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Liufu S, Lan Q, Liu X, Chen B, Xu X, Ai N, Li X, Yu Z, Ma H. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Age-Related Developmental Dynamics Pattern of the Longissimus Dorsi Muscle in Ningxiang Pigs. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051050. [PMID: 37239410 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth and development of the Longissimus Dorsi muscle are complex, playing an important role in the determination of pork quality. The study of the Longissimus Dorsi muscle at the mRNA level is particularly crucial for finding molecular approaches to improving meat quality in pig breeding. The current study utilized transcriptome technology to explore the regulatory mechanisms of muscle growth and intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition in the Longissimus Dorsi muscle at three core developmental stages (natal stage on day 1, growing stage on day 60, and finishing stage on day 210) in Ningxiang pigs. Our results revealed 441 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in common for day 1 vs. day 60 and day 60 vs. day 210, and GO (Gene Ontology) analysis showed that candidate genes RIPOR2, MEGF10, KLHL40, PLEC, TBX3, FBP2, and HOMER1 may be closely related to muscle growth and development, while KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) analysis showed that DEGs (UBC, SLC27A5, RXRG, PRKCQ, PRKAG2, PPARGC1A, PLIN5, PLIN4, IRS2, and CPT1B) involved the PPAR (Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor) signaling pathway and adipocytokine signaling pathway, which might play a pivotal role in the regulation of IMF deposition. PPI (Protein-Protein Interaction Networks) analysis found that the STAT1 gene was the top hub gene. Taken together, our results provide evidence for the molecular mechanisms of growth and development and IMF deposition in Longissimus Dorsi muscle to optimize carcass mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sui Liufu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Qun Lan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Bohe Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xueli Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Nini Ai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xintong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zonggang Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Haiming Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
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2
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Deng L, Li W, Liu W, Liu Y, Xie B, Groenen MAM, Madsen O, Yang X, Tang Z. Integrative metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis reveals difference in glucose and lipid metabolism in the longissimus muscle of Luchuan and Duroc pigs. Front Genet 2023; 14:1128033. [PMID: 37091786 PMCID: PMC10118036 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1128033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Luchuan pig, an obese indigenous Chinese porcine breed, has a desirable meat quality and reproductive capacity. Duroc, a traditional western breed, shows a faster growth rate, high feed efficiency and high lean meat rate. Given the unique features these two porcine breeds have, it is of interest to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms behind their distinctive nature. In this study, the metabolic and transcriptomic profiles of longissimus dorsi muscle from Duroc and Luchuan pigs were compared. A total of 609 metabolites were identified, 77 of which were significantly decreased in Luchuan compared to Duroc, and 71 of which were significantly elevated. Most differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) upregulated in Luchuan were glycerophospholipids, fatty acids, oxidized lipids, alcohols, and amines, while metabolites downregulated in Luchuan were mostly amino acids, organic acids and nucleic acids, bile acids and hormones. From our RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data we identified a total of 3638 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 1802 upregulated and 1836 downregulated in Luchuan skeletal muscle compared to Duroc. Combined multivariate and pathway enrichment analyses of metabolome and transcriptome results revealed that many of the DEGs and DAMs are associated with critical energy metabolic pathways, especially those related to glucose and lipid metabolism. We examined the expression of important DEGs in two pathways, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway and fructose and mannose metabolism, using Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Genes related to glucose uptake, glycolysis, glycogen synthesis, fatty acid synthesis (PFKFB1, PFKFB4, MPI, TPI1, GYS1, SLC2A4, FASN, IRS1, ULK1) are more activated in Luchuan, while genes related to fatty acid oxidation, cholesterol synthesis (CPT1A, HMGCR, FOXO3) are more suppressed. Energy utilization can be a decisive factor to the distinctive metabolic, physiological and nutritional characteristics in skeletal muscle of the two breeds we studied. Our research may facilitate future porcine breeding projects and can be used to reveal the potential molecular basis of differences in complex traits between various breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Deng
- Kunpeng Institute of Modern Agriculture at Foshan, Foshan, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Shenzhen Branch, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- The Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Bioomics of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Wangchang Li
- Kunpeng Institute of Modern Agriculture at Foshan, Foshan, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Shenzhen Branch, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- The Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Bioomics of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- GuangXi Engineering Centre for Resource Development of Bama Xiang Pig, Bama, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Kunpeng Institute of Modern Agriculture at Foshan, Foshan, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Shenzhen Branch, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- The Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Bioomics of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanwen Liu
- Kunpeng Institute of Modern Agriculture at Foshan, Foshan, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Shenzhen Branch, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- The Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Bioomics of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bingkun Xie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Livestock Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Institute of Animal Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Martien A. M. Groenen
- Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Ole Madsen
- Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Xiaogan Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaogan Yang, ; Zhonglin Tang,
| | - Zhonglin Tang
- Kunpeng Institute of Modern Agriculture at Foshan, Foshan, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Shenzhen Branch, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- The Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Bioomics of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- GuangXi Engineering Centre for Resource Development of Bama Xiang Pig, Bama, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaogan Yang, ; Zhonglin Tang,
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He X, Qin Z, Teng R, Tian M, Wang W, Feng Y, Chen H, He H, Zhang H, Liu D, Jiang X. Characterization of Growth Secondary Hair in Min Pig Activated by Follicle Stem Cell Stimulated by Wnt and BMP Signaling Pathway. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13071239. [PMID: 37048495 PMCID: PMC10093081 DOI: 10.3390/ani13071239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In China, the national-level protected pig, the Min pig, is characterized by the development of secondary hairs and hair follicles in winter. Factors that dominate the genotype in the growth of secondary hairs are not clear through the concrete cell signaling pathways. This study compared hair phenotypes based on morphological structure, transcriptomics, and potential targeting molecules in the breeds of Min, Berkshire, and Yorkshire pigs. The results indicated that Min pigs have specific characteristics for the growth of secondary hairs compared with the Berkshire and Yorkshire pigs. The transcriptome analyses and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction results revealed that secondary hair growth was activated by follicle stem cells. The specific inhibitors of Wnt and BMP were studied using respective signals. The density of follicles, activity of follicle stem cells, and relative gene expression results have shown that Wnt and BMP stimulate the activity of follicle stem cells, and the Wnt signaling molecule has a significantly better effect than the BMP signaling molecule on stem cells. Wnt and BMP can promote the growth of local secondary hair and gene expression. Therefore, this study was conducted to verify the development mechanisms of secondary hairs, which have potential applications in laboratory animals and comparative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmiao He
- Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Husbandry Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 368 Xuefu Road, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Ziliang Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ran Teng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ming Tian
- Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Husbandry Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 368 Xuefu Road, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Husbandry Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 368 Xuefu Road, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Yanzhong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Husbandry Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 368 Xuefu Road, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Heshu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Husbandry Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 368 Xuefu Road, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Haijuan He
- Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Husbandry Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 368 Xuefu Road, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Husbandry Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 368 Xuefu Road, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Di Liu
- Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Husbandry Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 368 Xuefu Road, Harbin 150086, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xinpeng Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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Gong X, Zheng M, Zhang J, Ye Y, Duan M, Chamba Y, Wang Z, Shang P. Transcriptomics-Based Study of Differentially Expressed Genes Related to Fat Deposition in Tibetan and Yorkshire Pigs. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:919904. [PMID: 35754534 PMCID: PMC9218471 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.919904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fat deposition traits are one of the key factors in pig production and breeding. The fat deposition capacity of pigs mainly affects the quality of pork and pig productivity. The aim of this study was to analyze the differential expression of mRNA levels in dorsal adipose tissue of Tibetan and York pigs at different growth stages using transcriptomic data to estimate key genes that regulate fat deposition in pigs. The results showed that a total of 32,747 positively expressed genes were present in the dorsal adipose tissue of the two breeds. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) screening of multiple combinations between the two breeds yielded 324 DEGS. Gene ontology (GO) biofunctional enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses showed that these DEGS were mainly involved in lipid metabolic pathways, steroid biosynthetic pathways and lipid biosynthetic processes, sterol biosynthetic processes, brown adipocyte differentiation, and other pathways related to lipid deposition and metabolism. The results showed that ACACA, SLC2A4 and THRSP genes positively regulated the lipid deposition ability and CHPT1 gene negatively regulated the lipid deposition ability in pigs. The results of this experiment suggest a theoretical basis for further studies on the regulatory mechanisms of fat deposition in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglong Gong
- Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Tibet, China.,The Provincial and Ministerial Co-founded Collaborative Innovation Center for R&D in Tibet Characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Resources, Tibet, China
| | - Min Zheng
- Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Tibet, China.,The Provincial and Ministerial Co-founded Collaborative Innovation Center for R&D in Tibet Characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Resources, Tibet, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Tibet, China.,The Provincial and Ministerial Co-founded Collaborative Innovation Center for R&D in Tibet Characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Resources, Tibet, China
| | - Yourong Ye
- Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Tibet, China.,The Provincial and Ministerial Co-founded Collaborative Innovation Center for R&D in Tibet Characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Resources, Tibet, China
| | - Mengqi Duan
- Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Tibet, China.,The Provincial and Ministerial Co-founded Collaborative Innovation Center for R&D in Tibet Characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Resources, Tibet, China
