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Li F, Pan J, Choi JH. Local direction change of surface gliding microtubules. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:1128-1138. [PMID: 30659580 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In vitro gliding assay, microtubule translocation by kinesin motor proteins on a surface, has been used as an engineering tool in analyte detection, molecular cargo transport, and other applications. Although controlling the moving direction is often necessary to realize these applications, current direction control methods focus largely on lithographic microfabrication of tracks or external fields on the microtubules. These methods are effective, but are relatively complicated. In addition, they cannot target particular microtubules without affecting others. In this study, we propose a facile approach that can make local direction changes for selected microtubules using a polystyrene particle as a circular motion center and a DNA double helix with streptavidin as a capture arm. The DNA arm captures a microtubule in the close proximity of the immobilized particle via biotin-streptavidin interaction and changes the moving direction ~10° on average. In contrast, no significant direction changes are observed other than random variations with streptavidin-less DNA arms (normal distribution centered at 0°), similar to regular motility assay. The particle-assisted local direction change scheme is compared with a flow field-based ensemble method. The combination of flow and kinesin interactions with each microtubule exerts a force to change the direction, ultimately aligning it to the flow field, regardless of its initial direction. A simple model based on the force balance predicts the time needed for such an alignment. Overall, the particle-based local scheme is distinct and different from ensemble methods such as crossflow that changes directions of all microtubules in the field, thus offering unique utility in engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiran Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Jing Pan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Jong Hyun Choi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
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2
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Lim A, Rechtsteiner A, Saxton WM. Two kinesins drive anterograde neuropeptide transport. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:3542-3553. [PMID: 28904207 PMCID: PMC5683764 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-12-0820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor-dependent anterograde transport, a process that moves cytoplasmic components from sites of biosynthesis to sites of use within cells, is crucial in neurons with long axons. Evidence has emerged that multiple anterograde kinesins can contribute to some transport processes. To test the multi-kinesin possibility for a single vesicle type, we studied the functional relationships of axonal kinesins to dense core vesicles (DCVs) that were filled with a GFP-tagged neuropeptide in the Drosophila nervous system. Past work showed that Unc-104 (a kinesin-3) is a key anterograde DCV motor. Here we show that anterograde DCV transport requires the well-known mitochondrial motor Khc (kinesin-1). Our results indicate that this influence is direct. Khc mutations had specific effects on anterograde run parameters, neuron-specific inhibition of mitochondrial transport by Milton RNA interference had no influence on anterograde DCV runs, and detailed colocalization analysis by superresolution microscopy revealed that Unc-104 and Khc coassociate with individual DCVs. DCV distribution analysis in peptidergic neurons suggest the two kinesins have compartment specific influences. We suggest a mechanism in which Unc-104 is particularly important for moving DCVs from cell bodies into axons, and then Unc-104 and kinesin-1 function together to support fast, highly processive runs toward axon terminals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeline Lim
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064
| | - Andreas Rechtsteiner
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064
| | - William M Saxton
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064
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3
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Nguyen TQ, Chenon M, Vilela F, Velours C, Aumont-Nicaise M, Andreani J, Varela PF, Llinas P, Ménétrey J. Structural plasticity of the N-terminal capping helix of the TPR domain of kinesin light chain. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186354. [PMID: 29036226 PMCID: PMC5642895 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinesin1 plays a major role in neuronal transport by recruiting many different cargos through its kinesin light chain (KLC). Various structurally unrelated cargos interact with the conserved tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain of KLC. The N-terminal capping helix of the TPR domain exhibits an atypical sequence and structural features that may contribute to the versatility of the TPR domain to bind different cargos. We determined crystal structures of the TPR domain of both KLC1 and KLC2 encompassing the N-terminal capping helix and show that this helix exhibits two distinct and defined orientations relative to the rest of the TPR domain. Such a difference in orientation gives rise, at the N-terminal part of the groove, to the formation of one hydrophobic pocket, as well as to electrostatic variations at the groove surface. We present a comprehensive structural analysis of available KLC1/2-TPR domain structures that highlights that ligand binding into the groove can be specific of one or the other N-terminal capping helix orientations. Further, structural analysis reveals that the N-terminal capping helix is always involved in crystal packing contacts, especially in a TPR1:TPR1' contact which highlights its propensity to be a protein-protein interaction site. Together, these results underline that the structural plasticity of the N-terminal capping helix might represent a structural determinant for TPR domain structural versatility in cargo binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- The Quyen Nguyen
