The association between Interleukin-6 rs1800795/rs1800797 polymorphisms and risk of rotator cuff tear in a Chinese population

Polymorphism of Genes Encoding Inflammatory Interleukins and the Risk of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Sport injuries, including the anterior crucial ligament rupture (ACLR) seem to be related to complex genetic backgrounds, including the genes responsible for inflammatory response. This review and meta-analysis investigated the contribution of the polymorphisms of genes encoding inflammatory cytokines and their receptors to the risk of ACLR. The scientific databases Science Direct, EBSCO host, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar were screened (completed on 14 June 2023) according to the established inclusion/exclusion criteria (only fully accessible, original, human case-control studies written in English concerning the effect of interleukin genes' polymorphisms on the occurrence of ACL injury were included) and statistical meta-analysis using R version 4.0.3 was performed. The PRISMA methodology was used to review articles. The review protocol was registered under the number CRD42024514316 in the Prospero database. Eighty-nine studies were identified and narrowed down to three original case-control studies used for the meta-analysis. The studies analyzed Polish, South African, and Swedish cohorts, altogether 1282 participants. The candidate polymorphisms indicated in the studies involved IL6 rs1800795, IL6R rs2228145 and IL1B rs16944. The systematic review showed the relationships between IL6 rs1800795 polymorphism and ACLR in the Polish subpopulation, and IL6R rs2228145 and IL1B rs16944 in the South African subpopulations. The meta-analysis revealed that the IL6 rs1800795 CG genotype was over-represented (OR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.02-1.66), while the CC genotype was under-represented (OR = 0.75, 95% CI 0.54-1.03) in ACLR subjects, but no significant impact of IL6R rs2228145 was shown. Additionally, a tendency of the IL1B rs16944 CT genotype to be protective (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.70-1.14), while the TT to be a risk genotype (OR 1.19, 95% CI 0.84-1.68) was observed. Thus, the relationship between the interleukin receptor IL6R rs2228145 and ACLR risk was not confirmed. However, the impact of genes coding pleiotropic IL6 rs1800795 on the incidences of ACLR was clear and the effect of pro-inflammatory IL1B rs16944 was possible.

High plasma interleukin-6 level, but not IL-6 gene variants, as a predictive marker for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in a Moroccan population

Chronic inflammation triggered by hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) viruses elevates interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels, activating pathways that cause liver damage and contribute to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. In this study, we assessed IL-6 levels and explored the correlation between the rs1800795 and rs1800797 variants of the IL-6 gene and the risk of developing HCC. We conducted a case-control study involving 314 participants. Among them, 157 were HCC patients (94 anti-HCV, 22 HBsAg and 41 metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease [MASLD]) and 157 controls. Genotyping for IL-6 rs1800795 and rs1800797 polymorphisms was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Additionally, plasma IL-6 levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The IL-6 levels were notably higher in patients compared to controls (p < .0001). Among HCC patients, those with MASLD exhibited higher plasma IL-6 levels than those with HCV and HBV (p = .003). In male HCC patients, IL-6 levels were significantly elevated compared to controls (p < .0001). Similarly, female patients showed significantly higher IL-6 levels compared to female controls, though still lower than in male HCC patients (p = .023). However, no significant difference was observed in IL-6 levels between male and female HCC patients (p = .129). Contrastingly, the genotype and allele distributions of the rs1800795 and rs1800797 polymorphisms in the IL-6 gene displayed no association with HCC development (all p > .005). In Moroccan HCC patients, chronic liver inflammation is characterized by elevated levels of IL-6, potentially playing a role in the progression of liver disease and tumourigenesis.

Detection of association of IL1β, IL4R, and IL6 gene polymorphisms with cervical cancer in the Bangladeshi women by tetra-primer ARMS-PCR method

BACKGROUND

Cervical cancer (CC) is the main cause of cancer-related deaths among women in developing countries. It is the second leading female malignancy in Bangladesh in terms of incidence and mortality. Our present study aimed to investigate the association of IL1β (rs16944), IL4R (rs1801275), and IL6 (rs1800797) gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility of cervical cancer.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This case-control study was conducted on 252 cervical cancer patients and 228 healthy volunteers, using tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR).

RESULTS

In the case of rs16944 polymorphism, GG genotype (OR = 2.10, 95%CI = 1.24-3.56), dominant model (OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.11-2.63), recessive model (OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.01-2.35), and G allele (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.005-1.68) were significantly associated with increased cervical cancer risk. Among these, GG genotype and dominant model remained significant after the Bonferroni correction (p < 0.017). For rs1801275 polymorphism, GG genotype (OR = 2.66, 95% CI = 1.49-4.75), dominant model (OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.04-2.14), recessive model (OR = 2.45, 95% CI = 1.40-4.27), and G allele (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.21-2.10) significantly elevated the risk of cervical cancer but significance did not exist for dominant model after the Bonferroni correction. rs1800797 variant showed significantly increased risk in all genetic models including, AG genotype (OR = 8.13, 95% CI = 5.27-12.55), AA genotype (OR = 9.86, 95% CI = 2.76-35.21), dominant model (OR = 8.25, 95% CI = 5.40-12.60), recessive model (OR = 4.41, 95% CI = 1.25-15.56), and A allele (OR = 4.99, 95% CI = 3.49-7.13) and the significances were consistent with the Bonferroni correction except recessive model. Haplotyping analysis indicates that GAA (p = 5.15x10^-5) and GAG haplotypes (p = 4.72x10^-9) significantly decreased the risk of CC, whereas AAA (p = 3.89x10-9), AAG (p = 0.0003), AGA (p = 3.98x10-5) and AGG haplotypes (p = 0.002) significantly increased the risk of CC. The IL1β mRNA level was up-regulated, which was associated with poor prognosis in silico.

CONCLUSION

Our results conclude that rs16944 (IL1β), rs1801275 (IL4R), and rs1800797 (IL6) polymorphisms are associated with cervical cancer in Bangladeshi women.