| | - Yangzom Chamba
- Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Tibet, China.,The Provincial and Ministerial Co-founded Collaborative Innovation Center for R&D in Tibet Characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Resources, Tibet, China
| | - Zhongbin Wang
- Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Tibet, China.,The Provincial and Ministerial Co-founded Collaborative Innovation Center for R&D in Tibet Characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Resources, Tibet, China
| | - Peng Shang
- Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Tibet, China.,The Provincial and Ministerial Co-founded Collaborative Innovation Center for R&D in Tibet Characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Resources, Tibet, China
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Jiang Y, Li X, Liu J, Zhang W, Zhou M, Wang J, Liu L, Su S, Zhao F, Chen H, Wang C. Genome-wide detection of genetic structure and runs of homozygosity analysis in Anhui indigenous and Western commercial pig breeds using PorcineSNP80k data. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:373. [PMID: 35581549 PMCID: PMC9115978 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08583-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Runs of homozygosity (ROH) are continuous homozygous regions typically located in the DNA sequence of diploid organisms. Identifications of ROH that lead to reduced performance can provide valuable insight into the genetic architecture of complex traits. Here, we systematically investigated the population genetic structure of five Anhui indigenous pig breeds (AHIPs), and compared them to those of five Western commercial pig breeds (WECPs). Furthermore, we examined the occurrence and distribution of ROHs in the five AHIPs and estimated the inbreeding coefficients based on the ROHs (FROH) and homozygosity (FHOM). Finally, we identified genomic regions with high frequencies of ROHs and annotated candidate genes contained therein. Results The WECPs and AHIPs were clearly differentiated into two separate clades consistent with their geographical origins, as revealed by the population structure and principal component analysis. We identified 13,530 ROHs across all individuals, of which 4,555 and 8,975 ROHs were unique to AHIPs and WECPs, respectively. Most ROHs identified in our study were short (< 10 Mb) or medium (10–20 Mb) in length. WECPs had significantly higher numbers of short ROHs, and AHIPs generally had longer ROHs. FROH values were significantly lower in AHIPs than in WECPs, indicating that breed improvement and conservation programmes were successful in AHIPs. On average, FROH and FHOM values were highly correlated (0.952–0.991) in AHIPs and WECPs. A total of 27 regions had a high frequency of ROHs and contained 17 key candidate genes associated with economically important traits in pigs. Among these, nine candidate genes (CCNT2, EGR2, MYL3, CDH13, PROX1, FLVCR1, SETD2, FGF18, and FGF20) found in WECPs were related to muscular and skeletal development, whereas eight candidate genes (CSN1S1, SULT1E1, TJP1, ZNF366, LIPC, MCEE, STAP1, and DUSP) found in AHIPs were associated with health, reproduction, and fatness traits. Conclusion Our findings provide a useful reference for the selection and assortative mating of pig breeds, laying the groundwork for future research on the population genetic structures of AHIPs, ultimately helping protect these local varieties. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08583-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Pig Molecular Quantitative Genetics of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Xiaojin Li
- Key Laboratory of Pig Molecular Quantitative Genetics of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Poultry) of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pig Molecular Quantitative Genetics of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Mei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pig Molecular Quantitative Genetics of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Jieru Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pig Molecular Quantitative Genetics of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Linqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pig Molecular Quantitative Genetics of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Shiguang Su
- Key Laboratory of Pig Molecular Quantitative Genetics of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Fuping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Poultry) of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hongquan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Chonglong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pig Molecular Quantitative Genetics of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.
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Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes in Different Types of Broiler Skeletal Muscle Fibers Using the RNA-seq Technique. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:9478949. [PMID: 32695825 PMCID: PMC7362283 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9478949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The difference in muscle fiber types is very important to the muscle development and meat quality of broilers. At present, the molecular regulation mechanisms of skeletal muscle fiber-type transformation in broilers are still unclear. In this study, differentially expressed genes between breast and leg muscles in broilers were analyzed using RNA-seq. A total of 767 DEGs were identified. Compared with leg muscle, there were 429 upregulated genes and 338 downregulated genes in breast muscle. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment indicated that these DEGs were mainly involved in cellular processes, single organism processes, cells, and cellular components, as well as binding and catalytic activity. KEGG analysis shows that a total of 230 DEGs were mapped to 126 KEGG pathways and significantly enriched in the four pathways of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, starch and sucrose metabolism, insulin signalling pathways, and the biosynthesis of amino acids. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to verify the differential expression of 7 selected DEGs, and the results were consistent with RNA-seq data. In addition, the expression profile of MyHC isoforms in chicken skeletal muscle cells showed that with the extension of differentiation time, the expression of fast fiber subunits (types IIA and IIB) gradually increased, while slow muscle fiber subunits (type I) showed a downward trend after 4 days of differentiation. The differential genes screened in this study will provide some new ideas for further understanding the molecular mechanism of skeletal muscle fiber transformation in broilers.
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