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Reciprocal Regulation of Shh Trafficking and H2O2 Levels via a Noncanonical BOC-Rac1 Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040718. [PMID: 35453403 PMCID: PMC9025708 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Among molecules that bridge environment, cell metabolism, and cell signaling, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) recently appeared as an emerging but central player. Its level depends on cell metabolism and environment and was recently shown to play key roles during embryogenesis, contrasting with its long-established role in disease progression. We decided to explore whether the secreted morphogen Sonic hedgehog (Shh), known to be essential in a variety of biological processes ranging from embryonic development to adult tissue homeostasis and cancers, was part of these interactions. Here, we report that H2O2 levels control key steps of Shh delivery in cell culture: increased levels reduce primary secretion, stimulate endocytosis and accelerate delivery to recipient cells; in addition, physiological in vivo modulation of H2O2 levels changes Shh distribution and tissue patterning. Moreover, a feedback loop exists in which Shh trafficking controls H2O2 synthesis via a non-canonical BOC-Rac1 pathway, leading to cytoneme growth. Our findings reveal that Shh directly impacts its own distribution, thus providing a molecular explanation for the robustness of morphogenesis to both environmental insults and individual variability.
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Paludo GP, Thompson CE, Miyamoto KN, Guedes RLM, Zaha A, de Vasconcelos ATR, Cancela M, Ferreira HB. Cestode strobilation: prediction of developmental genes and pathways. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:487. [PMID: 32677885 PMCID: PMC7367335 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-06878-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cestoda is a class of endoparasitic worms in the flatworm phylum (Platyhelminthes). During the course of their evolution cestodes have evolved some interesting aspects, such as their increased reproductive capacity. In this sense, they have serial repetition of their reproductive organs in the adult stage, which is often associated with external segmentation in a developmental process called strobilation. However, the molecular basis of strobilation is poorly understood. To assess this issue, an evolutionary comparative study among strobilated and non-strobilated flatworm species was conducted to identify genes and proteins related to the strobilation process. RESULTS We compared the genomic content of 10 parasitic platyhelminth species; five from cestode species, representing strobilated parasitic platyhelminths, and five from trematode species, representing non-strobilated parasitic platyhelminths. This dataset was used to identify 1813 genes with orthologues that are present in all cestode (strobilated) species, but absent from at least one trematode (non-strobilated) species. Development-related genes, along with genes of unknown function (UF), were then selected based on their transcriptional profiles, resulting in a total of 34 genes that were differentially expressed between the larval (pre-strobilation) and adult (strobilated) stages in at least one cestode species. These 34 genes were then assumed to be strobilation related; they included 12 encoding proteins of known function, with 6 related to the Wnt, TGF-β/BMP, or G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathways; and 22 encoding UF proteins. In order to assign function to at least some of the UF genes/proteins, a global gene co-expression analysis was performed for the cestode species Echinococcus multilocularis. This resulted in eight UF genes/proteins being predicted as related to developmental, reproductive, vesicle transport, or signaling processes. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the described in silico data provided evidence of the involvement of 34 genes/proteins and at least 3 developmental pathways in the cestode strobilation process. These results highlight on the molecular mechanisms and evolution of the cestode strobilation process, and point to several interesting proteins as potential developmental markers and/or targets for the development of novel antihelminthic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Prado Paludo
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Biotecnologia (CBiot), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, CBiot, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Claudia Elizabeth Thompson
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, CBiot, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Departamento de Farmacociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências Médicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Kendi Nishino Miyamoto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, CBiot, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Lucas Muniz Guedes
- Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, Petrópolis, RJ, Brazil
- Present address: Instituto Hermes Pardini, Vespasiano, MG, Brazil
| | - Arnaldo Zaha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, CBiot, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Martin Cancela
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Biotecnologia (CBiot), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, CBiot, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Henrique Bunselmeyer Ferreira
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Biotecnologia (CBiot), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, CBiot, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Burgy O, Fernandez Fernandez E, Rolandsson Enes S, Königshoff M, Greene CM, Bartel S. New players in chronic lung disease identified at the European Respiratory Society International Congress in Paris 2018: from microRNAs to extracellular vesicles. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:S2983-S2987. [PMID: 30310685 PMCID: PMC6174131 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.08.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Burgy
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Elena Fernandez Fernandez
- Lung Biology Group, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sara Rolandsson Enes
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lung Biology Unit, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Catherine M. Greene
- Lung Biology Group, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sabine Bartel
- Early Life Origins of Chronic Lung Disease, Leibniz Lung Center Borstel, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
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Exosomes and extracellular vesicles: the path forward. Essays Biochem 2018; 62:119-124. [DOI: 10.1042/ebc20170088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Over the course of the past several decades, the concept that extracellular vesicles, exosomes and microvesicles, operate as cellular “housekeepers” and as agents for communication between and among cells and tissues, has emerged into one of the most promising yet vexing problems facing the biomedical community. Already, extracellular vesicles from biological fluids are being used for diagnostic purposes and hopes abound for their use as therapeutic agents. However, the most basic mechanistic questions surrounding their biogenesis and function in cellular and tissue homeostasis remain largely unexplored. In this issue of Essays in Biochemistry, the rise of a new intercellular communications pathway is considered from many perspectives—cell biology, physiology, and pathophysiology.
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