- Laboratoire d'Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales (LEBS), CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Mélanie Chenon
- Laboratoire d'Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales (LEBS), CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Fernando Vilela
- Laboratoire d'Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales (LEBS), CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Christophe Velours
- Laboratoire d'Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales (LEBS), CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Magali Aumont-Nicaise
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Jessica Andreani
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Paloma F. Varela
- Laboratoire d'Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales (LEBS), CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Paola Llinas
- Laboratoire d'Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales (LEBS), CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Julie Ménétrey
- Laboratoire d'Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales (LEBS), CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
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Brady ST, Morfini GA. Regulation of motor proteins, axonal transport deficits and adult-onset neurodegenerative diseases. Neurobiol Dis 2017; 105:273-282. [PMID: 28411118 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurons affected in a wide variety of unrelated adult-onset neurodegenerative diseases (AONDs) typically exhibit a "dying back" pattern of degeneration, which is characterized by early deficits in synaptic function and neuritic pathology long before neuronal cell death. Consistent with this observation, multiple unrelated AONDs including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and several motor neuron diseases feature early alterations in kinase-based signaling pathways associated with deficits in axonal transport (AT), a complex cellular process involving multiple intracellular trafficking events powered by microtubule-based motor proteins. These pathogenic events have important therapeutic implications, suggesting that a focus on preservation of neuronal connections may be more effective to treat AONDs than addressing neuronal cell death. While the molecular mechanisms underlying AT abnormalities in AONDs are still being analyzed, evidence has accumulated linking those to a well-established pathological hallmark of multiple AONDs: altered patterns of neuronal protein phosphorylation. Here, we present a short overview on the biochemical heterogeneity of major motor proteins for AT, their regulation by protein kinases, and evidence revealing cell type-specific AT specializations. When considered together, these findings may help explain how independent pathogenic pathways can affect AT differentially in the context of each AOND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott T Brady
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.
| | - Gerardo A Morfini
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.
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Morfini G, Schmidt N, Weissmann C, Pigino G, Kins S. Conventional kinesin: Biochemical heterogeneity and functional implications in health and disease. Brain Res Bull 2016; 126:347-353. [PMID: 27339812 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular trafficking events powered by microtubule-based molecular motors facilitate the targeted delivery of selected molecular components to specific neuronal subdomains. Within this context, we provide a brief review of mechanisms underlying the execution of axonal transport (AT) by conventional kinesin, the most abundant kinesin-related motor protein in the mature nervous system. We emphasize the biochemical heterogeneity of this multi-subunit motor protein, further discussing its significance in light of recent discoveries revealing its regulation by various protein kinases. In addition, we raise issues relevant to the mode of conventional kinesin attachment to cargoes and examine recent evidence linking alterations in conventional kinesin phosphorylation to the pathogenesis of adult-onset neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Morfini
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Nadine Schmidt
- Division of Human Biology and Human Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 13, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Carina Weissmann
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gustavo Pigino
- Instituto de Investigación Médica "Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra", INIMEC-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Friuli 2434, 5016 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Stefan Kins
- Division of Human Biology and Human Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 13, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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Llinas P, Chenon M, Nguyen TQ, Moreira C, de Régibus A, Coquard A, Ramos MJ, Guérois R, Fernandes PA, Ménétrey J. Structure of a truncated form of leucine zipper II of JIP3 reveals an unexpected antiparallel coiled-coil arrangement. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2016; 72:198-206. [PMID: 26919523 PMCID: PMC4774878 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x16001576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
