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Yin J, Ren P. New advances in the treatment of chondrosarcoma under the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. J Cancer Res Ther 2024; 20:522-530. [PMID: 38687921 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_2269_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Bone sarcomas encompass a group of spontaneous mesenchymal malignancies, among which osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and chordoma are the most common subtypes. Chondrosarcoma, a relatively prevalent malignant bone tumor that originates from chondrocytes, is characterized by endogenous cartilage ossification within the tumor tissue. Despite the use of aggressive treatment approaches involving extensive surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy for patients with osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and chordoma, limited improvements in patient outcomes have been observed. Furthermore, resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy has been observed in chondrosarcoma and chordoma cases. Consequently, novel therapeutic approaches for bone sarcomas, including chondrosarcoma, need to be uncovered. Recently, the emergence of immunotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors has garnered attention given their clinical success in various diverse types of cancer, thereby prompting investigations into their potential for managing chondrosarcoma. Considering that circumvention of immune surveillance is considered a key factor in the malignant progression of tumors and that immune checkpoints play an important role in modulating antitumor immune effects, blockers or inhibitors targeting these immune checkpoints have become effective therapeutic tools for patients with tumors. One such checkpoint receptor implicated in this process is programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1). The association between PD-1 and programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and cancer progression in humans has been extensively studied, highlighting their remarkable potential as biomarkers for cancer treatment. This review comprehensively examines available studies on current chondrosarcoma treatments and advancements in anti-PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy for chondrosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Yin
- Trauma Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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2
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Lv F, Li Z, Jing Y, Sun L, Li Z, Duan H. The effects and underlying mechanism of extracorporeal shockwave therapy on fracture healing. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1188297. [PMID: 37293486 PMCID: PMC10246855 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1188297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical efficacy of ESWT in treating bone non union has been widely recognized, but the biological mechanism of ESWT promoting bone non union healing is still unclear. ESWT can make old callus micro fracture through mechanical conduction, form subperiosteal hematoma, promote the release of bioactive factors, reactivate the fracture healing mechanism, rebalance the activities of osteoblasts and osteoclast, promote the angiogenesis of fracture site, and accelerate the healing of bone nonunion.Over recent years, great efforts have been made by both scientists and clinicians to explore the underlying mechanism behind the healing effect of ESWT on bone fractures. In this review, we introduced the growth factors during osteogenesis induced by ESWT hoping to provide new insights in the clinical use of ESWT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Haoyang Duan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang chun, China
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3
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Liu P, Li Y, Wang W, Bai Y, Jia H, Yuan Z, Yang Z. Role and mechanisms of the NF-ĸB signaling pathway in various developmental processes. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113513. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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4
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TNFAIP3 mediates FGFR1 activation-induced breast cancer angiogenesis by promoting VEGFA expression and secretion. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2022; 24:2453-2465. [PMID: 36002765 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02918-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the role and mechanism of TNF-inducible protein 3(TNFAIP3) in breast cancer angiogenesis induced by fibroblast growth factor receptor1 (FGFR1) activation. METHODS The immunohistochemical assay was used to detect the expression of vascular endothelial cell marker CD31 and CD105 in mice DCIS.COM-iFGFR1 transplanted tumor (previously established by our group). The effects of TNFAIP3 knockout/knockdown breast cancer cell lines on angiogenesis, migration, and invasion of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) were detected by the tubulogenesis and Trewells assay. RNA-seq analysis of TNFAIP3 downstreams differential genes after TNFAIP3 knockdown. The expression and secretion of VEGFA after FGFR1 activation in breast cancer cells were detected by qPCR, Western blot, and ELISA. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry showed that TNFAIP3 knockout inhibited the expression of CD31 and CD105 in DCIS grafted tumors promoted by FGFR1 activation. Tubulogenesis and Trewells experiments showed that TNFAIP3 gene knockout/knockdown inhibited the angiogenesis, migration, and invasion of HUVEC cells promoted by FGFR1 activation. qPCR assay showed that VEGFA mRNA level in the TNFAIP3 knockdown cell line was significantly down-regulated (p < 0.05). qPCR, Western blot and ELISA results showed that TNFAIP3 gene knockout/knockdown could inhibit the expression and secretion of VEGFA in breast cancer cells induced by FGFR1 activation. CONCLUSION TNFAIP3 promotes breast cancer angiogenesis induced by FGFR1 activation through the expression and secretion of VEGFA.
