MTT assay. Then, lncRNAS56464.1 targeting of the miR-152-3p/Wnt pathway was detected by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. In addition, RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence and western blotting techniques were employed to detect the expression of lncRNAS56464.1, miR-152-3p and some key genes of the Wnt signaling pathway in FLS after lncRNAS56464.1 interference. The results revealed that lncRNAS56464.1 could combine with miR-152-3p and promoted the proliferation of FLS. In addition, lncRNAS56464.1 interference could not only decrease the proliferation of FLS and the expression of Wnt1, β-catenin, c-Myc, cyclin D1, and p-GSK-3β/GSK-3β, but it also increased the expression of SFRP4. The present data indicated that lncRNAS56464.1 could target the miR-152-3p/Wnt pathway to induce synovial cell proliferation and then participate in the pathogenesis of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- Experimental Center of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Jian Liu
- Experimental Center of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Chang Fan
- Experimental Center of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Experimental Center of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Weiping Li
- School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
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Fan C, Cui X, Chen S, Huang S, Jiang H. LncRNA LOC100912373 modulates PDK1 expression by sponging miR-17-5p to promote the proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:7709-7723. [PMID: 33437356 PMCID: PMC7791483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune disease and characterized by chronic inflammation, abnormal synovial cell proliferation, and joint swelling and tenderness, and it causes patients substantial pain. To date, the pathogenesis of RA remains unclear, and specific treatment is still lacking in the clinic. Evidence from previous research indicated that the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LOC100912373 is a key lncRNA and involved in RA. However, our understanding of the specific mechanism of lncRNA LOC100912373 in RA development and progression is still in its infancy. In this study, fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) were cultured by enzyme-dispersed and substrate-attached explant methods. The MTT method, flow cytometry and transmission electron microscopy were used to determine the effect of lncRNA LOC100912373 on FLSs. The expression of key genes such as lncRNA LOC100912373, miR-17-5p, PDK1 and AKT in FLSs was detected by RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence and Western blot. The localization of lncRNA LOC100912373 was determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization. The specific targeting relationship between lncRNA LOC100912373 and miR-17-5p/PDK1 was verified by RNA immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter gene analysis. The results showed that lncRNA LOC100912373 localized in the cytoplasm and was highly expressed in the synovial tissues and FLSs of AA rats. LncRNA LOC100912373 overexpression promoted the proliferation of FLSs. In addition, lncRNA LOC100912373 could bind to miR-17-5p, and the expression of lncRNA LOC100912373 was negatively correlated with miR-17-5p and positively correlated with PDK1/AKT. In conclusion, lncRNA LOC100912373 may upregulate the expression of PDK1 by sponging miR-17-5p, accelerating the phosphorylation of AKT and inducing the proliferation of FLSs, thus promoting the occurrence and development of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Fan
- Experimental Center of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoya Cui
- Experimental Center of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
| | - Sen Chen
- Experimental Center of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shaopeng Huang
- Experimental Center of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Experimental Center of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
- The Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Applied Basis and Development of Internal Medicine of Modern Traditional Chinese MedicineHefei, Anhui, China
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Mikhaylenko DS, Nemtsova MV, Bure IV, Kuznetsova EB, Alekseeva EA, Tarasov VV, Lukashev AN, Beloukhova MI, Deviatkin AA, Zamyatnin AA. Genetic Polymorphisms Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis Development and Antirheumatic Therapy Response. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4911. [PMID: 32664585 PMCID: PMC7402327 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common inflammatory arthropathy worldwide. Possible manifestations of RA can be represented by a wide variability of symptoms, clinical forms, and course options. This multifactorial disease is triggered by a genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Both clinical and genealogical studies have demonstrated disease case accumulation in families. Revealing the impact of candidate gene missense variants on the disease course elucidates understanding of RA molecular pathogenesis. A multivariate genomewide association study (GWAS) based analysis identified the genes and signalling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. However, these identified RA candidate gene variants only explain 30% of familial disease cases. The genetic causes for a significant proportion of familial RA have not been determined until now. Therefore, it is important to identify RA risk groups in different populations, as well as the possible prognostic value of some genetic variants for disease development, progression, and treatment. Our review has two purposes. First, to summarise the data on RA candidate genes and the increased disease risk associated with these alleles in various populations. Second, to describe how the genetic variants can be used in the selection of drugs for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry S. Mikhaylenko
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.N.); (I.V.B.); (E.B.K.); (E.A.A.); (A.N.L.); (M.I.B.); (A.A.D.)
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina V. Nemtsova
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.N.); (I.V.B.); (E.B.K.); (E.A.A.); (A.N.L.); (M.I.B.); (A.A.D.)
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina V. Bure
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.N.); (I.V.B.); (E.B.K.); (E.A.A.); (A.N.L.); (M.I.B.); (A.A.D.)
| | - Ekaterina B. Kuznetsova
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.N.); (I.V.B.); (E.B.K.); (E.A.A.); (A.N.L.); (M.I.B.); (A.A.D.)
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A. Alekseeva
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.N.); (I.V.B.); (E.B.K.); (E.A.A.); (A.N.L.); (M.I.B.); (A.A.D.)
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vadim V. Tarasov
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander N. Lukashev
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.N.); (I.V.B.); (E.B.K.); (E.A.A.); (A.N.L.); (M.I.B.); (A.A.D.)
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector Borne Diseases, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina I. Beloukhova
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.N.); (I.V.B.); (E.B.K.); (E.A.A.); (A.N.L.); (M.I.B.); (A.A.D.)
| | - Andrei A. Deviatkin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.N.); (I.V.B.); (E.B.K.); (E.A.A.); (A.N.L.); (M.I.B.); (A.A.D.)
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.N.); (I.V.B.); (E.B.K.); (E.A.A.); (A.N.L.); (M.I.B.); (A.A.D.)
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
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