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Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Fan Y, Li W, Liu M, Zhang X, Zhou W, Wang M, Jiang S, Shang E, Duan J. Multi-omics combined to explore the purging mechanism of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2024; 1243:124218. [PMID: 38959707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2024.124218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex have been used together to treat constipation in the clinical practices for more than 2000 years. Nonetheless, their compatibility mechanism is still unclear. In this study, the amelioration of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma combined with Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex on constipation was systematically and comprehensively evaluated. The results showed that their compatibility could markedly shorten gastrointestinal transport time, increase fecal water content and frequency of defecation, improve gastrointestinal hormone disorders and protect colon tissue of constipation rats compared with the single drug. Furthermore, according to 16S rRNA sequencing in conjunction with UPLC-Q-TOF/MS, the combination of two herbal medications could greatly raise the number of salutary bacteria (Lachnospiraceae, Romboutsia and Subdoligranulum) while decreasing the abundance of pathogenic bacteria (Erysipelatoclostridiaceae). And two herb drugs could markedly improve the disorder of fecal metabolic profiles. A total of 7 different metabolites associated with constipation were remarkably shifted by the compatibility of two herbs, which were mainly related to arachidonic acid metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis and other metabolic ways. Thus, the regulation of intestinal microbiome and its metabolism could be a potential target for Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex herb pair to treat constipation. Furthermore, the multi-omics approach utilized in this study, which integrated the microbiome and metabolome, had potential for investigating the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Quyi Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yuwen Fan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Wenwen Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Meijuan Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Wenwen Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Mingyang Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Erxin Shang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jinao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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Hu P, Xiao M, Wang N, Zhang S, Shi J, Shi J, Tang T, Liu L. Metagenome reveals the possible mechanism that microbial strains promote methanogenesis during anaerobic digestion of food waste. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118723. [PMID: 38490625 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
For better understanding the mechanism of microbial strains promoting methane production, four strains Hungatella xylanolytica A5, Bacillus licheniformis B1, Paraclostridium benzoelyticum C2 and Advenella faeciporci E1 were inoculated into anaerobic digestion systems. After bioaugmentation, the cumulative methane production of A5, B1, C2 and E1 groups elevated by 11.68%, 8.20%, 18.21% and 15.67% compared to CK group, respectively. The metagenomic analysis revealed that the species diversity and uniformity of the experimental groups was improved, and hydrolytic acidifying bacteria, represented by Clostridiaceae, Anaerolineaceae and Oscillospiraceae, and methanogens, such as Methanotrichaceae and Methanobacteriaceae, were enriched. Meanwhile, the abundance of key genes in carbohydrate, pyruvate and methane metabolism was increased in the inoculated groups, providing reasonable reasons for more methane production. The strengthening mechanism of microbial strains in this study offered a theoretical foundation for selecting a suitable bioaugmentation strategy to solve the problems of slow start-up and low methane production in anaerobic digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Hu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mengyao Xiao
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Na Wang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Siying Zhang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jingjing Shi
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiping Shi
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Tao Tang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Li Liu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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Wu Z, Zhang R, Wang J, Li T, Zhang G, Zhang C, Ye H, Zeng X. Characteristics of exopolysaccharides from Paecilomyces hepiali and their simulated digestion and fermentation in vitro by human intestinal microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131198. [PMID: 38552700 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The metabolic process of polysaccharides in gastrointestinal digestions and the effects of the resulting carbohydrates on the composition of gut microbes are important to explore their prebiotic properties. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the simulated digestion and fecal fermentation in vitro of three fractions (PHEPSs-1, PHEPSs-2 and PHEPSs-3) purified from the crude exopolysaccharides of Paecilomyces hepiali HN1 (PHEPSs) and to explore the potential prebiotic mechanisms. The three purified fractions were characterized by HPLC, UV, FT-IR, SEM and AFM, and they were all of galactoglucomannan family with molecular weight of 178, 232 and 119 kDa, respectively. They could resist the simulated gastrointestinal digestions, but they were metabolized in fecal fermentation in vitro. Furthermore, the mannose in PHEPSs showed a higher utilization rate than that of glucose or galactose. The proliferation effects of PHEPSs on Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus were weaker significantly than those of fructooligosaccharides before 12 h of fecal fermentation, but stronger after 24 h of fecal fermentation. Meanwhile, higher levels of short-chain fatty acids were found in PHEPSs groups when the fecal fermentation extended to 36 h. Therefore, PHEPSs are expected to have a potent gut healthy activity and can be explored as functional food ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Province, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Rongxian Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Province, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Province, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Tenglong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Province, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Guang Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Province, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Chaohui Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Province, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Hong Ye
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Li Y, Shi C, Deng J, Qiu X, Zhang S, Wang H, Qin X, He Y, Cao B, Su H. Effects of Grape Pomace on Growth Performance, Nitrogen Metabolism, Antioxidants, and Microbial Diversity in Angus Bulls. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:412. [PMID: 38671860 PMCID: PMC11047470 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyphenol-rich grape pomace (GP) represents a valuable processing by-product with considerable potential as sustainable livestock feed. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of GP on the growth performance and nitrogen utilization efficiency, antioxidant activity, and rumen and rectum microbiota of Angus bulls. Thirty Angus bulls were allocated three dietary treatments according to a completely randomized design: 0% (G0), 10% (G10), and 20% (G20) corn silage dry matter replaced with dried GP dry matter. The results showed that the average daily gain (ADG) of the G0 group and G10 group was higher than that of the G20 group (p < 0.05); urinary nitrogen levels decreased linearly with the addition of GP (linear, p < 0.05). In terms of antioxidants, the levels of catalase (CAT) in the G10 group were higher than in the G0 and G20 groups (p < 0.05), and the total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC) was significantly higher than that in the G20 group (p < 0.05). In addition, in the analysis of a microbial network diagram, the G10 group had better microbial community complexity and stability. Overall, these findings offer valuable insights into the potential benefits of incorporating GP into the diet of ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (S.Z.); (H.W.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Changxiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (S.Z.); (H.W.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Jiajie Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (S.Z.); (H.W.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Xinjun Qiu
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Siyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (S.Z.); (H.W.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Huili Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (S.Z.); (H.W.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Xiaoli Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (S.Z.); (H.W.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Yang He
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (S.Z.); (H.W.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Binghai Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (S.Z.); (H.W.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Huawei Su
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (S.Z.); (H.W.); (X.Q.); (Y.H.); (B.C.)
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Bedford MR, Svihus B, Cowieson AJ. Dietary fibre effects and the interplay with exogenous carbohydrases in poultry nutrition. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 16:231-240. [PMID: 38362517 PMCID: PMC10867600 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of the role of dietary fibre in non-ruminant animal production is elusive. Equivocal and conflated definitions of fibre coupled with significant analytical complexity, interact with poorly defined host and microbiome relationships. Dietary fibre is known to influence gut development, feed intake and passage rate, nutrient absorption, microbiome taxonomy and function, gut pH, endogenous nutrient loss, environmental sustainability, animal welfare and more. Whilst significant gaps persist in our understanding of fibre in non-ruminant animal production, there is substantial interest in optimizing the fibre fraction of feed to induce high value phenotypes such as improved welfare, live performance and to reduce the environmental footprint of animal production systems. In order to achieve these aspirational goals, it is important to tackle dietary fibre with the same level of scrutiny as is currently done for other critical nutrient classes such as protein, minerals and vitamins. The chemical, mechanical and nutritional role of fibre must be explored at the level of monomeric sugars, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides of varying molecular weight and decoration, and this must be in parallel to standardisation of analytical tools and definitions for speciation. To further complicate subject, exogenous carbohydrases recognise dietary fibre as a focal substrate and have varying capacity to generate lower molecular weight carbohydrates that interact differentially with the host and the enteric microbiome. This short review article will explore the interactive space between dietary fibre and exogenous carbohydrases and will include their nutritional and health effects with emphasis on functional development of the gut, microbiome modulation and host metabolism.
