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Maqsood Z, Clark JC, Martin EM, Cheung YFH, Morán LA, Watson SET, Pike JA, Di Y, Poulter NS, Slater A, Lange BMH, Nieswandt B, Eble JA, Tomlinson MG, Owen DM, Stegner D, Bridge LJ, Wierling C, Watson SP. Experimental validation of computerised models of clustering of platelet glycoprotein receptors that signal via tandem SH2 domain proteins. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1010708. [PMID: 36441766 PMCID: PMC9731471 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The clustering of platelet glycoprotein receptors with cytosolic YxxL and YxxM motifs, including GPVI, CLEC-2 and PEAR1, triggers activation via phosphorylation of the conserved tyrosine residues and recruitment of the tandem SH2 (Src homology 2) domain effector proteins, Syk and PI 3-kinase. We have modelled the clustering of these receptors with monovalent, divalent and tetravalent soluble ligands and with transmembrane ligands based on the law of mass action using ordinary differential equations and agent-based modelling. The models were experimentally evaluated in platelets and transfected cell lines using monovalent and multivalent ligands, including novel nanobody-based divalent and tetravalent ligands, by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Ligand valency, receptor number, receptor dimerisation, receptor phosphorylation and a cytosolic tandem SH2 domain protein act in synergy to drive receptor clustering. Threshold concentrations of a CLEC-2-blocking antibody and Syk inhibitor act in synergy to block platelet aggregation. This offers a strategy for countering the effect of avidity of multivalent ligands and in limiting off-target effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Maqsood
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, IBR Building, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Alacris Theranostics, GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translation Bioimaging, University of Würzburg and Institute of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Joanne C. Clark
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, IBR Building, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Eleyna M. Martin
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, IBR Building, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Yam Fung Hilaire Cheung
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, IBR Building, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften–ISAS—e. V., Dortmund, Germany
- School of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Luis A. Morán
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, IBR Building, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sean E. T. Watson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, IBR Building, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy A. Pike
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, IBR Building, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ying Di
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, IBR Building, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie S. Poulter
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, IBR Building, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandre Slater
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, IBR Building, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translation Bioimaging, University of Würzburg and Institute of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johannes A. Eble
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Mike G. Tomlinson
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Dylan M. Owen
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, IBR Building, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - David Stegner
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translation Bioimaging, University of Würzburg and Institute of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lloyd J. Bridge
- Faculty of Environment & Technology, Department of Computer Science and Creative Technologies, University of the West England, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | - Steve P. Watson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, IBR Building, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- School of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Haining EJ, Matthews AL, Noy PJ, Romanska HM, Harris HJ, Pike J, Morowski M, Gavin RL, Yang J, Milhiet PE, Berditchevski F, Nieswandt B, Poulter NS, Watson SP, Tomlinson MG. Tetraspanin Tspan9 regulates platelet collagen receptor GPVI lateral diffusion and activation. Platelets 2017; 28:629-642. [PMID: 28032533 PMCID: PMC5706974 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2016.1254175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The tetraspanins are a superfamily of four-transmembrane proteins, which regulate the trafficking, lateral diffusion and clustering of the transmembrane proteins with which they interact. We have previously shown that tetraspanin Tspan9 is expressed on platelets. Here we have characterised gene-trap mice lacking Tspan9. The mice were viable with normal platelet numbers and size. Tspan9-deficient platelets were specifically defective in aggregation and secretion induced by the platelet collagen receptor GPVI, despite normal surface GPVI expression levels. A GPVI activation defect was suggested by partially impaired GPVI-induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation. In mechanistic experiments, Tspan9 and GPVI co-immunoprecipitated and co-localised, but super-resolution imaging revealed no defects in collagen-induced GPVI clustering on Tspan9-deficient platelets. However, single particle tracking using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy showed that GPVI lateral diffusion was reduced by approximately 50% in the absence of Tspan9. Therefore, Tspan9 plays a fine-tuning role in platelet activation by regulating GPVI membrane dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J. Haining
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alexandra L. Matthews
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Peter J. Noy