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Chen D, Wang Y, Liu M, Cheng J, Liu Z, Song Y, Du J. Visfatin promotes angiogenesis of RF/6A cells through upregulation of VEGF/VEGFR-2 under high-glucose conditions. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:389. [PMID: 33680111 PMCID: PMC7918108 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Visfatin is a type of adipocytokine that is highly expressed in the serum and vitreous of patients with diabetic retinopathy. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of visfatin on angiogenesis in RF/6A monkey chorioretinal retinal endothelial cells under high glucose (HG) conditions in vitro. RF/6A cells were randomly divided into four groups: Control group, under high glucose (HG) group (25 mM D-glucose), visfatin group 1 (10 nM visfatin + 25 mM D-glucose), visfatin group 2 (20 nM visfatin + 25 mM D-glucose) and visfatin group 3 (30 nM visfatin + 25 mM D-glucose). After 24 and 48 h, a Cell Counting Kit-8, wound-healing assay and Matrigel tube formation assay were used to detect cell proliferation, migration and cell tube formation, respectively. Subsequently, the expression levels of VEGF and VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) in cells of visfatin group 3 were observed by western blot and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analyses. At 24 and 48 h, the cell proliferation and migration distance in the HG group were reduced compared with those in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with those in the HG group, the cell proliferation and migration distance in all visfatin groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), with the highest significance in visfatin group 3. Visfatin significantly promoted tube-like structure formation by RF/6A cells, particularly at the concentration of 30 nM. The protein and mRNA expression levels of VEGF and VEGFR-2 were significantly increased in the HG group as compared with those in the control group (P<0.05). Furthermore, compared with those in the HG group, VEGF and VEGFR-2 protein and mRNA expression levels were significantly increased in visfatin group 3 (P<0.05). Overall, visfatin promoted the proliferation, migration and tube formation of RF/6A cells under HG conditions, suggesting that visfatin has a potent effect on retinal neovascularization and its mechanism may be associated with the promotion of VEGF and VEGFR-2 expression under HG conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjun Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing 100095, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Center for Translational Medicine, Xi'an Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, P.R. China
| | - Mengyi Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Nantaihu Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing 100095, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Department of Center for Translational Medicine, Xi'an Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, P.R. China
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing 100095, P.R. China
| | - Junhui Du
- Department of Center for Translational Medicine, Xi'an Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, P.R. China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xi'an Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, P.R. China
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6
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SUMOylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 inhibits the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis signaling pathway in non-small cell lung cancer. Anticancer Drugs 2021; 31:492-499. [PMID: 31922962 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) is highly expressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and is the main target of antiangiogenesis therapy against this disease. However, there is limited evidence regarding its regulatory mechanism. Thus, elucidating the underlying mechanism of regulation of VEGFR2 is of great value to antiangiogenesis therapy. The colocalization of VEGFR2 and small ubiquitin-like modifier 1 (SUMO1) was detected through confocal microscopy. We examined the level of VEGFR2 SUMOylation in cells and rat tissues, and its effects on the angiogenesis signaling pathway (immunoprecipitation and western blotting), as well as the proliferation (Cell Counting Kit-8 assay) and migratory ability (cell scratch and Transwell assays) of NSCLC cells. Apoptosis was evaluated through Hoechst staining. VEGFR2 and SUMO1 are colocalized in the cytoplasm. VEGFR2 can be SUMOylated through combination with SUMO1 in cells and rat tissues, and the level of VEGFR2 SUMOylation in NSCLC is higher than that observed in healthy cells and tissues. Cell proliferation, migration, and the protein levels of phosphorylated-VEGFR2/phosphorylated-Akt/phosphorylated-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (p-VEGFR2/p-Akt/p-ERK1/2) were significantly increased in NSCLC cells transfected with VEGFR2 K1270R versus those reported in cells transfected with VEGFR2 (wild-type). The levels of p-VEGFR2/p-Akt/p-ERK1/2 protein were significantly decreased in cells transfected with sentrin-specific protease 1-targeting small interfering RNA (siSENP1) versus those recorded in nontransfected controls. VEGFR2 SUMOylation may play an important role in antiangiogenesis therapy of NSCLC. The level of VEGFR2 SUMOylation may be a prognostic marker in patients with NSCLC.