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Xiong C, Wu J, Ma Y, Li N, Wang X, Li Y, Ding X. Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Gut Microbiota in Dehydroepiandrosterone-Induced Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Mice: Compared Evaluation of Liraglutide and Semaglutide Intervention. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:865-880. [PMID: 38406269 PMCID: PMC10894520 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s451129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a frequent cause of infertility in reproductive-age women. Our work aims to evaluate the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) on gut microbiota, with metabolic parameters including body weight and the hormone profile in PCOS. Patients and Methods Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-induced PCOS mice were established and then treated with two GLP-1RAs: liraglutide and novel form semaglutide for four weeks. Changes in body weight and metabolic parameters were measured. Fecal samples were collected and analyzed using metagenomic sequencing. Results Liraglutide and semaglutide modulated both alpha and beta diversity of the gut microbiota in PCOS. Liraglutide increased the Bacillota-to-Bacteroidota ratio through up-regulating the abundance of butyrate-producing members of Bacillota like Lachnospiraceae. Moreover, liraglutide showed the ability to reverse the altered microbial composition and the disrupted microbiota functions caused by PCOS. Semaglutide increased the abundance of Helicobacter in PCOS mice (p < 0.01) which was the only bacteria found negatively correlated with body weight. Moreover, pathways involving porphyrin and flavonoids were increased after semaglutide intervention. Conclusion Liraglutide and semaglutide improved reproductive and metabolic disorders by modulating the whole structure of gut microbiota in PCOS. The greater efficacy in weight loss compared with liraglutide observed after semaglutide intervention was positively related with Helicobacter. The study may provide new ideas in the treatment and the underlying mechanisms of GLP-1RAs to improve PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanhao Xiong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingzhu Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuhang Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuejiao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Ding
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Xu C, Jiang H, Feng LJ, Jiang MZ, Wang YL, Liu SJ. Christensenella minuta interacts with multiple gut bacteria. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1301073. [PMID: 38440147 PMCID: PMC10910051 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1301073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gut microbes form complex networks that significantly influence host health and disease treatment. Interventions with the probiotic bacteria on the gut microbiota have been demonstrated to improve host well-being. As a representative of next-generation probiotics, Christensenella minuta (C. minuta) plays a critical role in regulating energy balance and metabolic homeostasis in human bodies, showing potential in treating metabolic disorders and reducing inflammation. However, interactions of C. minuta with the members of the networked gut microbiota have rarely been explored. Methods In this study, we investigated the impact of C. minuta on fecal microbiota via metagenomic sequencing, focusing on retrieving bacterial strains and coculture assays of C. minuta with associated microbial partners. Results Our results showed that C. minuta intervention significantly reduced the diversity of fecal microorganisms, but specifically enhanced some groups of bacteria, such as Lactobacillaceae. C. minuta selectively enriched bacterial pathways that compensated for its metabolic defects on vitamin B1, B12, serine, and glutamate synthesis. Meanwhile, C. minuta cross-feeds Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and other bacteria via the production of arginine, branched-chain amino acids, fumaric acids and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as acetic. Both metagenomic data analysis and culture experiments revealed that C. minuta negatively correlated with Klebsiella pneumoniae and 14 other bacterial taxa, while positively correlated with F. prausnitzii. Our results advance our comprehension of C. minuta's in modulating the gut microbial network. Conclusions C. minuta disrupts the composition of the fecal microbiota. This disturbance is manifested through cross-feeding, nutritional competition, and supplementation of its own metabolic deficiencies, resulting in the specific enrichment or inhibition of the growth of certain bacteria. This study will shed light on the application of C. minuta as a probiotic for effective interventions on gut microbiomes and improvement of host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - He Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Li-Juan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Min-Zhi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu-Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuang-Jiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Yang W, Xi C, Yao H, Yuan Q, Zhang J, Chen Q, Wu G, Hu J. Oral administration of lysozyme protects against injury of ileum via modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis after severe traumatic brain injury. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1304218. [PMID: 38352055 PMCID: PMC10861676 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1304218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The current study sought to clarify the role of lysozyme-regulated gut microbiota and explored the potential therapeutic effects of lysozyme on ileum injury induced by severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) and bacterial pneumonia in vivo and in vitro experiments. Methods Male 6-8-week-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into Normal group (N), Sham group (S), sTBI group (T), sTBI + or Lysozyme-treated group (L), Normal + Lysozyme group (NL) and Sham group + Lysozyme group (SL). At the day 7 after establishment of the model, mice were anesthetized and the samples were collected. The microbiota in lungs and fresh contents of the ileocecum were analyzed. Lungs and distal ileum were used to detect the degree of injury. The number of Paneth cells and the expression level of lysozyme were assessed. The bacterial translocation was determined. Intestinal organoids culture and co-coculture system was used to test whether lysozyme remodels the intestinal barrier through the gut microbiota. Results After oral administration of lysozyme, the intestinal microbiota is rebalanced, the composition of lung microbiota is restored, and translocation of intestinal bacteria is mitigated. Lysozyme administration reinstates lysozyme expression in Paneth cells, thereby reducing intestinal permeability, pathological score, apoptosis rate, and inflammation levels. The gut microbiota, including Oscillospira, Ruminococcus, Alistipes, Butyricicoccus, and Lactobacillus, play a crucial role in regulating and improving intestinal barrier damage and modulating Paneth cells in lysozyme-treated mice. A co-culture system comprising intestinal organoids and brain-derived proteins (BP), which demonstrated that the BP effectively downregulated the expression of lysozyme in intestinal organoids. However, supplementation of lysozyme to this co-culture system failed to restore its expression in intestinal organoids. Conclusion The present study unveiled a virtuous cycle whereby oral administration of lysozyme restores Paneth cell's function, mitigates intestinal injury and bacterial translocation through the remodeling of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijian Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Caihua Xi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurocritical Care, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haijun Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurocritical Care, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Qifang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurocritical Care, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
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Wu Y, Liu B, Ma X, Yang L, Lu X, Wang W, Li J. The Microbiota Architecture of the Chinchilla Gastrointestinal Tract. Vet Sci 2024; 11:58. [PMID: 38393076 PMCID: PMC10893296 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11020058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal microbiota develop alongside the host and play a vital role in the health of cecal fermenters such as chinchillas. However, little is known about the microbiota architecture in healthy chinchillas. Illumine-based 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was used to investigate the microbiota present in six different gastrointestinal tract regions of three healthy adult chinchillas. The findings revealed significantly more abundant microbiota in the large intestine compared with the proximal segments. In addition, the cecum exhibited better evenness compared to the colon. The core microbiota are Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, Actinobacteriota, and Proteobacteria at the phylum level. The signature microbiota of each segment were identified. The cecum had 10 signature microbiota, which had the widest coverage and overlapped with that of the cecum. The stomach had five signature microbiota, exhibiting the second widest coverage and overlapping with the duodenum. No signature microbiota were detected in the jejunum and ileum. While similarities exist with the microbiota of other cecal fermenters, chinchillas exhibit distinct microbiota closely related to their unique digestive mechanisms. This study is a preliminary study of the gastrointestinal microbiota architecture and distribution in healthy chinchillas. Further study is needed in order to better understand the effect of gastrointestinal microbiota on the health of the chinchilla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Wu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (B.L.); (L.Y.); (X.L.)
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (B.L.); (L.Y.); (X.L.)
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xinyi Ma
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (B.L.); (L.Y.); (X.L.)
| | - Luo Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (B.L.); (L.Y.); (X.L.)
| | - Xinyi Lu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (B.L.); (L.Y.); (X.L.)
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (B.L.); (L.Y.); (X.L.)
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (B.L.); (L.Y.); (X.L.)
