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Wu F, Akbar H, Wang C, Yuan X, Dou Z, Mullen M, Niu L, Zhang L, Zang J, Wang Z, Yao X, Song X, Liu X. Sgo1 interacts with CENP-A to guide accurate chromosome segregation in mitosis. J Mol Cell Biol 2024; 15:mjad061. [PMID: 37777834 PMCID: PMC11181942 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjad061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Shugoshin-1 (Sgo1) is necessary for maintaining sister centromere cohesion and ensuring accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis. It has been reported that the localization of Sgo1 at the centromere is dependent on Bub1-mediated phosphorylation of histone H2A at T120. However, it remains uncertain whether other centromeric proteins play a role in regulating the localization and function of Sgo1 during mitosis. Here, we show that CENP-A interacts with Sgo1 and determines the localization of Sgo1 to the centromere during mitosis. Further biochemical characterization revealed that lysine and arginine residues in the C-terminal domain of Sgo1 are critical for binding CENP-A. Interestingly, the replacement of these basic amino acids with acidic amino acids perturbed the localization of Sgo1 and Aurora B to the centromere, resulting in aberrant chromosome segregation and premature chromatid separation. Taken together, these findings reveal a previously unrecognized but direct link between Sgo1 and CENP-A in centromere plasticity control and illustrate how the Sgo1-CENP-A interaction guides accurate cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengge Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of Institute of Health and Medicine (IHM), University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Hameed Akbar
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of Institute of Health and Medicine (IHM), University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Chunyue Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of Institute of Health and Medicine (IHM), University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiao Yuan
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of Institute of Health and Medicine (IHM), University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230026, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Zhen Dou
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of Institute of Health and Medicine (IHM), University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230026, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, Hefei 230027, China
- Keck Center for Cellular Dynamics, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA
| | - McKay Mullen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of Institute of Health and Medicine (IHM), University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230026, China
- Keck Center for Cellular Dynamics, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA
| | - Liwen Niu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of Institute of Health and Medicine (IHM), University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230026, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of Institute of Health and Medicine (IHM), University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jianye Zang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of Institute of Health and Medicine (IHM), University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhikai Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of Institute of Health and Medicine (IHM), University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230026, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Xuebiao Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of Institute of Health and Medicine (IHM), University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230026, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Xiaoyu Song
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of Institute of Health and Medicine (IHM), University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230026, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Xing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of Institute of Health and Medicine (IHM), University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230026, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, Hefei National Center for Cross-disciplinary Sciences, Hefei 230027, China
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Yang Z, Jiang Y, Wang L, Yu B, Cai H, Fan J, Zhang M. Prognosis and biological function of SGOL1 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a multiomics analysis. BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:60. [PMID: 38383432 PMCID: PMC10882763 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-024-01825-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shugoshin-1 (SGOL1) is a mammalian ortholog of Shugoshin in yeast and is essential for precise chromosome segregation during mitosis and meiosis. Aberrant SGOL1 expression was reported to be closely correlated with the malignant progression of various tumors. However, the expression pattern and biological function of SGOL1 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) are unclear. METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases provide mRNA expression data and outcome information for ccRCC patients. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of ccRCC tissue chips verified SGOL1 protein expression in ccRCC patients. Data processing and visualization were performed with the UALCAN, TISIDB, TIMER, GSCA, LinkedOmics, and starBase databases. Gene Ontology (GO) annotation and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were used to identify SGOL1-related biological functions and signaling pathways. Immune infiltration analysis was performed using the TISIDB database, ssGSEA algorithm, and TCGA-KIRC cohort. The biological role of SGOL1 in ccRCC was investigated using a series of in vitro cytological assays, including the MTT assay, EdU staining assay, flow cytometry analysis, Transwell assay, and wound healing assay. RESULTS SGOL1 was highly expressed in ccRCC and linked to adverse clinicopathological parameters and unfavorable prognosis. Multivariate logistic regression and nomogram calibration suggested that SGOL1 might serve as an independent and reliable prognostic predictor of ccRCC. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that SGOL1 may be involved in the cell cycle, the p53 pathway, DNA replication, and T-cell activation. Furthermore, tumor microenvironment (TME) analysis suggested that SGOL1 was positively associated with Treg infiltration and immune checkpoint upregulation. In addition, we identified a potential SNHG17/PVT1/ZMIZ1-AS1-miR-23b-3p-SGOL1 axis correlated with ccRCC carcinogenesis and progression. Finally, we demonstrated that SGOL1 promoted ccRCC cell proliferation, migratory capacity, and invasion in vitro. CONCLUSIONS SGOL1 potentially functions as an oncogene in ccRCC progression and might contribute to the immunosuppressive TME by increasing Treg infiltration and checkpoint expression, suggesting that targeting SGOL1 could be a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of ccRCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zezhong Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Address: No.277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Yunzhong Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Address: No.277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Address: No.277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Binghe Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Address: No.277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Hui Cai
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University. Address: No, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Jinhai Fan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Address: No.277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
| | - Mengzhao Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University. Address: No, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
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Wu Z, Zhuo T, Li Z, Zhu Y, Wu J, Liang G, Dai L, Wang Y, Tan X, Chen M. High SGO2 predicted poor prognosis and high therapeutic value of lung adenocarcinoma and promoted cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation. J Cancer 2023; 14:2301-2314. [PMID: 37576392 PMCID: PMC10414046 DOI: 10.7150/jca.86285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Shugoshin 2 (SGO2), a component of the cell division cohesion complex, is involved in both mitotic and meiotic processes. Despite being overexpressed in various malignant tumors and is associated with poor prognosis, its exact role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and its biological effects on lung cancer cells are not well understood. Methods: The transcriptomics data and clinical information for LUAD were obtained from TCGA and GEO, and DEGs associated with prognostic risk factors were screened using Cox regression analysis and chi-square testing. Identify these gene functions using correlation heatmaps, protein interaction networks (PPIs), and KEGG enrichment assays. The expression of SGO2 in tissues was verified by PCR and IHC, and the prognostic value of SGO2 in LUAD was evaluated by survival analysis. In addition, the effects of SGO2 knockdown on lung cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were studied in vitro. After that, the TIMER database and single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) analysis were used to investigate the correlation between SGO2 and immune infiltration. Finally, the tumor mutational burden (TMB) of different SGO2 clusters and the efficacy of the two clusters in multiple treatments were evaluated. Results: High-risk genes associated with poor prognosis in LUAD are involved in cell cycle regulation and proliferation. Among these genes, SGO2 exhibited high expression in LUAD and corresponded with the TNM stage. Furthermore, the knockdown of SGO2 led to a decrease in the proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT processes of lung cancer cells. Notably, high SGO2 expression may have poorer anti-tumor immunity and may therefore be more suitable for immunotherapy to re-establish immune function, while its high expression with a higher TMB could enable LUAD to benefit from multiple therapies. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that SGO2 may be a promising prognostic biomarker for LUAD, particularly in regulating the cell cycle and benefiting from multiple therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuotao Wu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ting Zhuo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zihao Li
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yongjie Zhu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiejing Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Guanbiao Liang
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Lei Dai
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yongyong Wang
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiang Tan
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Mingwu Chen
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Bruce JW, Park E, Magnano C, Horswill M, Richards A, Potts G, Hebert A, Islam N, Coon JJ, Gitter A, Sherer N, Ahlquist P. HIV-1 virological synapse formation enhances infection spread by dysregulating Aurora Kinase B. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011492. [PMID: 37459363 PMCID: PMC10374047 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 spreads efficiently through direct cell-to-cell transmission at virological synapses (VSs) formed by interactions between HIV-1 envelope proteins (Env) on the surface of infected cells and CD4 receptors on uninfected target cells. Env-CD4 interactions bring the infected and uninfected cellular membranes into close proximity and induce transport of viral and cellular factors to the VS for efficient virion assembly and HIV-1 transmission. Using novel, cell-specific stable isotope labeling and quantitative mass spectrometric proteomics, we identified extensive changes in the levels and phosphorylation states of proteins in HIV-1 infected producer cells upon mixing with CD4+ target cells under conditions inducing VS formation. These coculture-induced alterations involved multiple cellular pathways including transcription, TCR signaling and, unexpectedly, cell cycle regulation, and were dominated by Env-dependent responses. We confirmed the proteomic results using inhibitors targeting regulatory kinases and phosphatases in selected pathways identified by our proteomic analysis. Strikingly, inhibiting the key mitotic regulator Aurora kinase B (AURKB) in HIV-1 infected cells significantly increased HIV activity in cell-to-cell fusion and transmission but had little effect on cell-free infection. Consistent with this, we found that AURKB regulates the fusogenic activity of HIV-1 Env. In the Jurkat T cell line and primary T cells, HIV-1 Env:CD4 interaction also dramatically induced cell cycle-independent AURKB relocalization to the centromere, and this signaling required the long (150 aa) cytoplasmic C-terminal domain (CTD) of Env. These results imply that cytoplasmic/plasma membrane AURKB restricts HIV-1 envelope fusion, and that this restriction is overcome by Env CTD-induced AURKB relocalization. Taken together, our data reveal a new signaling pathway regulating HIV-1 cell-to-cell transmission and potential new avenues for therapeutic intervention through targeting the Env CTD and AURKB activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W. Bruce
- John and Jeanne Rowe Center for Research in Virology, Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Eunju Park
- John and Jeanne Rowe Center for Research in Virology, Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Chris Magnano
- John and Jeanne Rowe Center for Research in Virology, Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Computer Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Mark Horswill
- John and Jeanne Rowe Center for Research in Virology, Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Alicia Richards
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Gregory Potts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Alexander Hebert
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Nafisah Islam
- John and Jeanne Rowe Center for Research in Virology, Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Computer Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Joshua J. Coon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Anthony Gitter
- John and Jeanne Rowe Center for Research in Virology, Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Computer Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Nathan Sherer
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Paul Ahlquist
- John and Jeanne Rowe Center for Research in Virology, Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
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Arif MAR, Tripodi P, Waheed MQ, Afzal I, Pistrick S, Schütze G, Börner A. Genetic Analyses of Seed Longevity in Capsicum annuum L. in Cold Storage Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1321. [PMID: 36987009 PMCID: PMC10057624 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Seed longevity is the most important trait in the genebank management system. No seed can remain infinitely viable. There are 1241 accessions of Capsicum annuum L. available at the German Federal ex situ genebank at IPK Gatersleben. C. annuum (Capsicum) is the most economically important species of the genus Capsicum. So far, there is no report that has addressed the genetic basis of seed longevity in Capsicum. Here, we convened a total of 1152 Capsicum accessions that were deposited in Gatersleben over forty years (from 1976 to 2017) and assessed their longevity by analyzing the standard germination percentage after 5-40 years of storage at -15/-18 °C. These data were used to determine the genetic causes of seed longevity, along with 23,462 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers covering all of the 12 Capsicum chromosomes. Using the association-mapping approach, we identified a total of 224 marker trait associations (MTAs) (34, 25, 31, 35, 39, 7, 21 and 32 MTAs after 5-, 10-, 15-, 20-, 25-, 30-, 35- and 40-year storage intervals) on all the Capsicum chromosomes. Several candidate genes were identified using the blast analysis of SNPs, and these candidate genes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pasquale Tripodi
- Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), 84098 Pontecagnano Faiano, Italy
| | | | - Irfan Afzal
- Seed Physiology Lab, Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sibylle Pistrick
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstr. 3, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Gudrun Schütze
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstr. 3, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Andreas Börner
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstr. 3, 06466 Seeland, Germany
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A Review of the Regulatory Mechanisms of N-Myc on Cell Cycle. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031141. [PMID: 36770809 PMCID: PMC9920120 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma has obvious heterogeneity. It is one of the few undifferentiated malignant tumors that can spontaneously degenerate into completely benign tumors. However, for its high-risk type, even with various intensive treatment options, the prognosis is still unsatisfactory. At the same time, a large number of research data show that the abnormal amplification and high-level expression of the MYCN gene are positively correlated with the malignant progression, poor prognosis, and mortality of neuroblastoma. In this context, this article explores the role of the N-Myc, MYCN gene expression product on its target genes related to the cell cycle and reveals its regulatory network in promoting tumor proliferation and malignant progression. We hope it can provide ideas and direction for the research and development of drugs targeting N-Myc and its downstream target genes.
