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Cao C, Li L, Zhang Q, Li H, Wang Z, Wang A, Liu J. Nkx2.5: a crucial regulator of cardiac development, regeneration and diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1270951. [PMID: 38124890 PMCID: PMC10732152 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1270951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes fail to regenerate after birth and respond to mitotic signals through cellular hypertrophy rather than cellular proliferation. Necrotic cardiomyocytes in the infarcted ventricular tissue are eventually replaced by fibroblasts, generating scar tissue. Cardiomyocyte loss causes localized systolic dysfunction. Therefore, achieving the regeneration of cardiomyocytes is of great significance for cardiac function and development. Heart development is a complex biological process. An integral cardiac developmental network plays a decisive role in the regeneration of cardiomyocytes. During this process, genetic epigenetic factors, transcription factors, signaling pathways and small RNAs are involved in regulating the developmental process of the heart. Cardiomyocyte-specific genes largely promote myocardial regeneration, among which the Nkx2.5 transcription factor is one of the earliest markers of cardiac progenitor cells, and the loss or overexpression of Nkx2.5 affects cardiac development and is a promising candidate factor. Nkx2.5 affects the development and function of the heart through its multiple functional domains. However, until now, the specific mechanism of Nkx2.5 in cardiac development and regeneration is not been fully understood. Therefore, this article will review the molecular structure, function and interaction regulation of Nkx2.5 to provide a new direction for cardiac development and the treatment of heart regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Cao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Pharmacology, National Clinical Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Pharmacology, National Clinical Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoran Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Pharmacology, National Clinical Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyan Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Pharmacology, National Clinical Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Aoao Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Pharmacology, National Clinical Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxun Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Pharmacology, National Clinical Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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Zheng SQ, Chen HX, Liu XC, Yang Q, He GW. Identification of variants of ISL1 gene promoter and cellular functions in isolated ventricular septal defects. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C443-C452. [PMID: 34260301 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00167.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) are the most common congenital heart defects (CHDs). Studies have documented that ISL1 has a crucial impact on cardiac growth, but the role of variants in the ISL1 gene promoter in patients with VSD has not been explored. In 400 subjects (200 patients with isolated and sporadic VSDs: 200 healthy controls), we investigated the ISL1 gene promoter variant and performed cellular functional experiments by using the dual-luciferase reporter assay to verify the impact on gene expression. In the ISL1 promoter, five variants were found only in patients with VSD by sequencing. Cellular functional experiments demonstrated that three variants decreased the transcriptional activity of the ISL1 promoter (P < 0.05). Further analysis with the online JASPAR database demonstrated that a cluster of putative binding sites for transcription factors may be altered by these variants, possibly resulting in change of ISL1 protein expression and VSD formation. Our study has, for the first time, identified novel variants in the ISL1 gene promoter region in the Han Chinese patients with isolated and sporadic VSD. In addition, the cellular functional experiments, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and bioinformatic analysis have demonstrated that these variants significantly alter the expression of the ISL1 gene and affect the binding of transcription factors, likely resulting in VSD. Therefore, this study may provide new insights into the role of the gene promoter region for a better understanding of genetic basis of the formation of CHDs and may promote further investigations on mechanism of the formation of CHDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Qiang Zheng
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan-Xin Chen
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Cheng Liu
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Yang
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Wei He
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin University & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Drug Research and Development Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
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Gao X, Zhang C, Zheng P, Dan Q, Luo H, Ma X, Lu C. Arsenic suppresses GDF1 expression via ROS-dependent downregulation of specificity protein 1. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 271:116302. [PMID: 33360347 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic arsenic, an environmental contaminant, has adverse health outcomes. Our previous studies showed that arsenic causes abnormal cardiac development in zebrafish embryos by downregulating Dvr1/GDF1 expression and that folic acid protects against these effects. However, the mechanism by which arsenic represses Dvr1/GDF1 expression remains unknown. Herein, we demonstrate that specificity protein 1 (Sp1) acts as a transcriptional activator of GDF1. Arsenic treatment downregulated Sp1 at both the mRNA and protein level and its downstream targets GDF1 and SIRT1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis showed that the occupancy of Sp1 on the GDF1 or SIRT1 promoter was significantly reduced in response to arsenite. Further investigation showed that Sp1 overexpression inhibited the arsenic-mediated decrease in GDF1 and SIRT1, while Sp1 knockdown had the opposite effect. We found that expression of the oxidative adaptor p66shc was inversely related to that of SIRT1 and that the binding of SIRT1 to the p66shc promoter was sharply attenuated by arsenite treatment. SIRT1 overexpression attenuated p66shc expression but enhanced GDF1 protein expression, while SIRT1 depletion exerted the opposite effect. Both the antioxidants N-acetylcysteine and folic acid reversed the arsenic-mediated repression of Sp1, GDF1 and SIRT1. Moreover, wild-type p66shc overexpression enhanced the arsenic-mediated repression of Sp1, GDF1 and SIRT1, which was accompanied by an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, while both overexpression of a dominant negative p66shcSer36Ala mutant and deficiency in p66shc reversed these effects. Taken together, our results revealed that arsenic suppresses GDF1 expression via the ROS-dependent downregulation of the Sp1/SIRT1 axis, which forms a negative feedback loop with p66shc to regulate oxidative stress. Our findings reveal a novel molecular mechanism underlying arsenic toxicity and provide new insight into the protective effect of folic acid in arsenic-mediated toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Gao
- Department of Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Panpan Zheng
- Department of Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghua Dan
- Department of Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Luo
- Department of Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Ma