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10
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Meng X, Shu Q. Novel primers to identify a wider diversity of butyrate-producing bacteria. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:76. [PMID: 38252387 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03872-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Butyrate-producing bacteria are a functionally important part of the intestinal tract flora, and the resulting butyric acid is essential for maintaining host intestinal health, regulating the immune system, and influencing energy metabolism. However, butyrate-producing bacteria have not been defined as a coherent phylogenetic group. They are primarily identified using primers for key genes in the butyrate-producing pathway, and their use has been limited to the Bacillota and Bacteroidetes phyla. To overcome this limitation, we developed functional gene primers able to identify butyrate-producing bacteria through the butyrate kinase gene, which encodes the enzyme involved in the final step of the butyrate-producing pathway. Genomes extracted from human and rat feces were used to amplify the target genes through PCR. The obtained sequences were analyzed using BLASTX to construct a developmental tree using the MEGA software. The newly designed butyrate kinase gene primers allowed to recognize a wider diversity of butyrate-producing bacteria than that recognized using currently available primers. Specifically, butyrate-producing bacteria from the Synergistota and Spirochaetota phyla were identified for the first time using these primers. Thus, the developed primers provide a more accurate method for researchers and doctors to identify potential butyrate-producing bacteria and deepen our understanding of butyrate-producing bacterial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbin Meng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qinglong Shu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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11
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Zhang S, Lv H, Cai X, Tang S, Zhong R, Chen L, Zhang H. Effects of the compound extracts of Caprifoliaceae and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi on the intestinal microbiota and antioxidant function. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1289490. [PMID: 38282732 PMCID: PMC10822692 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1289490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
According to the Chinese encyclopedia "Ben Cao Gang Mu" (AD 1552-1578), Caprifoliaceae and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi are used in traditional Chinese medicine to clear heat, detoxify, and treat wind-heat colds, upper respiratory tract infections, and pneumonia. However, the mechanism and the effects of the compound extracts of Caprifoliaceae and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi on intestinal health remain unclear. From the perspective of intestinal microbes, this study assessed the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and intestinal protective properties of Caprifoliaceae and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. Mice received diets with or without Caprifoliaceae and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi extractive (BCA) for 2 weeks in this study. The results showed that BCA increased body weight gain, feed intake, and catalase (CAT) content in the mice but reduced γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) content in the serum (p < 0.05). BCA improved the Sobs, Chao, and Ace indices, as well as the number of Campylobacterota, Patercibacteria, and Desulfobacterota in the colon microbiota, while it decreased the Firmicutes phylum (p < 0.05). At the genus level, BCA increased Candidatus_Saccharimonas, Helicobacter, unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae, Alistipes, norank_f_norank_o_Clostridia_vadinBB60_group, norank_f_Ruminococcaceae, unclassified_f_Ruminococcaceae, etc. abundance (p < 0.05), but it significantly decreased Lactobacillus and Lachnospiraceae_UCG_001 abundance (p < 0.05). Moreover, BCA improved the concentration of acetic acid, butyric acid, propionic acid, valeric acid, and isovaleric acid and diminished the concentration of isobutyric acid (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis shows that the changes in short-chain fatty acids and antioxidant and inflammatory indices in the serum were significantly correlated with the BCA-enriched microbiota. This study supplemented a database for the application of Caprifoliaceae and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi in clinical and animal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunfen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiyuan Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Centre Biology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Xueying Cai
- Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanlong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruqing Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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12
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Yang J, Su T, Zhang Y, Jia M, Yin X, Lang Y, Cui L. A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study investigating the causal role between gut microbiota and insomnia. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1277996. [PMID: 38145126 PMCID: PMC10740168 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1277996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It has emerged that disturbances of the gut microbiota (GM) are linked to insomnia. However, the causality of the observed associations remains uncertain. Methods We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis based on genome-wide association study data to explore the possible causal link between GM and insomnia. The GM data were from the MiBioGen consortium, while the summary statistics of insomnia were obtained from the FinnGen consortium R9 release data. Cochran's Q statistics were used to analyze instrumental variable heterogeneity. Results According to the inverse variance weighted estimates, the family Ruminococcaceae (odds ratio = 1.494, 95% confidence interval:1.004-2.223, p = 0.047) and the genus Lachnospiraceae (odds ratio = 1.726, 95% confidence interval: 1.191-2.501, p = 0.004) play a role in insomnia risk. In contrast, the genus Flavonifractor (odds ratio = 0.596, 95% confidence interval: 0.374-0.952, p = 0.030) and the genus Olsenella (odds ratio = 0.808, 95% confidence interval: 0.666-0.980, p = 0.031) tended to protect against insomnia. According to the reverse MR analysis, insomnia can also alter GM composition. Instrumental variables were neither heterogeneous nor horizontal pleiotropic. Conclusion In conclusion, our Mendelian randomization study provides evidence of a causal relationship between GM and insomnia. The identified GM may be promising gut biomarkers and new therapeutic targets for insomnia. This investigation also provides a foundation for future studies examining the influence of GM on sleep disorders beyond insomnia, with potential implications for redefining the mechanisms governing sleep regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tengfei Su
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yating Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Menghan Jia
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiang Yin
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yue Lang
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Cui
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Choi KJ, Yoon MY, Kim JE, Yoon SS. Gut commensal Kineothrix alysoides mitigates liver dysfunction by restoring lipid metabolism and gut microbial balance. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14668. [PMID: 37674003 PMCID: PMC10482948 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41160-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously known as Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, is a widespread liver condition characterized by excessive fat buildup in hepatocytes without significant alcohol consumption. Manipulation of the gut microbiome has been considered to prevent and improve the occurrence and progression of MASLD, particularly through the gut-liver axis. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the gut microbiome and liver function and determine whether the gut microbiome can ameliorate MASLD. We comparatively analyzed the gut microbiome composition between mice fed normal chow and those fed a high-fat diet and observed that the abundance of Kineothrix alysoides decreased in the high-fat group. Further analysis showed that treatment with K. alysoides in the high-fat diet group led to decreased weight loss, and MASLD attenuation. Importantly, K. alysoides treatment attenuated MASLD in mice fed a high-fat, high-fructose diet (HFHF), which can cause advanced liver damage. Furthermore, administration of K. alysoides altered the gut microbial composition in the HFHF diet group and improved MASLD. Overall, these findings demonstrate the potential of K. alysoides in restoring gut health and facilitating lipid metabolism to prevent and treat MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Jin Choi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi Young Yoon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
- Institute of Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Sang Sun Yoon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
- Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
- Institute of Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
- BioMe Inc., Seoul, South Korea.
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14
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Wei X, Leng X, Li G, Wang R, Chi L, Sun D. Advances in research on the effectiveness and mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine formulas for colitis-associated colorectal cancer. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1120672. [PMID: 36909166 PMCID: PMC9995472 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1120672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can progress into colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) through the inflammation-cancer sequence. Although the mechanism of carcinogenesis in IBD has not been fully elucidated, the existing research indicates that CAC may represent a fundamentally different pathogenesis pattern of colorectal cancer. At present, there is no proven safe and effective medication to prevent IBD cancer. In recent years, Chinese medicine extracts and Chinese medicine monomers have been the subject of numerous articles about the prevention and treatment of CAC, but their clinical application is still relatively limited. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formulas are widely applied in clinical practice. TCM formulas have demonstrated great potential in the prevention and treatment of CAC in recent years, although there is still a lack of review. Our work aimed to summarize the effects and potential mechanisms of TCM formulas for the prevention and treatment of CAC, point out the issues and limitations of the current research, and provide recommendations for the advancement of CAC research in the future. We discovered that TCM formulas regulated many malignant biological processes, such as inflammation-mediated oxidative stress, apoptosis, tumor microenvironment, and intestinal microecology imbalance in CAC, through a review of the articles published in databases such as PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Embase, and CNKI. Several major signal transduction pathways, including NF-κB, STAT3, Wnt/β-catenin, HIF-1α, and Nrf2, were engaged. TCM formula may be a promising treatment candidate to control the colitis-cancer transformation, however further high-quality research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiunan Wei
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaohui Leng
- Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Gongyi Li
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ruting Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lili Chi
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Dajuan Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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