1
|
You Y, Guo C, Zhang H, Deng S, Tang J, Xu L, Deng C, Gong F. Effect of Intranasal Instillation of Lipopolysaccharide on Lung Development and Its Related Mechanism in Newborn Mice. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2019; 39:684-693. [PMID: 31268385 PMCID: PMC6820870 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2019.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature infants are prone to repeated lung infections after birth, which can disrupt the development of lung structure and function. However, the effects of postnatal pulmonary inflammation on lung development in newborn mice have not been reported and may play an important role in the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). This study aimed to establish a BPD model of postnatal pulmonary inflammation in premature infants and to explore its role and possible mechanisms in the pathogenesis of BPD. We exposed postnatal day 1 mice to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and normal saline for 14 days. Pulmonary inflammation and alveolar microvascular development were assessed by histology. In addition, we also examined the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGFR2, nuclear factor-kappa-B (NF-κB) and related inflammatory mediators [interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)] in the lungs. Lung histology revealed inflammatory cell infiltration, alveolar simplification, and decreased microvascular density in LPS-exposed lungs. VEGF and VEGFR2 expression was decreased in the lungs of LPS-exposed neonatal mice. Furthermore, we detected elevated levels of the inflammatory mediators IL-1β, TNF-α, MIP-1α, and MCP-1 in the lungs, which are associated with the activation of NF-κB. Intranasal instillation of LPS inhibits lung development in newborn mice, and postnatal pulmonary inflammation may participate in the pathogenesis of BPD. The mechanism is related to the inhibition of VEGF and VEGFR2 and the upregulation of inflammatory mediators through activation of NF-κB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao You
- Department of Pediatrics, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Chunbao Guo
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Center, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Sijun Deng
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Jia Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Lingqi Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Chun Deng
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Fang Gong
- Department of Pediatrics, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Correll KA, Edeen KE, Zemans RL, Redente EF, Mikels-Vigdal A, Mason RJ. TGF beta inhibits expression of SP-A, SP-B, SP-C, but not SP-D in human alveolar type II cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 499:843-848. [PMID: 29621540 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
TGF beta is a multifunctional cytokine that regulates alveolar epithelial cells as well as immune cells and fibroblasts. TGF beta inhibits surfactant protein A, B and C expression in fetal human lung and can inhibit type II cell proliferation induced by FGF7 (KGF). However, little is known about direct effects of TGF beta on adult human type II cells. We cultured alveolar type II cells under air/liquid interface conditions to maintain their state of differentiation with or without TGF beta. TGF beta markedly decreased expression of SP-A, SP-B, SP-C, fatty acid synthase, and the phospholipid transporter ABCA3. However, TGF beta increased protein levels of SP-D with little change in mRNA levels, indicating that it is regulated independently from other components of surfactant. TGF beta is a negative regulator of both the protein and the phospholipid components of surfactant. TGF beta did not induce EMT changes in highly differentiated human type II cells. SP-D is an important host defense molecule and regulated independently from the other surfactant proteins. Taken together these data are the first report of the effect of TGF beta on highly differentiated adult human type II cells. The effects on the surfactant system are likely important in the development of fibrotic lung diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Correll
- National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Karen E Edeen
- National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Rachel L Zemans
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine/Department of Medicine, University of Michigan BSRB /SPC2200, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA
| | | | | | - Robert J Mason
- National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Brandsma J, Postle AD. Analysis of the regulation of surfactant phosphatidylcholine metabolism using stable isotopes. Ann Anat 2017; 211:176-183. [PMID: 28351529 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The pathways and mechanisms that regulate pulmonary surfactant synthesis, processing, secretion and catabolism have been extensively characterised using classical biochemical and analytical approaches. These have constructed a model, largely in experimental animals, for surfactant phospholipid metabolism in the alveolar epithelial cell whereby phospholipid synthesised on the endoplasmic reticulum is selectively transported to lamellar body storage vesicles, where it is subsequently processed before secretion into the alveolus. Surfactant phospholipid is a complex mixture of individual molecular species defined by the combination of esterified fatty acid groups and a comprehensive description of surfactant phospholipid metabolism requires consideration of the interactions between such molecular species. However, until recently, lipid analytical techniques have not kept pace with the considerable advances in understanding of the enzymology and molecular biology of surfactant metabolism. Refinements in electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) can now provide very sensitive platforms for the rapid characterisation of surfactant phospholipid composition in molecular detail. The combination of ESI-MS and administration of phospholipid substrates labelled with stable isotopes extends this analytical approach to the quantification of synthesis and turnover of individual molecular species of surfactant phospholipid. As this methodology does not involve radioactivity, it is ideally suited to application in clinical studies. This review will provide an overview of the metabolic processes that regulate the molecular specificity of surfactant phosphatidylcholine together with examples of how the application of stable isotope technologies in vivo has, for the first time, begun to explore regulation of the molecular specificity of surfactant synthesis in human subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joost Brandsma
- Academic Unit of Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony D Postle
- Academic Unit of Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liang S, Li N, Heizhati M, Yao X, Abdireim A, Wang Y, Abulikemu Z, Zhang D, Chang G, Kong J, Zhou L, Hong J, Ying T, Zhang Y. What do changes in concentrations of serum surfactant proteins A and D in OSA mean? Sleep Breath 2015; 19:955-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s11325-014-1106-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
5
|
Aberrant elastin remodeling in the lungs of O2-exposed newborn mice; primarily results from perturbed interaction between integrins and elastin. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 359:589-603. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-2035-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
6
|
Abstract
The alveolar type II epithelial (ATII) cell is highly specialised for the synthesis and storage, in intracellular lamellar bodies, of phospholipid destined for secretion as pulmonary surfactant into the alveolus. Regulation of the enzymology of surfactant phospholipid synthesis and metabolism has been extensively characterised at both molecular and functional levels, but understanding of surfactant phospholipid metabolism in vivo in either healthy or, especially, diseased lungs is still relatively poorly understood. This review will integrate recent advances in the enzymology of surfactant phospholipid metabolism with metabolic studies in vivo in both experimental animals and human subjects. It will highlight developments in the application of stable isotope-labelled precursor substrates and mass spectrometry to probe lung phospholipid metabolism in terms of individual molecular lipid species and identify areas where a more comprehensive metabolic model would have considerable potential for direct application to disease states.
Collapse
|