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Li W, Xiang Z, Yu W, Huang X, Jiang Q, Abumansour A, Yang Y, Chen C. Natural compounds and mesenchymal stem cells: implications for inflammatory-impaired tissue regeneration. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:34. [PMID: 38321524 PMCID: PMC10848428 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03641-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a common and important pathological process occurring in any part of the body and relating to a variety of diseases. Effective tissue repair is critical for the survival of impaired organisms. Considering the side effects of the currently used anti-inflammatory medications, new therapeutic agents are urgently needed for the improvement of regenerative capacities of inflammatory-impaired tissues. Mesenchymal stromal stem/progenitor cells (MSCs) are characterized by the capabilities of self-renewal and multipotent differentiation and exhibit immunomodulatory capacity. Due to the ability to modulate inflammatory phenotypes and immune responses, MSCs have been considered as a potential alternative therapy for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Natural compounds (NCs) are complex small multiple-target molecules mostly derived from plants and microorganisms, exhibiting therapeutic effects in many disorders, such as osteoporosis, diabetes, cancer, and inflammatory/autoimmune diseases. Recently, increasing studies focused on the prominent effects of NCs on MSCs, including the regulation of cell survival and inflammatory response, as well as osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation capacities, which indicate the roles of NCs on MSC-based cytotherapy in several inflammatory diseases. Their therapeutic effects and fewer side effects in numerous physiological processes, compared to chemosynthetic drugs, made them to be a new therapeutic avenue combined with MSCs for impaired tissue regeneration. Here we summarize the current understanding of the influence of NCs on MSCs and related downstream signaling pathways, specifically in pathological inflammatory conditions. In addition, the emerging concepts through the combination of NCs and MSCs to expand the therapeutic perspectives are highlighted. A promising MSC source from oral/dental tissues is also discussed, with a remarkable potential for MSC-based therapy in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zichao Xiang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Yu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 S. 40th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiaobin Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 S. 40th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Qian Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 S. 40th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Arwa Abumansour
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 S. 40th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ying Yang
- Research and Innovation Oral Care, Colgate-Palmolive Company, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Chider Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 S. 40th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Center of Innovation and Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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2
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Li Y, Li L, Li X, Luo B, Ye Q, Wang H, Yang L, Zhu X, Han L, Zhang R, Tian H, Wang P. A mechanistic review of chinese medicine polyphenols on bone formation and resorption. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1017538. [PMID: 36313339 PMCID: PMC9597080 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1017538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone reconstruction includes a steady state system of bone formation and bone absorption. This tight coupling requires subtle coordination between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. If this balance is broken, it will lead to bone mass loss, bone density reduction, and bone metabolic diseases, such as osteoporosis. Polyphenols in Chinese herbal medicines are active ingredients in plant extracts with high safety and few side effects, and they can play a role in affecting bone formation and bone resorption. Some of these have estrogen-like effects and can better target bone health in postmenopausal women. The purpose of this review is to provide comprehensive information on the mechanisms underlying the relationship between traditional Chinese medicine polyphenols and bone formation or bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingyu Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingjie Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianyun Ye
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Han
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ronghua Zhang
- Cancer Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ronghua Zhang, ; Huaqin Tian, ; Panpan Wang,
| | - Huaqin Tian
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
- *Correspondence: Ronghua Zhang, ; Huaqin Tian, ; Panpan Wang,
| | - Panpan Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ronghua Zhang, ; Huaqin Tian, ; Panpan Wang,
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Hu J, Li C, Jin S, Ye Y, Fang Y, Xu P, Zhang C. Salvianolic acid B combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells piggybacked on HAMA hydrogel re-transplantation improves intervertebral disc degeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:950625. [PMID: 36237221 PMCID: PMC9552300 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.950625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-based tissue engineering approaches have emerged as a realistic alternative for regenerative disc tissue repair. The multidirectional differentiation potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to treat disc degeneration intervertebral disc degeneration has also become a viable option. We used 1% HAMA hydrogel as a carrier and co-encapsulated BMSCs and Salvianolic acid B (SalB) into the hydrogel to reduce the apoptosis of the transplanted cells. The protective effect of SalB on BMSCs was first verified in vitro using the CCK8 method, flow cytometry, and Western-Blotting, and the physical properties and biocompatibility of HAMA hydrogels were verified in vitro. The rat model was then established using the pinprick method and taken at 4 and 8 W, to examine the extent of disc degeneration by histology and immunohistochemistry, respectively. It was found that SalB could effectively reduce the apoptosis of BMSCs in vitro by activating the JAK2-STAT3 pathway. 