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Helen J. Harris
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jeremy Pike
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- PSIBS Doctoral Training Centre, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Martina Morowski
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rebecca L. Gavin
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Milhiet
- INSERM U1054, CNRS, UMR 5048, Centre de Biochimie Structurale, Montpellier University, France
| | - Fedor Berditchevski
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Natalie S. Poulter
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Steve P. Watson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Michael G. Tomlinson
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Menter DG, Kopetz S, Hawk E, Sood AK, Loree JM, Gresele P, Honn KV. Platelet "first responders" in wound response, cancer, and metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2017; 36:199-213. [PMID: 28730545 PMCID: PMC5709140 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-017-9682-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Platelets serve as "first responders" during normal wounding and homeostasis. Arising from bone marrow stem cell lineage megakaryocytes, anucleate platelets can influence inflammation and immune regulation. Biophysically, platelets are optimized due to size and discoid morphology to distribute near vessel walls, monitor vascular integrity, and initiate quick responses to vascular lesions. Adhesion receptors linked to a highly reactive filopodia-generating cytoskeleton maximizes their vascular surface contact allowing rapid response capabilities. Functionally, platelets normally initiate rapid clotting, vasoconstriction, inflammation, and wound biology that leads to sterilization, tissue repair, and resolution. Platelets also are among the first to sense, phagocytize, decorate, or react to pathogens in the circulation. These platelet first responder properties are commandeered during chronic inflammation, cancer progression, and metastasis. Leaky or inflammatory reaction blood vessel genesis during carcinogenesis provides opportunities for platelet invasion into tumors. Cancer is thought of as a non-healing or chronic wound that can be actively aided by platelet mitogenic properties to stimulate tumor growth. This growth ultimately outstrips circulatory support leads to angiogenesis and intravasation of tumor cells into the blood stream. Circulating tumor cells reengage additional platelets, which facilitates tumor cell adhesion, arrest and extravasation, and metastasis. This process, along with the hypercoagulable states associated with malignancy, is amplified by IL6 production in tumors that stimulate liver thrombopoietin production and elevates circulating platelet numbers by thrombopoiesis in the bone marrow. These complex interactions and the "first responder" role of platelets during diverse physiologic stresses provide a useful therapeutic target that deserves further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Menter
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Room#: FC10.3004, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard--Unit 0426, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Scott Kopetz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Room#: FC10.3004, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard--Unit 0426, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ernest Hawk
- Office of the Vice President Cancer Prevention & Population Science, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1370, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Gynocologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1362, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1362, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Jonathan M Loree
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Room#: FC10.3004, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard--Unit 0426, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Paolo Gresele
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Via E. Dal Pozzo, 06126, Perugia, Italy
| | - Kenneth V Honn
- Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, 431 Chemistry Bldg, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, 431 Chemistry Bldg, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
- Cancer Biology Division, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 431 Chemistry Bldg, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
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Matthews AL, Noy PJ, Reyat JS, Tomlinson MG. Regulation of A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) family sheddases ADAM10 and ADAM17: The emerging role of tetraspanins and rhomboids. Platelets 2016; 28:333-341. [PMID: 27256961 PMCID: PMC5490636 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2016.1184751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) 10 and ADAM17 are ubiquitous transmembrane “molecular scissors” which proteolytically cleave, or shed, the extracellular regions of other transmembrane proteins. ADAM10 is essential for development because it cleaves Notch proteins to induce Notch signaling and regulate cell fate decisions. ADAM17 is regarded as a first line of defense against injury and infection, by releasing tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) to promote inflammation and epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor ligands to maintain epidermal barrier function. However, the regulation of ADAM10 and ADAM17 trafficking and activation are not fully understood. This review will describe how the TspanC8 subgroup of tetraspanins (Tspan5, 10, 14, 15, 17, and 33) and the iRhom subgroup of protease-inactive rhomboids (iRhom1 and 2) have emerged as important regulators of ADAM10 and ADAM17, respectively. In particular, they are required for the enzymatic maturation and trafficking to the cell surface of the ADAMs, and there is evidence that different TspanC8s and iRhoms target the ADAMs to distinct substrates. The TspanC8s and iRhoms have not been studied functionally on platelets. On these cells, ADAM10 is the principal sheddase for the platelet collagen receptor GPVI, and the regulatory TspanC8s are Tspan14, 15, and 33, as determined from proteomic data. Platelet ADAM17 is the sheddase for the von Willebrand factor (vWF) receptor GPIb, and iRhom2 is the only iRhom that is expressed. Induced shedding of either GPVI or GPIb has therapeutic potential, since inhibition of either receptor is regarded as a promising anti-thrombotic therapy. Targeting of Tspan14, 15, or 33 to activate platelet ADAM10, or iRhom2 to activate ADAM17, may enable such an approach to be realized, without the toxic side effects of activating the ADAMs on every cell in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L Matthews