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7
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Zeng X, Cao Z, Luo W, Zheng L, Zhang T. MicroRNA-381-A Key Transcriptional Regulator: Its Biological Function and Clinical Application Prospects in Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:535665. [PMID: 33324542 PMCID: PMC7726430 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.535665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that function by regulating messenger RNAs. Recent studies have shown that miRNAs play important roles in multiple processes of cancer development. MiR-381 is one of the most important miRNAs in cancer progression. MiR-381 is downregulated in some cancers and upregulated in other cancers, including glioma, epithelial sarcoma, and osteosarcoma. MiR-381 regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), chemotherapeutic resistance, radioresistance, and immune responses. Thus, miR-381 participates in tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. Moreover, miR-381 functions in various oncogenic pathways, including the Wnt/β-catenin, AKT, and p53 pathways. Clinical studies have shown that miR-381 could be considered a biomarker or a novel prognostic factor. Here, we summarize the present studies on the role of miR-381 in cancer development, including its biogenesis and various affected signaling pathways, and its clinical application prospects. MiR-381 expression is associated with tumor stage and survival time, making miR-381 a novel prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhao Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lianfang Zheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Taiping Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Clinical Immunology Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Zhao X, Guo J, Zhang F, Zhang J, Liu D, Hu W, Yin H, Jin L. Therapeutic application of adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction in diabetic foot. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:394. [PMID: 32928305 PMCID: PMC7488783 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01825-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot is one of the severest complications of diabetes. In severe cases, this disease may be lead to amputation or even death due to secondary infection and ischemic necrosis. Since the ineffectiveness of traditional therapy, autologous stem cell transplantation has been used to treat diabetic foot. This simple, safe, and effective therapy is expected to be applied and promoted in the future.In this review, we described the detailed pathogenesis of diabetic foot and the common clinical treatments currently used. We also revealed vascular remodeling as the potential mechanism of therapeutic functions of adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) in treating diabetic foot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiansheng Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiamin Guo
- Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope National Medical Center, California, 91010, USA
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jue Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Delin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wenjun Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Han Yin
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Liang Jin
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu Province, China.
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9
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Yu G, Liu P, Shi Y, Li S, Liu Y, Fan Z, Zhu W. Stimulation of endothelial progenitor cells by microRNA-31a-5p to induce endothelialization in an aneurysm neck after coil embolization by modulating the Axin1-mediated β-catenin/vascular endothelial growth factor pathway. J Neurosurg 2020; 133:918-926. [PMID: 31398705 DOI: 10.3171/2019.5.jns182901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Emerging evidence shows that frequent recurrence of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) after endovascular coiling is attributable to the lack of endothelialization across the aneurysm neck. Recently, much attention has been given to the role of microRNAs (miRs) in vascular disease, although their contributory role to IA is poorly understood. METHODS Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to microsurgery to create a coiled embolization aneurysm model, and were injected with miR-31a-5p agomir or a negative control agomir via the tail vein at a dose of 10 mg/kg per week for 4 weeks after IA induction. H & E staining, scanning electron microscopy, and flow cytometry were performed to evaluate the effects of miR-31a-5p agomir on endothelialization and the number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). The effects of miR-31a-5p on the viability and functioning of EPCs were also determined using Cell Counting Kit-8, wound-healing assay, and tube formation assays. RESULTS The authors tested the ability of miR-31a-5p to promote EPC-induced endothelialization in a model of coiled embolization aneurysm. miR-31a-5p agomir improved endothelialization and elevated the number of circulating EPCs in the peripheral blood compared to a negative control agomir-treated group. In addition, the number of vWF- and KDR-positive cells in the aneurysm neck was increased in the miR-31a-5p agomir-treated group. Furthermore, upregulation of miR-31a-5p promoted EPC proliferation, migration, and tube formation and enhanced the expression of the proangiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor in vitro. Mechanistically, miR-31a-5p directly targeted the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of Axin1 messenger RNA and repressed its expression. Besides, miR-31a-5p exerted its effect on EPCs by regulating the Axin1-mediated Wnt/β-catenin pathway. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these results indicate that miR-31a-5p is an important regulator of EPC mobilization and endothelialization and may have a positive effect on aneurysm repair.
