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MicroRNA-379 inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of human osteosarcoma cells by targetting EIF4G2. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20160542. [PMID: 28381518 PMCID: PMC5434889 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive malignant mesenchymal neoplasm amongst adolescents. The aim of the present study was to explore the various modes of action that miR-379 has on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of human OS cells. miR-379 achieves this by targetting eukaryotic initiation factor 4GII (EIF4G2). Human OS cell lines U2OS and MG-63 were selected and assigned into blank, miR-379 mimics, miR-379 mimic negative control (NC), miR-379 inhibitors, miR-379 inhibitor NC, EIF4G2 shRNA, control shRNA, and miR-379 inhibitor + EIF4G2 shRNA group. The miR-379 expression and EIF4G2 mRNA expression were detected utilising quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and the EIF4G2 protein expression using Western blotting. MTT assay, scratch test, Transwell assay, and flow cytometry were performed to determine the proliferation, migration, invasion, and cell cycle, respectively. In comparison with the miR-379 mimic NC group, the miR-379 mimics group had decreased EIF4G2 expression; the miR-379 inhibitors group indicated an increased EIF4G2 expression. Compared with the control shRNA group, the EIF4G2 expression was lower in the EIF4G2 shRNA group and the miR-379 expression was dropped in the miR-379 inhibitor + EIF4G2 shRNA group. The proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of OS cells were reduced in the miR-379 mimics and EIF4G2 shRNA groups. The percentage of OS cells at the G0/G1 stage was increased, and the percentage at the S-stage was decreased in the miR-379 mimics and EIF4G2 shRNA groups. miR-379 may inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of OS cells through the down-regulation of EIF4G2.
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Mazan-Mamczarz K, Zhao XF, Dai B, Steinhardt JJ, Peroutka RJ, Berk KL, Landon AL, Sadowska M, Zhang Y, Lehrmann E, Becker KG, Shaknovich R, Liu Z, Gartenhaus RB. Down-regulation of eIF4GII by miR-520c-3p represses diffuse large B cell lymphoma development. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004105. [PMID: 24497838 PMCID: PMC3907297 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of the translational machinery is emerging as a critical contributor to cancer development. The contribution of microRNAs in translational gene control has been established however; the role of microRNAs in disrupting the cap-dependent translation regulation complex has not been previously described. Here, we established that elevated miR-520c-3p represses global translation, cell proliferation and initiates premature senescence in HeLa and DLBCL cells. Moreover, we demonstrate that miR-520c-3p directly targets translation initiation factor, eIF4GII mRNA and negatively regulates eIF4GII protein synthesis. miR-520c-3p overexpression diminishes cells colony formation and reduces tumor growth in a human xenograft mouse model. Consequently, downregulation of eIF4GII by siRNA decreases translation, cell proliferation and ability to form colonies, as well as induces cellular senescence. In vitro and in vivo findings were further validated in patient samples; DLBCL primary cells demonstrated low miR-520c-3p levels with reciprocally up-regulated eIF4GII protein expression. Our results provide evidence that the tumor suppressor effect of miR-520c-3p is mediated through repression of translation while inducing senescence and that eIF4GII is a key effector of this anti-tumor activity. Control of gene expression on the translational level is critical for proper function of major cellular processes and deregulation of translation can promote cellular transformation. Emerging actors in this post-transcriptional gene regulation are small non-coding RNAs referred to as microRNAs (miRNAs). We established that miR-520c-3p represses tumor growth through the repression of eIF4GII, a major structural component of the translation initiation complex. Since translation of most cellular mRNAs is primarily regulated at the level of initiation, this node is becoming a potential target for therapeutic intervention. Identified in this study, tumor suppressor function of miR-520c-3p is mediated through the inhibition of translational factor eIF4GII, resulting in the repression of global translational machinery and induction of senescence in tumor cells. While aging and senescence has been shown to be associated with reduced translation the linkage between translational deregulation and senescence in malignant cells has not been previously described. Lending further clinical significance to our findings, we were able to demonstrate that primary DLBCL samples had elevated levels of eIF4GII while having reciprocally low miR-520c-3p expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystyna Mazan-Mamczarz
- Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - X. Frank Zhao
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Bojie Dai
- Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - James J. Steinhardt
- Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Raymond J. Peroutka
- Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kimberly L. Berk
- Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ari L. Landon
- Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mariola Sadowska
- Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- Gene Expression and Genomics Unit, National Institute of Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Elin Lehrmann
- Gene Expression and Genomics Unit, National Institute of Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kevin G. Becker
- Gene Expression and Genomics Unit, National Institute of Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Rita Shaknovich
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Zhenqiu Liu
- Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ronald B. Gartenhaus
- Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
This chapter focuses on the three-dimensional organization of the nucleus in normal, early genomically unstable, and tumor cells. A cause-consequence relationship is discussed between nuclear alterations and the resulting genomic rearrangements. Examples are presented from studies on conditional Myc deregulation, experimental tumorigenesis in mouse plasmacytoma, nuclear remodeling in Hodgkin's lymphoma, and in adult glioblastoma. A model of nuclear remodeling is proposed for cancer progression in multiple myeloma. Current models of nuclear remodeling are described, including our model of altered nuclear architecture and the onset of genomic instability.
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Abstract
Once an mRNA is synthesized and processed, the immediate translation and later destruction of the transcript is not as inevitable as the central molecular biology dogma suggests. Interest in the field of post-transcriptional control continues to grow rapidly, as regulation of these multiple steps in gene expression is implicated in diverse aspects of biology such as metabolism, neurology, reproduction and viral lifecycle regulation. Researchers who utilize various combinations of human studies, animal models, cellular, genetic, biochemical and molecular techniques were brought together at the University of Edinburgh to discuss their latest findings. In this article, we introduce the content of the related reviews presented in this issue of Biochemical Society Transactions which together illustrate a major theme of the meeting content: namely the need to understand how dynamic changes in mRNP (messenger ribonucleoprotein) complexes modulate the multifunctionality of regulatory proteins which link different post-transcriptional regulatory events.
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