1% HAMA hydrogels had larger pore size and better water retention, and the percentage of cell survival within the hydrogels was significantly higher after the addition of SalB to the HAMA hydrogels. In the in vivo setting, the HAMA + SalB + BMSCs group had a more pronounced delaying effect on the progression of disc degeneration compared to the other treatment groups. The method used in this study to encapsulate protective drugs with stem cells in a hydrogel for injection into the lesion has potential research value in the field of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation in Anhui Province, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Cai Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation in Anhui Province, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Shichang Jin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yuchen Ye
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yuekun Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation in Anhui Province, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Panpan Xu
- Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Changchun Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation in Anhui Province, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- *Correspondence: Changchun Zhang,
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Xiao Z, Liu W, Mu YP, Zhang H, Wang XN, Zhao CQ, Chen JM, Liu P. Pharmacological Effects of Salvianolic Acid B Against Oxidative Damage. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:572373. [PMID: 33343348 PMCID: PMC7741185 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.572373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) is one of the main active ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza, with strong antioxidant effects. Recent findings have shown that Sal B has anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-fibrotic effects and can promote stem cell proliferation and differentiation, and has a beneficial effect on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, aging, and liver fibrosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) include oxygen free radicals and oxygen-containing non-free radicals. ROS can regulate cell proliferation, survival, death and differentiation to regulate inflammation, and immunity, while Sal B can scavenge oxygen free radicals by providing hydrogen atoms and reduce the production of oxygen free radicals and oxygen-containing non-radicals by regulating the expression of antioxidant enzymes. The many pharmacological effects of Sal B may be closely related to its elimination and inhibition of ROS generation, and Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/Kelch-like ECH-related protein 1 may be the core link in its regulation of the expression of antioxidant enzyme to exert its antioxidant effect. What is confusing and interesting is that Sal B exhibits the opposite mechanisms in tumors. To clarify the specific target of Sal B and the correlation between its regulation of oxidative stress and energy metabolism homeostasis will help to further understand its role in different pathological conditions, and provide a scientific basis for its further clinical application and new drug development. Although Sal B has broad prospects in clinical application due to its extensive pharmacological effects, the low bioavailability is a serious obstacle to further improving its efficacy in vivo and promoting clinical application. Therefore, how to improve the availability of Sal B in vivo requires the joint efforts of many interdisciplinary subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhun Xiao
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Ping Mu
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ning Wang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang-Qing Zhao
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Mei Chen
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Yan HS, Hang C, Chen SW, Wang KK, Bo P. Salvianolic acid B combined with mesenchymal stem cells contributes to nucleus pulposus regeneration. Connect Tissue Res 2020; 61:435-444. [PMID: 31023105 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2019.1611794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether salvianolic acid B is able to enhance repair of degenerated intervertebral discs by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) through the promotion of MSC differentiation into nucleus pulposus cells in a nucleus-pulposus-like environment and by enhancing the trophic effect of MSCs on residual nucleus pulposus cells (mediated by transforming growth factor-β1). MATERIALS AND METHODS Successful intervertebral disc degeneration models, established by aspiration of the nucleus pulposus in New Zealand white rabbits, were randomly divided into eight groups: Group A was treated with MSC transplantation. Group B was treated with MSC transplantation and salvianolic acid B, with the subgroups B1, B2, B3, and B4 receiving 0.01 mg/L, 0.1 mg/L, 1 mg/L, and 10 mg/L salvianolic acid B, respectively. Groups C and D were treated with phosphate buffer saline and sham graft, respectively. Group E was the normal control group. At the end of week 8, the type II collagen, proteoglycan, transforming growth factor-β1, and water contents in each group were examined by semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry, spectrophotometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and magnetic resonance, respectively. RESULTS The content of type II collagen, proteoglycan, transforming growth factor-β1, and water in groups B3 and B4 were significantly higher than those in group A (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Salvianolic acid B (1 mg/L to 10 mg/L) plus MSC transplantation was more effective in repairing degenerated intervertebral discs than was stem cell transplantation alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Shen Yan