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10
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Hsieh MJ, Huang C, Lin CC, Tang CH, Lin CY, Lee IN, Huang HC, Chen JC. Basic fibroblast growth factor promotes doxorubicin resistance in chondrosarcoma cells by affecting XRCC5 expression. Mol Carcinog 2020; 59:293-303. [PMID: 31916307 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma is the second most common form of bone cancer and is characterized by its ability to produce an extracellular matrix of the cartilage. High-grade chondrosarcoma is highly aggressive and can metastasize to other parts of the body. Chondrosarcoma is resistant to both conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy; hence, the current main treatment is still surgical resection. Doxorubicin (Dox) has been shown to significantly improve patient survival compared with untreated chondrosarcoma. However, for patients with metastasis, surgical resection alone can hardly treat them. In addition, drug resistance is one of the leading causes of death in patients with chondrosarcoma. Secreted proteins can mediate cell-cell interactions in the cancer microenvironment, which may be associated with the development of drug resistance. In the present study, chondrosarcoma cells were treated with Dox, the conditioned medium was then collected and changes in secreted proteins were analyzed using the antibody array. Results showed that the Dox-treated group had the highest secretion of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), indicating the effect of bFGF on Dox sensitivity in chondrosarcoma. Furthermore, lentiviral-mediated knockdown and treatment of exogenous recombinant protein were employed to further investigate the effect of bFGF on Dox resistance. Results demonstrated that bFGF can promote the expression of X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 5 (XRCC5), leading to Dox resistance. Secreted bFGF is likely to be detected in serum, in addition to being a biomarker for predicting Dox resistance, the combination of Dox and bFGF/XRCC5 blockers may be a new therapeutic strategy to improve the efficacy of Dox in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Holistic Wellness, Mingdao University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Earth and Life Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chieh Lin
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Lin
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - I-Neng Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chen Huang
- Department of Applied Science, National Tsing Hua University, South Campus, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Chieh Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
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MacDonald IJ, Lin CY, Kuo SJ, Su CM, Tang CH. An update on current and future treatment options for chondrosarcoma. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2019; 19:773-786. [PMID: 31462102 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2019.1659731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Human chondrosarcomas (CS; a malignant cartilage-forming bone tumor) respond poorly to chemotherapy and radiation treatment, resulting in high morbidity and mortality rates. Expanded treatment options are urgently needed. Areas covered: This article updates our 2014 review, in which we evaluated the CS treatments available at that time and potential treatment options under investigation. Since then, advances in research findings, particularly from Chinese herbal medicines, may be bringing us closer to more effective therapies for CS. In particular, promising findings have been reported from research targeting platelet-derived growth factor receptor. Expert opinion: Few treatment options exist for CS; chemotherapy is not even an option for unresectable disease, in which 5-year survival rates are just 2%. New information about the multitude of genes and signaling pathways that encourage CS growth, invasion and metastasis are clarifying how certain signaling pathways and plant-derived active compounds, especially molecularly-targeted therapies that inhibit the PDGF receptor, interfering with these biological processes. This review summarizes discoveries from the last 5 years and discusses how these findings are fueling ongoing work into effectively dealing with the disease process and improving the treatment of CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iona J MacDonald
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Lin
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College , New Taipei City , Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jui Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ming Su
- Department of Sports Medicine, College of Health Care, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University , Taichung , Taiwan
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Abstract