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Hu Q, Liu Q, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Li L. SGOL2 is a novel prognostic marker and fosters disease progression via a MAD2-mediated pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomark Res 2022; 10:82. [PMCID: PMC9664666 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-022-00422-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Shugoshin-like protein 2 (SGOL2) is a centromeric protein that ensures the correct and orderly process of mitosis by protecting and maintaining centripetal adhesions during meiosis and mitosis. Here, we examined the potential role of SGOL2 in cancers, especially in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods One hundred ninety-nine normal adjacent tissues and 202 HCC samples were collected in this study. Human HCC cells (SK-HEP-1 and HEP-3B) were employed in the present study. Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, western blot, Co-Immunoprecipitation technique, and bioinformatic analysis were utilized to assess the role of SGOL2 in HCC development process. Results Overexpression of SGOL2 predicted an unfavorable prognosis in HCC by The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA), which were further validated in our two independent cohorts. Next, 47 differentially expressed genes positively related to both SGOL2 and MAD2 were identified to be associated with the cell cycle. Subsequently, we demonstrated that SGOL2 downregulation suppressed the malignant activities of HCC in vitro and in vivo. Further investigation showed that SGOL2 promoted tumor proliferation by regulating MAD2-induced cell-cycle dysregulation, which could be reversed by the MAD2 inhibitor M2I-1. Consistently, MAD2 upregulation reversed the knockdown effects of SGOL2-shRNA in HCC. Moreover, we demonstrated that SGOL2 regulated MAD2 expression level by forming a SGOL2-MAD2 complex, which led to cell cycle dysreuglation of HCC cells. Conclusion SGOL2 acts as an oncogene in HCC cells by regulating MAD2 and then dysregulating the cell cycle, providing a potential therapeutic target in HCC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40364-022-00422-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Hu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 China
| | - Qiuhong Liu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 China
| | - Yalei Zhao
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 China
| | - Lingjian Zhang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 China
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Vaghari-Tabari M, Hassanpour P, Sadeghsoltani F, Malakoti F, Alemi F, Qujeq D, Asemi Z, Yousefi B. CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing: a new approach for overcoming drug resistance in cancer. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:49. [PMID: 35715750 PMCID: PMC9204876 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00348-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The CRISPR/Cas9 system is an RNA-based adaptive immune system in bacteria and archaea. Various studies have shown that it is possible to target a wide range of human genes and treat some human diseases, including cancers, by the CRISPR/Cas9 system. In fact, CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing is one of the most efficient genome manipulation techniques. Studies have shown that CRISPR/Cas9 technology, in addition to having the potential to be used as a new therapeutic approach in the treatment of cancers, can also be used to enhance the effectiveness of existing treatments. Undoubtedly, the issue of drug resistance is one of the main obstacles in the treatment of cancers. Cancer cells resist anticancer drugs by a variety of mechanisms, such as enhancing anticancer drugs efflux, enhancing DNA repair, enhancing stemness, and attenuating apoptosis. Mutations in some proteins of different cellular signaling pathways are associated with these events and drug resistance. Recent studies have shown that the CRISPR/Cas9 technique can be used to target important genes involved in these mechanisms, thereby increasing the effectiveness of anticancer drugs. In this review article, studies related to the applications of this technique in overcoming drug resistance in cancer cells will be reviewed. In addition, we will give a brief overview of the limitations of the CRISP/Cas9 gene-editing technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Vaghari-Tabari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parisa Hassanpour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadeghsoltani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Faezeh Malakoti
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Forough Alemi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Durdi Qujeq
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center (CMBRC), Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Warecki B, Sullivan W. The Cell Biology of Heterochromatin. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071247. [PMID: 35406810 PMCID: PMC8997597 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A conserved feature of virtually all higher eukaryotes is that the centromeres are embedded in heterochromatin. Here we provide evidence that this tight association between pericentric heterochromatin and the centromere is essential for proper metaphase exit and progression into telophase. Analysis of chromosome rearrangements that separate pericentric heterochromatin and centromeres indicates that they must remain associated in order to balance Cohesin/DNA catenation-based binding forces and centromere-based pulling forces during the metaphase–anaphase transition. In addition, a centromere embedded in heterochromatin facilitates nuclear envelope assembly around the entire complement of segregating chromosomes. Because the nuclear envelope initially forms on pericentric heterochromatin, nuclear envelope formation proceeds from the pole, thus providing time for incorporation of lagging and trailing chromosome arms into the newly formed nucleus. Additional analysis of noncanonical mitoses provides further insights into the functional significance of the tight association between heterochromatin and centromeres.