- Medical College, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Science, Yangzhou Polytechnic College , Yangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Hang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou, China
| | - Shu-Wen Chen
- Department of Mathematics and Information Technology, Jiangsu Second Normal University , Nanjing, China
| | - Ke-Ke Wang
- Department of Medical Science, Yangzhou Polytechnic College , Yangzhou, China
| | - Ping Bo
- Medical College, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou, China
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Liu J, Wang H, Ren W, Zhou Y, Ye Z, Tan WS. β-mercaptoethanol promotes osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells via sirt1-ERK pathway. Cytotechnology 2020; 72:695-706. [PMID: 32691200 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-020-00412-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUMSCs) hold strong self-renewal capacity and low immunogenicity, which have attracted attention as potential candidates for bone repair and regeneration. However, insufficient osteogenic differentiation markedly hinders the clinical applications of hUMSCs. In the present study, the effect of β-mercaptoethanol (BME), a small molecule antioxidant which has been identified to regulate cell proliferation and differentiation, on osteogenic differentiation of hUMSCs and underlying signaling mechanism were investigated. The results indicated that under osteogenic induction conditions, BME treatment increased the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and promoted calcium mineralization in hUMSCs. The gene and protein expression of osteogenesis-related markers such as ALP, osteopontin (OPN), osteocalcin (OCN) and collagen type I (COLI) were also significantly up-regulated. Besides, BME promoted the protein expression of silent information regulator type 1 (sirt1) and stimulated the activation of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), contributing to increased Runx2 expression. Furthermore, blocking the expression of sirt1 attenuated BME-enhanced ERK phosphorylation and osteogenic differentiation of hUMSCs. These results indicated that BME accelerated osteogenic differentiation of hUMSCs by activating the sirt1-ERK signaling pathway, thereby providing insights into the development of MSCs-based bone regeneration strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei-Long Road, P. O. Box 309#, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei-Long Road, P. O. Box 309#, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxia Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei-Long Road, P. O. Box 309#, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei-Long Road, P. O. Box 309#, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhaoyang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei-Long Road, P. O. Box 309#, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Song Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei-Long Road, P. O. Box 309#, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
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Wu Q, Yuan X, Li B, Han R, Zhang H, Xiu R. Salvianolic Acid Alleviated Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats by Inhibiting Apoptosis in Pericytes via P53 and the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK Pathway. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:1523-1534. [PMID: 32368011 PMCID: PMC7170553 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s245959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of salvianolic acid A (SA) on the permeability of blood–brain barrier (BBB) and brain microvascular pericyte apoptosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods Evans Blue was used to determine the BBB permeability in control rats and SHR. Western blotting was used to evaluate the expression levels of relevant proteins in the pericytes isolated from the differentially treated animals. An in vitro model of hypertension was established by stimulating pericytes with angiopoietin-2 (Ang2). MTT assay was used to assess cell viability, and apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results SA attenuated BBB permeability in SHR in a dose-dependent manner. It downregulated pro-apoptotic proteins including p53, p21, Fas, FasL, cleaved-caspase 3/caspase 3 and Bax in the pericytes of SHR and upregulated CDK6, cyclin D1, CDK2, cyclin E and Bcl2. In addition, SA activated the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway in a dose-dependent manner by increasing the levels of Ras, Raf, p-MEK1, p-MEK2, p-ERK1 and p-ERK2. Finally, SA reduced Ang2-induced apoptosis of cerebral microvessels pericytes and decreased the proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle by inhibiting the p53 pathway and activating the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway. Conclusion SA reduced BBB permeability in spontaneously hypertensive rats, possibly by inhibiting Ang2-induced apoptosis of pericytes by activating the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbin Wu
- Institute of Microcirculation, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences & Pecking Union Medical College
| | - Xiaochen Yuan
- Institute of Microcirculation, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences & Pecking Union Medical College
| | - Bingwei Li
- Institute of Microcirculation, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences & Pecking Union Medical College
| | - Ruiqin Han
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Honggang Zhang
- Institute of Microcirculation, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences & Pecking Union Medical College
| | - Ruijuan Xiu
- Institute of Microcirculation, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences & Pecking Union Medical College