Recent breakthroughs in our understanding of the molecular pathophysiology of retinal vascular disease have allowed us to specifically target pathological angiogenesis while minimizing damage to the neurosensory retina. This is perhaps best exemplified by the development of therapies targeting the potent angiogenic growth factor and vascular permeability mediator, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Anti-VEGF therapies, initially introduced for the treatment of choroidal neovascularization in patients with age-related macular degeneration, have also had a dramatic impact on the management of retinal vascular disease and are currently an indispensable component for the treatment of macular edema in patients with diabetic eye disease and retinal vein occlusions. Emerging evidence supports expanding the use of therapies targeting VEGF for the treatment of retinal neovascularization in patients with diabetic retinopathy and retinopathy of prematurity. However, VEGF is among a growing list of angiogenic and vascular hyperpermeability factors that promote retinal vascular disease. Many of these mediators are expressed in response to stabilization of a single family of transcription factors, the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), that regulate the expression of these angiogenic stimulators. Here we review the basic principles driving pathological angiogenesis and discuss the current state of retinal anti-angiogenic pharmacotherapy as well as future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannis M Paulus
- Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, 1000 Wall Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Akrit Sodhi
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 N. Broadway St., Smith Building, 4039, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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Han H, Wang L, Liu Y, Shi X, Zhang X, Li M, Wang T. Combination of curcuma zedoary and kelp inhibits growth and metastasis of liver cancer in vivo and in vitro via reducing endogenous H 2S levels. Food Funct 2019; 10:224-234. [PMID: 30534696 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01594e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The combination of traditional Chinese medicines can improve the efficacy of cancer treatment. Furthermore, the combination of the traditional Chinese medicine curcuma zedoary and kelp was used to enhance the effect of the dissipation of blood stasis in pediatrics during the Song Dynasty. Curcumenol and laminarin, the main components of curcuma zedoary and kelp, are also reported to have a wide range of biological activities. Therefore, we hypothesize that the combination of curcuma zedoary and kelp may prevent the development of cancer. The aim of this research was to confirm whether a combination of curcuma zedoary and kelp could inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of hepatoma cells and consequently improve prognosis. In this study, we firstly found in H22-bearing mice that the combination of curcuma zedoary and kelp inhibited tumor growth and the expression of metastasis-related proteins (MMPs, VEGF, pAkt, pERK1/2). Meanwhile, the decreased cystathionine beta synthase (CBS, an endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) synthetase) level was also observed in H22-bearing mice admistrated with the combination of curcuma zedoary and kelp. It was also observed that the combination of curcumenol and laminarin inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Furthermore, we investigated the potential inhibiting mechanism of the combination of curcumenol and laminarin on HepG2 cell proliferation and metastasis. Our previous research showed that a CBS/H2S system was vital for maintaining the proliferation in hepatoma cells. Here, we found that the levels of pSTAT3 and BCL-2 were decreased in CBS knockdown HepG2 cells and the combination of curcumenol and laminarin significantly decreased the H2S level in a dose-dependent manner and down-regulated the levels of pSTAT3 and BCL-2 in HepG2 cells. Angiogenesis, positively regulated by the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), is essential for human cancer metastasis. In the present study, we found that the combination of curcumenol and laminarin could significantly down-regulate the expression levels of VEGF and its downstream key genes pAkt and pERK1/2. Furthermore, previous research showed that hydrogen sulfide could stimulate angiogenesis. Here, we also observed the reduction of the VEGF, Akt, pAkt, ERK1/2 and pERK1/2 proteins levels and the inhibition of proliferation and metastasis in CBS knockdown HepG2 cells. Moreover, exogenous H2S rescued the cytological results caused by the combination of curcumenol and laminarin. Taken together, the combination of curcuma zedoary and kelp could inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of liver cancer cells in vivo and in vitro by inhibiting endogenous H2S production and down-regulating the pSTAT3/BCL-2 and VEGF pathway, which provides strong evidence for the application of curcuma zedoary and kelp in treatments of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanxiao Han
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Food & Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 Henan, China.