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Jeffery D, Lochhead M, Almouzni G. CENP-A: A Histone H3 Variant with Key Roles in Centromere Architecture in Healthy and Diseased States. Results Probl Cell Differ 2022; 70:221-261. [PMID: 36348109 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Centromeres are key architectural components of chromosomes. Here, we examine their construction, maintenance, and functionality. Focusing on the mammalian centromere- specific histone H3 variant, CENP-A, we highlight its coevolution with both centromeric DNA and its chaperone, HJURP. We then consider CENP-A de novo deposition and the importance of centromeric DNA recently uncovered with the added value from new ultra-long-read sequencing. We next review how to ensure the maintenance of CENP-A at the centromere throughout the cell cycle. Finally, we discuss the impact of disrupting CENP-A regulation on cancer and cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Jeffery
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Nuclear Dynamics Unit, UMR3664, Paris, France
| | - Marina Lochhead
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Nuclear Dynamics Unit, UMR3664, Paris, France
| | - Geneviève Almouzni
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Nuclear Dynamics Unit, UMR3664, Paris, France.
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11
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Chen Y, Zhang Q, Liu H. An emerging role of transcription in chromosome segregation: Ongoing centromeric transcription maintains centromeric cohesion. Bioessays 2021; 44:e2100201. [PMID: 34761408 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202100201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Non-coding centromeres, which dictate kinetochore formation for proper chromosome segregation, are extremely divergent in DNA sequences across species but are under active transcription carried out by RNA polymerase (RNAP) II. The RNAP II-mediated centromeric transcription has been shown to facilitate the deposition of the centromere protein A (CENP-A) to centromeres, establishing a conserved and critical role of centromeric transcription in centromere maintenance. Our recent work revealed another role of centromeric transcription in chromosome segregation: maintaining centromeric cohesion during mitosis. Interestingly, this role appears to be fulfilled through ongoing centromeric transcription rather than centromeric transcripts. In addition, we found that centromeric transcription may not require some of the traditional transcription initiation factors, suggestive of "uniqueness" in its regulation. In this review, we discuss the novel role and regulation of centromeric transcription as well as the potential underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujue Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, 70112, USA
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, 70112, USA
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, 70112, USA.,Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, 70112, USA.,Tulane Aging Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, 70112, USA
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Chen Y, Zhang Q, Teng Z, Liu H. Centromeric transcription maintains centromeric cohesion in human cells. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:e202008146. [PMID: 33881484 PMCID: PMC8065269 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202008146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Centromeric transcription has been shown to play an important role in centromere functions. However, lack of approaches to specifically manipulate centromeric transcription calls into question that the proposed functions are a direct consequence of centromeric transcription. By monitoring nascent RNAs, we found that several transcriptional inhibitors exhibited distinct, even opposing, efficacies on the suppression of ongoing gene and centromeric transcription in human cells, whereas under the same conditions, total centromeric RNAs were changed to a lesser extent. The inhibitor suppressing ongoing centromeric transcription weakened centromeric cohesion, whereas the inhibitor increasing ongoing centromeric transcription strengthened centromeric cohesion. Furthermore, expression of CENP-B DNA-binding domain or CENP-B knockdown moderately increased centromeric transcription without altering gene transcription; as a result, centromeric cohesion was accordingly strengthened. Targeting of the Kox1-KRAB domain with CENP-B DB to centromeres specifically decreased centromeric transcription and weakened centromeric cohesion. Thus, based on these findings, we propose that a major function of centromeric transcription is to maintain centromeric cohesion in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujue Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Zhen Teng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
- Tulane Aging Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
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13
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Abstract
Chromosome instability (CIN) is a major hallmark of cancer cells and believed to drive tumor progression. Several cellular defects including weak centromeric cohesion are proposed to promote CIN, but the molecular mechanisms underlying these defects are poorly understood. In a screening for SET protein levels in various cancer cell lines, we found that most of the cancer cells exhibit higher SET protein levels than nontransformed cells, including RPE-1. Cancer cells with elevated SET often show weak centromeric cohesion, revealed by MG132-induced cohesion fatigue. Partial SET knockdown largely strengthens centromeric cohesion in cancer cells without increasing overall phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity. Pharmacologically increased PP2A activity in these cancer cells barely ameliorates centromeric cohesion. These results suggest that compromised PP2A activity, a common phenomenon in cancer cells, may not be responsible for weak centromeric cohesion. Furthermore, centromeric cohesion in cancer cells can be strengthened by ectopic Sgo1 overexpression and weakened by SET WT, not by Sgo1-binding-deficient mutants. Altogether, these findings demonstrate that SET overexpression contributes to impaired centromeric cohesion in cancer cells and illustrate misregulated SET-Sgo1 pathway as an underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Tianhua Niu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112.,Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112.,Tulane Aging Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
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