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Guo YZ, Jiang YN, Li YF, Kurihara H, Dai Y, He RR. Clinical Prescription-Protein-Small Molecule-Disease Strategy (CPSD), A New Strategy for Chinese Medicine Development: A Case Study in Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1564. [PMID: 32038243 PMCID: PMC6987446 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chinese medicine is a national treasure that has been passed down for thousands of years in China. According to the statistics of the World Health Organization, there are currently four billion people in the world who use Chinese medicine to treat diseases, accounting for 80% of the world's total population. However, the obscurity of its theory, its unmanageable quality, its complex compositions, and the unknown effective substances and mechanisms are great obstacles to the internationalization of Chinese medicine. Here, we propose a new strategy for the development of Chinese medicine: the clinical prescription (C)-protein (P)-small-molecule (S)-disease (D) strategy, namely the CPSD strategy. The strategy uses clinical prescriptions as the source of medicine and uses computer simulation technology to find small-molecule drugs targeting therapeutic proteins for treating specific diseases so as to deepen awareness of the value of Chinese medicine. At the same time, this article takes cardiovascular drug development as an example to introduce the application of CPSD, which will be instrumental in the further development, modernization, and internationalization of Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Zhi Guo
- Guangdong Province Research and Development Center for Chinese Medicine in Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Nan Jiang
- Guangdong Province Research and Development Center for Chinese Medicine in Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Fang Li
- Guangdong Province Research and Development Center for Chinese Medicine in Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hiroshi Kurihara
- Guangdong Province Research and Development Center for Chinese Medicine in Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Dai
- Guangdong Province Research and Development Center for Chinese Medicine in Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong-Rong He
- Guangdong Province Research and Development Center for Chinese Medicine in Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Ma L, Feng X, Wang K, Song Y, Luo R, Yang C. Dexamethasone promotes mesenchymal stem cell apoptosis and inhibits osteogenesis by disrupting mitochondrial dynamics. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 10:211-220. [PMID: 31788976 PMCID: PMC6996403 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Long‐term or heavy use of glucocorticoids can cause severe necrosis of the femoral head, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Recent studies have found that mitochondrial dynamics play an important role in femoral head necrosis. Here, we investigated the effect of dexamethasone on the mitochondrial function of mesenchymal stem cells. We observed that high concentrations of dexamethasone (10−6 mol·L−1) decreased cell activity, promoted apoptosis, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species and disrupted mitochondrial dynamics. Furthermore, dexamethasone (10−6 mol·L−1) inhibited osteogenesis of stem cells and promoted adipogenesis. These findings may facilitate greater understanding of the adverse effects of dexamethasone on the femoral head.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaobo Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rongjin Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cao Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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10
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Li D, Liu Y, Xu R, Jia X, Li X, Huo C, Wang X. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Astragalus polysaccharide alleviates H2O2-triggered oxidative injury in human umbilical vein endothelial cells via promoting KLF2. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:2188-2195. [PMID: 31159593 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1621886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongtao Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xin Jia
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Cong Huo
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
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Wang T, Li X, Li Y, Wu J, Huang Y, Wei G, Chen D. Mechanistic Chemistry of Extraordinary Capacity of Salvianolic Acid B on Oxidatively-damaged Mesenchymal Stem Cells. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201600112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Xican Li
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Yunrong Li
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Jianrun Wu
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Yuyin Huang
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Gang Wei
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- School of Basic Medical Science; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou China
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Yue M, Aishu R, Gang F. [Effects of salvianolic acid B on osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2016; 34:468-473. [PMID: 28326703 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effects of salvianolic acid B (Sal B), a major bioactive component of the Chinese medicine salvia miltiorrhiza, on osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs). METHODS Third passage PDLCs were used in this experiment. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method was employed to observe the effects of different Sal B concentrations on proliferation activity of hPDLCs. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization capability were measured, and mRNA expression of osteocalcin (OCN) was detected to investigate the effects of Sal B on osteogenesis of hPDLCs. RESULTS Sal B did not influence the viability of hPDLCs. The ALP activity and OCN mRNA expression levels of hPDLCs were both significantly improved (P<0.05) under treatment with different Sal B concentrations (0.5, 1, and 5 μmol·L⁻¹) compared with those in OIM group. Moreover, the number of mineralized nodules formed by hPDLCs were considerably higher under treatment with different Sal B concentrations (0.5, 1, and 5 μmol·L⁻¹) than that in the OIM group. CONCLUSIONS Appropriate Sal B concentration can improve the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma Yue
- Dept. of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Ren Aishu
- Dept. of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Fu Gang
- Chongqing Municipal
Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401147, China