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Lin CY, Tzeng HE, Li TM, Chen HT, Lee Y, Yang YC, Wang SW, Yang WH, Tang CH. WISP-3 inhibition of miR-452 promotes VEGF-A expression in chondrosarcoma cells and induces endothelial progenitor cells angiogenesis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:39571-39581. [PMID: 28465477 PMCID: PMC5503633 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma is the second most prevalent general primary tumor of bone following osteosarcoma. Chondrosarcoma development may be linked to angiogenesis, which is principally elicited by vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A). VEGF-A level has been recognized as a prognostic marker in angiogenesis. WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein-3 (WISP)-3/CCN6 belongs to the CCN family and is involved in regulating several cellular functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. Nevertheless, the effect of WISP-3 on VEGF-A production and angiogenesis in human chondrosarcoma remains largely unknown. This current study shows that WISP-3 promoted VEGF-A production and induced angiogenesis of human endothelial progenitor cells. Moreover, WISP-3-enhanced VEGF-A expression and angiogenesis involved the c-Src and p38 signaling pathways, while miR-452 expression was negatively affected by WISP-3 via the c-Src and p38 pathways. Our results illustrate the clinical significance of WISP-3, VEGF-A and miR-452 in human chondrosarcoma patients. WISP-3 may illustrate a novel therapeutic target in the metastasis and angiogenesis of chondrosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yang Lin
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huey-En Tzeng
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Te-Mao Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Te Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi Lee
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Yang
- Department of Nursing, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hung Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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15
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Tzeng HE, Chang AC, Tsai CH, Wang SW, Tang CH. Basic fibroblast growth factor promotes VEGF-C-dependent lymphangiogenesis via inhibition of miR-381 in human chondrosarcoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:38566-38578. [PMID: 27229532 PMCID: PMC5122411 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A chondrosarcoma is a common, primary malignant bone tumor that can grow to destroy the bone, produce fractures and develop soft tissue masses. Left untreated, chondrosarcomas metastasize through the vascular system to the lungs and ultimately lead to large metastatic deposits of the malignant cartilage taking over lung volume and function. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C has been implicated in tumor-induced lymphangiogenesis and elevated expression of VEGF-C has been found to correlate with cancer metastasis. bFGF (basic fibroblast growth factor), a secreted cytokine, regulates biological activity, including angiogenesis and metastasis. We have previously reported on the important role of bFGF in angiogenesis in chondrosarcomas. However, the effect of bFGF in VEGF-C regulation and lymphangiogenesis in chondrosarcomas is poorly understood. In this investigation, we demonstrate a correlation exists between bFGF and VEGF-C in tissue specimens from patients with chondrosarcomas. To examine the lymphangiogenic effect of bFGF, we used human lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) to mimic lymphatic vessel formation. We found that bFGF-treated chondrosarcomas promoted LEC tube formation and cell migration. In addition, bFGF knockdown inhibited lymphangiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. We also found that bFGF-induced VEGF-C is mediated by the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and c-Src signaling pathway. Furthermore, bFGF inhibited microRNA-381 expression via the PDGFR and c-Src cascade. Our study is the first to describe the mechanism of bFGF-promoted lymphangiogenesis by upregulating VEGF-C expression in chondrosarcomas. Thus, bFGF could serve as a therapeutic target in chondrosarcoma metastasis and lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-En Tzeng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - An-Chen Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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16
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Lin SL, Wu SM, Chung IH, Lin YH, Chen CY, Chi HC, Lin TK, Yeh CT, Lin KH. Stimulation of Interferon-Stimulated Gene 20 by Thyroid Hormone Enhances Angiogenesis in Liver Cancer. Neoplasia 2017; 20:57-68. [PMID: 29195126 PMCID: PMC5721268 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormone, 3,3′,5-triiodo-l-thyronine (T3), mediates several physiological processes, including embryonic development, cellular differentiation and cell proliferation, via binding to its nuclear thyroid receptors (TR). Previous microarray and Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-on-ChIP analyses have revealed that interferon-stimulated gene 20 kDa (ISG20), an exoribonuclease involved in the antiviral function of interferon, is up-regulated by T3 in HepG2-TR cells. However, the underlying mechanisms of ISG20 action in tumor progression remain unknown to date. Here, we verified induction of ISG20 mRNA and protein expression by T3 in HepG2-TR cells. Based on the ChIP-on-ChIP