- Department of Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Cailing Lu
- Department of Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Jiang WF, Xu YJ, Zhao CM, Wang XH, Qiu XB, Liu X, Wu SH, Yang YQ. A novel TBX5 mutation predisposes to familial cardiac septal defects and atrial fibrillation as well as bicuspid aortic valve. Genet Mol Biol 2020; 43:e20200142. [PMID: 33306779 PMCID: PMC7783509 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
TBX5 has been linked to Holt-Oram syndrome, with congenital heart defect (CHD) and atrial fibrillation (AF) being two major cardiac phenotypes. However, the prevalence of a TBX5 variation in patients with CHD and AF remains obscure. In this research, by sequencing analysis of TBX5 in 178 index patients with both CHD and AF, a novel heterozygous variation, NM_000192.3: c.577G>T; p.(Gly193*), was identified in one index patient with CHD and AF as well as bicuspid aortic valve (BAV), with an allele frequency of approximately 0.28%. Genetic analysis of the proband's pedigree showed that the variation co-segregated with the diseases. The pathogenic variation was not detected in 292 unrelated healthy subjects. Functional analysis by using a dual-luciferase reporter assay system showed that the Gly193*-mutant TBX5 protein failed to transcriptionally activate its target genes MYH6 and NPPA. Moreover, the mutation nullified the synergistic transactivation between TBX5 and GATA4 as well as NKX2-5. Additionally, whole-exome sequencing analysis showed no other genes contributing to the diseases. This investigation firstly links a pathogenic variant in the TBX5 gene to familial CHD and AF as well as BAV, suggesting that CHD and AF as well as BAV share a common developmental basis in a subset of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Feng Jiang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Jia Xu
- Fudan University, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Cui-Mei Zhao
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Hua Wang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing-Biao Qiu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shao-Hui Wu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Qing Yang
- Fudan University, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Fudan University, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Fudan University, Central Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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5
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Haplotypes of the Mutated SIRT2 Promoter Contributing to Transcription Factor Binding and Type 2 Diabetes Susceptibility. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11050569. [PMID: 32438712 PMCID: PMC7288287 DOI: 10.3390/genes11050569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variability is an important causative factor for susceptibility and pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Histone deacetylase, sirtuin 2 (SIRT2), plays regulatory roles in glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. However, whether the SIRT2 variants or haplotypes contribute to T2D risk remain to be elucidated. In this study, we first detected three novel polymorphisms (P-MU1, P-MU2, and P-MU3) in the promoter of SIRT2 in the Chinese population. All pairwise sets of the three loci were strongly in linkage disequilibrium. Next, we constructed the haplotype block structure, and found H1-GGC and H2-CCA accounted for the most (total 91.8%) in T2D. The haplotype combination H1-H1-GGGGCC displayed a high risk for T2D (OR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.12-3.72). By association analysis, we found the individuals carrying H1-H1-GGGGCC had significantly higher fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin. The haplotype H1-GGC presented a 6.74-fold higher promoter activity than H2-CCA, which was consistent with the correlation results. Furthermore, we clarified the mechanism whereby the C allele of both the P-MU1 and P-MU2 loci disrupted the signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) binding sites, leading to the attenuation of the SIRT2 transcription. Together, these data suggest that the linked haplotype GGC could be considered as a promising marker for T2D diagnosis and therapy assessment.
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Marek‐Yagel D, Bolkier Y, Barel O, Vardi A, Mishali D, Katz U, Salem Y, Abudi S, Nayshool O, Kol N, Raas‐Rothschild A, Rechavi G, Anikster Y, Pode‐Shakked B. A founder truncating variant in
GDF1
causes autosomal‐recessive right isomerism and associated congenital heart defects in multiplex Arab kindreds. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 182:987-993. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dina Marek‐Yagel
- Metabolic Disease UnitEdmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center Tel‐Hashomer Israel
- Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel‐Aviv University Tel‐Aviv Israel
| | - Yoav Bolkier
- Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel‐Aviv University Tel‐Aviv Israel
- Pediatric Cardiology UnitEdmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center Tel‐Hashomer Israel
| | - Ortal Barel
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center Tel‐Hashomer Israel
| | - Amir Vardi
- Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel‐Aviv University Tel‐Aviv Israel
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care, Edmond Safra International Congenital Heart CenterEdmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center Tel‐Hashomer Israel
| | - David Mishali
- Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel‐Aviv University Tel‐Aviv Israel
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care, Edmond Safra International Congenital Heart CenterEdmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center Tel‐Hashomer Israel
| | - Uriel Katz
- Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel‐Aviv University Tel‐Aviv Israel
- Pediatric Cardiology UnitEdmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center Tel‐Hashomer Israel
| | - Yishay Salem
- Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel‐Aviv University Tel‐Aviv Israel
- Pediatric Cardiology UnitEdmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center Tel‐Hashomer Israel
| | - Shachar Abudi
- Metabolic Disease UnitEdmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center Tel‐Hashomer Israel
- Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel‐Aviv University Tel‐Aviv Israel
| | - Omri Nayshool
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center Tel‐Hashomer Israel
| | - Nitzan Kol
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center Tel‐Hashomer Israel
| | - Annick Raas‐Rothschild
- Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel‐Aviv University Tel‐Aviv Israel
- The Institute for Rare Diseases, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center Tel‐Hashomer Israel
| | - Gideon Rechavi
- Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel‐Aviv University Tel‐Aviv Israel
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center Tel‐Hashomer Israel
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center Tel‐Hashomer Israel
| | - Yair Anikster
- Metabolic Disease UnitEdmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center Tel‐Hashomer Israel
- Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel‐Aviv University Tel‐Aviv Israel
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center Tel‐Hashomer Israel
| | - Ben Pode‐Shakked
- Metabolic Disease UnitEdmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center Tel‐Hashomer Israel
- Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel‐Aviv University Tel‐Aviv Israel
- Talpiot Medical Leadership ProgramSheba Medical Center Tel‐Hashomer Israel
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