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Gao P, Yang J, Gao X, Xu D, Niu D, Li J, Wen Q. Salvianolic acid B improves bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into alveolar epithelial cells type I via Wnt signaling. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:1971-6. [PMID: 25892295 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is among the most common causes of mortality in intensive care units. Previous studies have suggested that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) may attenuate pulmonary edema. In addition, alveolar epithelial cells type I (ATI) are involved in reducing the alveolar edema in response to ALI. However, the mechanism involved in improving the efficiency of differentiation of MSCs into ATI remains to be elucidated. In the present study, the effect of salvianolic acid B (Sal B) on the differentiation of BMSCs into ATI and the activities of the Wnt signaling pathways were investigated. The BMSCs were supplemented with conditioned medium (CM). The groups were as follows: i) CM group: BMSCs were supplemented with CM; ii) lithium chloride (LiCl) group: BMSCs were supplemented with CM and 5 mM LiCl; iii) Sal B group: BMSCs were supplemented with CM and 10 mM Sal B. The samples were collected and assessed on days 7 and 14. It was revealed that aquaporin (AQP)-5 and T1α were expressed in BMSCs, and induction with LiCl or Sal B increased the expression of AQP-5 and T1α. Furthermore, the Wnt-1 and Wnt-3a signaling pathways were activated during the differentiation of BMSCs into ATI. In conclusion, it was suggested that the promotive effects of Sal B on the differentiation of BMSCs into ATI occurred through the activation of Wnt signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Jingxian Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, P.R. China
| | - Xi Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Dongge Niu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Jinglin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Qingping Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
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Dai JP, Zhu DX, Sheng JT, Chen XX, Li WZ, Wang GF, Li KS, Su Y. Inhibition of Tanshinone IIA, salvianolic acid A and salvianolic acid B on Areca nut extract-induced oral submucous fibrosis in vitro. Molecules 2015; 20:6794-807. [PMID: 25884554 PMCID: PMC6272768 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20046794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge has been reported to possess excellent antifibrotic activity. In this study, we have investigated the effect and mechanism of tanshinone IIA (Tan-IIA), salvianolic acid A (Sal-A) and salvianolic acid B (Sal-B), the important active compounds of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, on areca nut extract (ANE)-induced oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) in vitro. Through human procollagen gene promoter luciferase reporter plasmid assay, hydroxyproline assay, gelatin zymography assay, qRT-PCR, ELISA and Western blot assay, the influence of these three compounds on ANE-stimulated cell viability, collagen accumulation, procollagen gene transcription, MMP-2/-9 activity, MMP-1/-13 and TIMP-1/-2 expression, cytokine secretion and the activation of PI3K/AKT, ERK/JNK/p38 MAPK and TGF-β/Smads pathways were detected. The results showed that Tan-IIA, Sal-A and Sal-B could significantly inhibit the ANE-stimulated abnormal viability and collagen accumulation of mice oral mucosal fibroblasts (MOMFs), inhibit the transcription of procollagen gene COL1A1 and COL3A1, increase MMP-2/-9 activity, decrease TIMP-1/-2 expression and inhibit the transcription and release of CTGF, TGF-β1, IL-6 and TNF-α; Tan-IIA, Sal-A and Sal-B also inhibited the ANE-induced activation of AKT and ERK MAPK pathways in MOMFs and the activation of TGF-β/Smads pathway in HaCaT cells. In conclusion, Tan-IIA, Sal-A and Sal-B possess excellent antifibrotic activity in vitro and can possibly be used to promote the rehabilitation of OSF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ping Dai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
| | - Dan-Xia Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
| | - Jiang-Tao Sheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
| | - Xiao-Xuan Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
| | - Wei-Zhong Li
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Ge-Fei Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
| | - Kang-Sheng Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
| | - Yun Su
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
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Yu H, Yao L, Zhou H, Qu S, Zeng X, Zhou D, Zhou Y, Li X, Liu Z. Neuroprotection against Aβ25–35-induced apoptosis by Salvia miltiorrhiza extract in SH-SY5Y cells. Neurochem Int 2014; 75:89-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Salvianolic acid B promotes osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells through activating ERK signaling pathway. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 51:1-9. [PMID: 24657587 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2014.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Salvianolic acid B, a major bioactive component of Chinese medicine herb, Salvia miltiorrhiza, is widely used for treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Our recent studies have shown that Salvianolic acid B can prevent development of osteoporosis. However, the underlying mechanisms are still not clarified clearly. In the present study, we aim to investigate the effects of Salvianolic acid B on viability and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). The results showed Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) had no obvious toxic effects on hMSCs, whereas Sal B supplementation (5μM) increased the alkaline phosphatase activity, osteopontin, Runx2 and osterix expression in hMSCs. Under osteogenic induction condition, Sal B (5μM) significantly promoted mineralization; and when the extracellular-signal-regulated kinases signaling (ERK) pathway was blocked, the anabolic effects of Sal B were diminished, indicating that Sal B promoted osteogenesis of hMSCs through activating ERK signaling pathway. The current study confirms that Sal B promotes osteogenesis of hMSCs with no cytotoxicity, and it may be used as a potential therapeutic agent for the management of osteoporosis.