database, potential thyroid hormone responsive element of the ISG20 promoter region was predicted, and the result confirmed with the ChIP assay. Functional assays showed that forced expression of ISG20 leads to significant promotion of metastasis and angiogenesis, both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the angiogenic-related protein, interleukin-8 (IL-8), was up-regulated through a T3-mediated increase in ISG20, as determined using a human angiogenesis array kit. Induction of IL-8 signaling activated the p-JAK2/p-STAT3 pathway, in turn, leading to promotion of tumor metastasis and angiogenesis. Furthermore, ISG20 overexpression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) specimens was positively correlated with clinical parameters, including vascular invasion, α-fetoprotein and tumor size. Higher ISG20 expression was significantly correlated with poorer recurrence-free survival in HCC patients. Our results collectively indicate higher TR-dependent expression of ISG20 in a subset of HCC, supporting an oncogenic role in HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syuan-Ling Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Ming Wu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsiao Chung
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Hsiang Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ying Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Cheng Chi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Radiation Biology Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University/Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Kang Lin
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University/Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kwang-Huei Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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17
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Yang Y, Hu H, Wang W, Duan X, Luo S, Wang X, Sun Y. The identification of functional proteins from amputated lumbricus Eisenia fetida on the wound healing process. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:1469-1478. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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18
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Genetic aberrations and molecular biology of skull base chordoma and chondrosarcoma. Brain Tumor Pathol 2017; 34:78-90. [PMID: 28432450 DOI: 10.1007/s10014-017-0283-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chordomas and chondrosarcomas are two major malignant bone neoplasms located at the skull base. These tumors are rarely metastatic, but can be locally invasive and resistant to conventional chemotherapies and radiotherapies. Accordingly, therapeutic approaches for the treatment of these tumors can be difficult. Additionally, their location at the skull base makes them problematic. Although accurate diagnosis of these tumors is important because of their distinct prognoses, distinguishing between these tumor types is difficult due to overlapping radiological and histopathological findings. However, recent accumulation of molecular and genetic studies, including extracranial location analysis, has provided us clues for accurate diagnosis. In this report, we review the genetic aberrations and molecular biology of these two tumor types. Among the abundant genetic features of these tumors, brachyury immunohistochemistry and direct sequencing of IDH1/2 are simple and useful techniques that can be used to distinguish between these tumors. Although it is still unclear why these tumors, which have such distinct genetic backgrounds, show similar histopathological findings, comparison of their genetic backgrounds could provide essential information.
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19
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Adiponectin promotes VEGF-A-dependent angiogenesis in human chondrosarcoma through PI3K, Akt, mTOR, and HIF-α pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 6:36746-61. [PMID: 26468982 PMCID: PMC4742208 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma is a type of highly malignant tumor with a potent capacity to invade locally and cause distant metastasis. Adiponectin is a protein hormone secreted predominantly by differentiated adipocytes. On the other hand, angiogenesis is a critical step in tumor growth and metastasis. However, the relationship of adiponectin with vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) expression and angiogenesis in human chondrosarcoma is mostly unknown. In this study we first demonstrated that the expression of adiponectin was correlated with tumor stage of human chondrosarcoma tissues. In addition, we also found that adiponectin increased VEGF-A expression in human chondrosarcoma cells and subsequently induced migration and tube formation in human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Adiponectin promoted VEGF-A expression through adiponectin receptor (AdipoR), phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K), Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF)-1α signaling cascades. Knockdown of adiponectin decreased VEGF-A expression and also abolished chondrosarcoma conditional medium-mediated tube formation in EPCs in vitro as well as angiogenesis effects in the chick chorioallantoic membrane and Matrigel plug nude mice model in vivo. Therefore, adiponectin is crucial for tumor angiogenesis and growth, which may represent a novel target for anti-angiogenic therapy in human chondrosarcoma.