JIP3 and JIP4, two highly related scaffolding proteins for MAP kinases, are binding partners for two molecular motors as well as for the small G protein ARF6. The leucine zipper II (LZII) region of JIP3/4 is the binding site for these three partners. Previously, the crystal structure of ARF6 bound to JIP4 revealed LZII in a parallel coiled-coil arrangement. Here, the crystal structure of an N-terminally truncated form of LZII of JIP3 alone shows an unexpected antiparallel arrangement. Using molecular dynamics and modelling, the stability of this antiparallel LZII arrangement, as well as its specificity for ARF6, were investigated. This study highlights that N-terminal truncation of LZII can change its coiled-coil orientation without affecting its overall stability. Further, a conserved buried asparagine residue was pinpointed as a possible structural determinant for this dramatic structural rearrangement. Thus, LZII of JIP3/4 is a versatile structural motif, modifications of which can impact partner recognition and thus biological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Llinas
- Laboratoire d’Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales (LEBS), CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Mélanie Chenon
- Laboratoire d’Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales (LEBS), CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - T. Quyen Nguyen
- Laboratoire d’Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales (LEBS), CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Catia Moreira
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Annélie de Régibus
- Laboratoire d’Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales (LEBS), CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Aline Coquard
- Laboratoire d’Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales (LEBS), CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Maria J. Ramos
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Raphaël Guérois
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pedro A. Fernandes
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Julie Ménétrey
- Laboratoire d’Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales (LEBS), CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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7
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Vitre B, Gudimchuk N, Borda R, Kim Y, Heuser JE, Cleveland DW, Grishchuk EL. Kinetochore-microtubule attachment throughout mitosis potentiated by the elongated stalk of the kinetochore kinesin CENP-E. Mol Biol Cell 2014; 25:2272-81. [PMID: 24920822 PMCID: PMC4116301 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-01-0698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Centromere protein E (CENP-E) is a highly elongated kinesin that transports pole-proximal chromosomes during congression in prometaphase. During metaphase, it facilitates kinetochore-microtubule end-on attachment required to achieve and maintain chromosome alignment. In vitro CENP-E can walk processively along microtubule tracks and follow both growing and shrinking microtubule plus ends. Neither the CENP-E-dependent transport along microtubules nor its tip-tracking activity requires the unusually long coiled-coil stalk of CENP-E. The biological role for the CENP-E stalk has now been identified through creation of "Bonsai" CENP-E with significantly shortened stalk but wild-type motor and tail domains. We demonstrate that Bonsai CENP-E fails to bind microtubules in vitro unless a cargo is contemporaneously bound via its C-terminal tail. In contrast, both full-length and truncated CENP-E that has no stalk and tail exhibit robust motility with and without cargo binding, highlighting the importance of CENP-E stalk for its activity. Correspondingly, kinetochore attachment to microtubule ends is shown to be disrupted in cells whose CENP-E has a shortened stalk, thereby producing chromosome misalignment in metaphase and lagging chromosomes during anaphase. Together these findings establish an unexpected role of CENP-E elongated stalk in ensuring stability of kinetochore-microtubule attachments during chromosome congression and segregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Vitre
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Nikita Gudimchuk
- Physiology Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Ranier Borda
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Yumi Kim
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - John E Heuser
- Department of Cell Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, St Louis, MO 63110WPI Institute for Cell and Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Don W Cleveland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Ekaterina L Grishchuk
- Physiology Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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Campbell PD, Marlow FL. Temporal and tissue specific gene expression patterns of the zebrafish kinesin-1 heavy chain family, kif5s, during development. Gene Expr Patterns 2013; 13:271-9. [PMID: 23684767 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Homo- and heterodimers of Kif5 proteins form the motor domain of Kinesin-1, a major plus-end directed microtubule motor. Kif5s have been implicated in the intracellular transport of organelles, vesicles, proteins, and RNAs in many cell types. There are three mammalian KIF5s. KIF5A and KIF5C proteins are strictly neural in mouse whereas, KIF5B is ubiquitously expressed. Mouse knockouts indicate crucial roles for KIF5 in development and human mutations in KIF5A lead to the neurodegenerative disease Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia. However, the developmental functions and the extent to which individual kif5 functions overlap have not been elucidated. Zebrafish possess five kif5 genes: kif5Aa, kif5Ab, kif5Ba, kif5Bb, and kif5C. Here we report their tissue specific expression patterns in embryonic and larval stages. Specifically, we find that kif5As are strictly zygotic and exhibit neural-specific expression. In contrast, kif5Bs exhibit strong maternal contribution and are ubiquitously expressed. Lastly, kif5C exhibits weak maternal expression followed by enrichment in neural populations. In addition, kif5s show distinct expression domains in the larval retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip D Campbell
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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