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Zhang N, Kang T, Xia Y, Wen Q, Zhang X, Li H, Hu Y, Hao H, Zhao D, Sun D, Yan Y, Zhang GX, Yang J. Effects of salvianolic acid B on survival, self-renewal and neuronal differentiation of bone marrow derived neural stem cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2012; 697:32-9. [PMID: 23085027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Revised: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study has demonstrated the therapeutic potential of bone marrow derived-neural stem cells (BM-NSCs) in CNS disorders; however, the beneficial effects are modest due to the poor survival and low neural differentiation frequency. Here, we demonstrate that salvianolic acid B (Sal B), a potent aqueous of a well known Chinese medicine herb, Salvia miltiorrhiza, possesses the ability to promote BM-NSCs proliferation in a dose dependent manner as verified by growth curve and Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assays; While in differentiation medium, Sal B promoted nestin(+) BM-NSCs differentiated into greater numbers of NF-M(+) neurons and NG2(+) oligodendrocyte precursors, but fewer GFAP(+) astrocytes as verified by triple immunostaining and quantitative analysis; upon exposure to H(2)O(2), Sal B facilitated the cells survival, reduced LDH leakage, and inhibited apoptosis, displaying a dose-dependent neuroprotective effect on BM-NSCs. Sal B induced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) production by BM-NSCs, which may be beneficial for the cells survival and differentiation in unfavourable environment. The collective evidence indicates that Sal B may be a potential drug to upgrade the therapeutic efficiency of BM-NSCs in CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 77 Sheng Ming Yi Lu, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, China
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Wu WY, Wang YP. Pharmacological actions and therapeutic applications of Salvia miltiorrhiza depside salt and its active components. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2012; 33:1119-30. [PMID: 22941285 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2012.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza, a traditional medical herb known as danshen, has been widely used in China to improve blood circulation, relieve blood stasis, and treat coronary heart disease. S miltiorrhiza depside salt is a novel drug recently developed at the Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica; it contains magnesium lithospermate B (MLB) and its analogs, rosmarinic acid (RA) and lithospermic acid (LA), as active components. The drug has been used in the clinic to improve blood circulation and treat coronary heart disease. The pharmacological effects of the depside salt from S miltiorrhiza and its components have been extensively investigated. Experimental studies have demonstrated that magnesium lithospermate B possesses a variety of biological activities, especially protective effects in the cardiovascular system such as attenuation of atherosclerosis and protection against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Rosmarinic acid and lithospermic acid also show beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. This paper reviews the recent findings regarding the mechanisms underlying the pharmacological actions of the active components of S miltiorrhiza depside salt, based on published works and our own observations.