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20
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Polychronidou G, Karavasilis V, Pollack SM, Huang PH, Lee A, Jones RL. Novel therapeutic approaches in chondrosarcoma. Future Oncol 2017; 13:637-648. [PMID: 28133974 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2016-0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma is a malignant tumor of bones, characterized by the production of cartilage matrix. Due to lack of effective treatment for advanced disease, the clinical management of chondrosarcomas is exceptionally challenging. Current research focuses on elucidating the molecular events underlying the pathogenesis of this rare bone malignancy, with the goal of developing new molecularly targeted therapies. Signaling pathways suggested to have a role in chondrosarcoma include Hedgehog, Src, PI3k-Akt-mTOR and angiogenesis. Mutations in IDH1/2, present in more than 50% of primary conventional chondrosarcomas, make the development of IDH inhibitors a promising treatment option. The present review discusses the preclinical and early clinical data on novel targeted therapeutic approaches in chondrosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Seth M Pollack
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul H Huang
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Alex Lee
- Sarcoma Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - Robin L Jones
- Sarcoma Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK.,Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
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21
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Chen CY, Su CM, Hsu CJ, Huang CC, Wang SW, Liu SC, Chen WC, Fuh LJ, Tang CH. CCN1 Promotes VEGF Production in Osteoblasts and Induces Endothelial Progenitor Cell Angiogenesis by Inhibiting miR-126 Expression in Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Bone Miner Res 2017; 32:34-45. [PMID: 27465842 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the formation of new capillaries from preexisting vasculature. The perpetuation of angiogenesis plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of various disease states including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Cysteine-rich 61 (Cyr61 or CCN1) is an important proinflammatory cytokine in RA. Here, we investigated the role of CCN1 in angiogenesis associated with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production and osteoblasts. We found higher expression of CCN1 and VEGF in synovial fluid from RA patients compared with healthy controls. CCN1 induced VEGF expression in osteoblasts and increased endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) angiogenesis by inhibiting miR-126 via the protein kinase C-alpha (PKC-α) signaling pathway. CCN1 knockdown inhibited angiogenesis in both in vitro and in vivo models. Inhibition of CCN1 expression with lentiviral vectors expressing short hairpin RNA (shRNA) ameliorated articular swelling, cartilage erosion, and angiogenesis in the ankle joint of mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Our study is the first to describe how CCN1 promotes VEGF expression in osteoblasts and increased EPCs angiogenesis in RA disease. CCN1 may serve as a potential target for RA treatment. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ming Su
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Laboratory, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, China
| | - Chin-Jung Hsu
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chung Huang
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chia Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Cheng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Jyh Fuh
- Department of Prosthodontics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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22
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Pu F, Chen F, Shao Z. MicroRNAs as biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of chondrosarcoma. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:10.1007/s13277-016-5468-1. [PMID: 27730542 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5468-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are a group of small non-coding RNAs that play a complex role in post-transcriptional gene expression and can be used for diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted treatment. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment of chondrosarcoma, its underpinning molecular mechanisms still remain elusive. Given the recent increasing knowledge base of micro RNA (miRNA) roles in neoplasia, both as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, this review will focus on discussing the available data on expression profiles and potential roles of miRNA in chondrosarcoma. Accumulating evidence suggests that microRNAs have the potential to be used in the future for clinical management of chondrosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Pu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengxia Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, General Hospital of The Yangtze River Shipping, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengwu Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Chen GJ, Chen YH, Yang XQ, Li ZJ. Nano-microcapsule basic fibroblast growth factor combined with hypoxia-inducible factor-1 improves random skin flap survival in rats. Mol Med Rep 2015; 13:1661-6. [PMID: 26707180 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of nano-microcapsule-basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) combined with hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) on the random skin flap survival of rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used to establish the McFarlane flap model and subsequently, all model rats were randomly divided into four groups: Control, bFGF, HIF-1 and bFGF combined with HIF-1. The model rats were treated with 2.5 µg/day bFGF and 1.0 µg/day HIF-1 for 5 days by intraperitoneal injection. On day 5 following treatment, the boundaries between necrotic and surviving regions were significantly inhibited by bFGF combined with HIF-1. bFGF combined with HIF-1 inhibited oxidative stresses and inflammatory factors in random skin flap survival of rats. bFGF combined with HIF-1 also activated the protein expression levels of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the random skin flap survival of rats. In conclusion, nano-microcapsule bFGF combined with HIF-1 prevented random skin flap survival in rats through antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and activation of the protein expression levels of COX-2 and VEGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Jun Chen
- Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Heng Chen
- Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
| | - Xia-Qing Yang
- Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Jie Li
- Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
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24
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Endothelial progenitor cells support tumour growth and metastatisation: implications for the resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:6603-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3823-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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