- a School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Peter J Noy
- a School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Jasmeet S Reyat
- a School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Michael G Tomlinson
- a School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
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Uchtmann K, Park ER, Bergsma A, Segula J, Edick MJ, Miranti CK. Homozygous loss of mouse tetraspanin CD82 enhances integrin αIIbβ3 expression and clot retraction in platelets. Exp Cell Res 2015; 339:261-9. [PMID: 26562164 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Integrin αIIbβ3 is critical for platelet-mediated blood clotting. Tetraspanins are well-established regulators of integrins and genetic loss of tetraspanin CD151 or TSSC6 in mice leads to increased bleeding due to inadequate integrin αIIbβ3 outside-in signaling. Conversely, mild but enhanced integrin αIIbβ3 activation and hyperaggregation is observed in CD9 and CD63 null mice respectively. CD82 is reportedly expressed in platelets; however its function is unknown. Using genetically engineered CD82 null mice, we investigated the role of the tetraspanin CD82 in platelet activation. Loss of CD82 resulted in reduced bleed times in vivo. CD82 was present on the surface of both human and mouse platelets, and its levels did not change upon platelet activation or degranulation. No differences in platelet activation, degranulation, or aggregation in response to ADP or collagen were detected in CD82 null mice. However, the kinetics of clot retraction was enhanced, which was intrinsic to the CD82-null platelets. Integrin αIIbβ3 surface expression was elevated on the platelets from CD82 null mice and they displayed enhanced adhesion and tyrosine kinase signaling on fibrinogen. This is the first report on CD82 function in platelets; which we found intrinsically modulates clot retraction, integrin αIIbβ3 expression, cell adhesion, and tyrosine signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Uchtmann
- Lab of Integrin Signaling, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503 United States
| | - Electa R Park
- Lab of Integrin Signaling, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503 United States
| | - Alexis Bergsma
- Lab of Integrin Signaling, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503 United States
| | - Justin Segula
- Lab of Integrin Signaling, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503 United States
| | - Mathew J Edick
- Lab of Integrin Signaling, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503 United States
| | - Cindy K Miranti
- Lab of Integrin Signaling, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503 United States.
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Makkawi M, Moheimani F, Alserihi R, Howells D, Wright M, Ashman L, Jackson DE. A complementary role for tetraspanin superfamily member CD151 and ADP purinergic P2Y12 receptor in platelets. Thromb Haemost 2015; 114:1004-19. [PMID: 26245294 DOI: 10.1160/th14-11-0967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
P2Y12 receptor is required for sustained activation of integrin αIIbβ3, irreversible platelet aggregation and thrombus stabilisation. Tetraspanin superfamily member CD151 associates with integrin αIIbβ3 and plays critical roles in regulation of thrombus growth and stability in vivo. The possible functional relationship between P2Y12 and CD151 in a molecular cluster in platelets may affect thrombus formation. Hence our aim was to investigate the physical and functional requirements for this association in platelets. Our investigations reveal a specific and constitutive association between CD151 and P2Y12 receptor in human platelets shown by immunoprecipitation/western blot studies and by flow cytometry. Specifically, the prominent association involves CD151 with P2Y12 oligomers, and to a lesser extent P2Y12 monomers. This association is not altered by platelet aggregation induced by different agonists. There is also a distinct complex of tetraspanin CD151 with ADP purinergic receptor P2Y12 but not P2Y1. P2Y12 oligomer interaction with CD151 is selective as compared to other tetraspanins. To investigate the functional relationship between these receptors in platelets we used wild-type or CD151 knockout (KO) mice treated with either PBS or 50 mg/kg clopidogrel. CD151 KO mice treated with clopidogrel exhibited synergy in delayed kinetics of clot retraction, in PAR-4 and collagen-mediated platelet aggregation, platelet spreading on fibrinogen and without restricting cAMP inhibition. Clopidogrel treated CD151 KO arterioles showed smaller and less stable thrombi with increased tendency to embolise ex vivo and in vivo. These studies demonstrate a complementary role between CD151 and P2Y12 receptor in platelets in regulating thrombus growth and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Denise E Jackson
- Prof. Denise E. Jackson, BAppSc (MLS), FAIMS, PhD, FFSc, Discipline Head and Program Leader of Laboratory Medicine, Head of Thrombosis and Vascular Diseases Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, RMIT University, PO Box 71, Bundoora. Victoria 3083, Australia, Tel.: +61 3 9925 7392, Fax: +61 3 9925 7063, E-mail:
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Stegner D, Haining EJ, Nieswandt B. Targeting glycoprotein VI and the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif signaling pathway. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:1615-20. [PMID: 24925975 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.303408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery thrombosis and ischemic stroke are often initiated by the disruption of an atherosclerotic plaque and consequent intravascular platelet activation. Thus, antiplatelet drugs are central in the treatment and prevention of the initial, and subsequent, vascular events. However, novel pharmacological targets for platelet inhibition remain an important goal of cardiovascular research because of the negative effect of existing antiplatelet drugs on primary hemostasis. One promising target is the platelet collagen receptor glycoprotein VI. Blockade or antibody-mediated depletion of this receptor in circulating platelets is beneficial in experimental models of thrombosis and thrombo-inflammatory diseases, such as stroke, without impairing hemostasis. In this review, we summarize the importance of glycoprotein VI and (hem)immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif signaling in hemostasis, thrombosis, and thrombo-inflammatory processes and discuss the targeting strategies currently under development for inhibiting glycoprotein VI and its signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Stegner
- From the Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg and Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Elizabeth J Haining
- From the Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg and Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- From the Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg and Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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Menter DG, Tucker SC, Kopetz S, Sood AK, Crissman JD, Honn KV. Platelets and cancer: a casual or causal relationship: revisited. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2014; 33:231-69. [PMID: 24696047 PMCID: PMC4186918 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-014-9498-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Human platelets arise as subcellular fragments of megakaryocytes in bone marrow. The physiologic demand, presence of disease such as cancer, or drug effects can regulate the production circulating platelets. Platelet biology is essential to hemostasis, vascular integrity, angiogenesis, inflammation, innate immunity, wound healing, and cancer biology. The most critical biological platelet response is serving as "First Responders" during the wounding process. The exposure of extracellular matrix proteins and intracellular components occurs after wounding. Numerous platelet receptors recognize matrix proteins that trigger platelet activation, adhesion, aggregation, and stabilization. Once activated, platelets change shape and degranulate to release growth factors and bioactive lipids into the blood stream. This cyclic process recruits and aggregates platelets along with thrombogenesis. This process facilitates wound closure or can recognize circulating pathologic bodies. Cancer cell entry into the blood stream triggers platelet-mediated recognition and is amplified by cell surface receptors, cellular products, extracellular factors, and immune cells. In some cases, these interactions suppress immune recognition and elimination of cancer cells or promote arrest at the endothelium, or entrapment in the microvasculature, and survival. This supports survival and spread of cancer cells and the establishment of secondary lesions to serve as important targets for prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Menter
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
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Haining EJ, Yang J, Bailey RL, Khan K, Collier R, Tsai S, Watson SP, Frampton J, Garcia P, Tomlinson MG. The TspanC8 subgroup of tetraspanins interacts with A disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10) and regulates its maturation and cell surface expression. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:39753-65. [PMID: 23035126 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.416503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10) is a ubiquitous transmembrane metalloprotease that cleaves the extracellular regions from over 40 different transmembrane target proteins, including Notch and amyloid precursor protein. ADAM10 is essential for embryonic development and is also important in inflammation, cancer, and Alzheimer disease. However, ADAM10 regulation remains poorly understood. ADAM10 is compartmentalized into membrane microdomains formed by tetraspanins, which are a superfamily of 33 transmembrane proteins in humans that regulate clustering and trafficking of certain other transmembrane "partner" proteins. This is achieved by specific tetraspanin-partner interactions, but it is not clear which tetraspanins specifically interact with ADAM10. The aims of this study were to identify which tetraspanins interact with ADAM10 and how they regulate this metalloprotease. Co-immunoprecipitation identified specific ADAM10 interactions with Tspan5, Tspan10, Tspan14, Tspan15, Tspan17, and Tspan33/Penumbra. These are members of the largely unstudied TspanC8 subgroup of tetraspanins, all six of which promoted ADAM10 maturation. Different cell types express distinct repertoires of TspanC8 tetraspanins. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells express relatively high levels of Tspan14, the knockdown of which reduced ADAM10 surface expression and activity. Mouse erythrocytes express predominantly Tspan33, and ADAM10 expression was substantially reduced in the absence of this tetraspanin. In contrast, ADAM10 expression was normal on Tspan33-deficient mouse platelets in which Tspan14 is the major TspanC8 tetraspanin. These results define TspanC8 tetraspanins as essential regulators of ADAM10 maturation and trafficking to the cell surface. This finding has therapeutic implications because focusing on specific TspanC8-ADAM10 complexes may allow cell type- and/or substrate-specific ADAM10 targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Haining
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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