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Pan GZ, Yang Y, Zhang J, Liu W, Wang GY, Zhang YC, Yang Q, Zhai FX, Tai Y, Liu JR, Zhang Q, Chen GH. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injuries via inactivation of the MEK/ERK signaling pathway in rats. J Surg Res 2012; 178:935-48. [PMID: 22658855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Revised: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary graft dysfunction or nonfunction after liver transplantation, which is usually caused by ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), is a serious clinical problem. Although bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown great potential in cell therapy for IRI in several organs, the mechanism(s) by which MSCs offer protection is unclear. METHODS In the present study, we injected MSCs systemically via the tail vein in the rat model of 70% hepatic IRI and measured the biochemical and pathologic alterations to evaluate the therapeutic effect of MSC transplantation. Concurrently, H(2)O(2) was used in vitro to mimic oxidative injury and to induce apoptosis in the human normal liver cell line LO2 to evaluate the protective effects of mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium (MSC-CM) on LO2 cells. RESULTS The systemic infusion of MSCs led to a significant prevention of liver enzyme release and an improvement in the histology of the acutely injured liver. In vitro assays demonstrated that MSC-CM promoted hepatocyte proliferation and had a direct inhibitory effect on hepatocyte apoptosis induced by H(2)O(2). In addition, we demonstrated that the prevention of MEK/ERK pathway activation played a pivotal role in the protection. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that MSC may represent a potential therapeutic strategy to alleviate hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injuries after liver transplantation via inactivation of the MEK/ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-zheng Pan
- Liver Transplantation Center, 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Salvianolic acid B prevents bone loss in prednisone-treated rats through stimulation of osteogenesis and bone marrow angiogenesis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34647. [PMID: 22493705 PMCID: PMC3321026 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid (GC) induced osteoporosis (GIO) is caused by the long-term use of GC for treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. The GC related disruption of bone marrow microcirculation and increased adipogenesis contribute to GIO development. However, neither currently available anti-osteoporosis agent is completely addressed to microcirculation and bone marrow adipogenesis. Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) is a polyphenolic compound from a Chinese herbal medicine, Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Sal B on osteoblast bone formation, angiogenesis and adipogenesis-associated GIO by performing marrow adipogenesis and microcirculation dilation and bone histomorphometry analyses. (1) In vivo study: Bone loss in GC treated rats was confirmed by significantly decreased BMD, bone strength, cancellous bone mass and architecture, osteoblast distribution, bone formation, marrow microvessel density and diameter along with down-regulation of marrow BMPs expression and increased adipogenesis. Daily treatment with Sal B (40 mg/kg/d) for 12 weeks in GC male rats prevented GC-induced cancellous bone loss and increased adipogenesis while increasing cancellous bone formation rate with improved local microcirculation by capillary dilation. Treatment with Sal B at a higher dose (80 mg/kg/d) not only prevented GC-induced osteopenia, but also increased cancellous bone mass and thickness, associated with increase of marrow BMPs expression, inhibited adipogenesis and further increased microvessel diameters. (2) In vitro study: In concentration from 10−6 mol/L to 10−7 mol/L, Sal B stimulated bone marrow stromal cell (MSC) differentiation to osteoblast and increased osteoblast activities, decreased GC associated adipogenic differentiation by down-regulation of PPARγ mRNA expression, increased Runx2 mRNA expression without osteoblast inducement, and, furthermore, Sal B decreased Dickkopf-1 and increased β-catenin mRNA expression with or without adipocyte inducement in MSC. We conclude that Sal B prevented bone loss in GC-treated rats through stimulation of osteogenesis, bone marrow angiogenesis and inhibition of adipogenesis.
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Salvianolic Acid B, a potential chemopreventive agent, for head and neck squamous cell cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2010; 2011:534548. [PMID: 21209716 PMCID: PMC3010684 DOI: 10.1155/2011/534548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Accepted: 11/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) is one of the top ten cancers in the United States. The survival rate of HNSCC has only marginally improved over the last two decades. In addition, African-American men bear a disproportionate burden of this preventable disease. Therefore, a critical challenge of preventive health approaches is warranted. Salvianolic acid B (Sal-B) isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge, which is a well-know Chinese medicines has been safely used to treat and prevent aging diseases for thousand of years. Recently, the anticancer properties of Sal-B have received more attention. Sal-B significantly inhibits or delays the growth of HNSCC in both cultured HNSCC cells and HNSCC xenograft animal models. The following anticancer mechanisms have been proposed: the inhibition of COX-2/PGE-2 pathway, the promotion of apoptosis, and the modulation of angiogenesis. In conclusion, Sal-B is a potential HNSCC chemopreventive agent working through antioxidation and anti-inflammation mechanisms.
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