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Dahmani I, Qin K, Zhang Y, Fernie AR. The formation and function of plant metabolons. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 114:1080-1092. [PMID: 36906885 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Metabolons are temporary structural-functional complexes of sequential enzymes of a metabolic pathway that are distinct from stable multi-enzyme complexes. Here we provide a brief history of the study of enzyme-enzyme assemblies with a particular focus on those that mediate substrate channeling in plants. Large numbers of protein complexes have been proposed for both primary and secondary metabolic pathways in plants. However, to date only four substrate channels have been demonstrated. We provide an overview of current knowledge concerning these four metabolons and explain the methodologies that are currently being applied to unravel their functions. Although the assembly of metabolons has been documented to arise through diverse mechanisms, the physical interaction within the characterized plant metabolons all appear to be driven by interaction with structural elements of the cell. We therefore pose the question as to what methodologies could be brought to bear to enhance our knowledge of plant metabolons that assemble via different mechanisms? In addressing this question, we review recent findings in non-plant systems concerning liquid droplet phase separation and enzyme chemotaxis and propose strategies via which such metabolons could be identified in plants. We additionally discuss the possibilities that could be opened up by novel approaches based on: (i) subcellular-level mass spectral imaging, (ii) proteomics, and (iii) emergent methods in structural and computational biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Dahmani
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Kezhen Qin
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Center of Plant System Biology and Biotechnology, 4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Center of Plant System Biology and Biotechnology, 4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Wang JQ, He ZC, Peng W, Han TH, Mei Q, Wang QZ, Ding F. Dissecting the Enantioselective Neurotoxicity of Isocarbophos: Chiral Insight from Cellular, Molecular, and Computational Investigations. Chem Res Toxicol 2023; 36:535-551. [PMID: 36799861 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Chiral organophosphorus pollutants are found abundantly in the environment, but the neurotoxicity risks of these asymmetric chemicals to human health have not been fully assessed. Using cellular, molecular, and computational toxicology methods, this story is to explore the static and dynamic toxic actions and its stereoselective differences of chiral isocarbophos toward SH-SY5Y nerve cells mediated by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and further dissect the microscopic basis of enantioselective neurotoxicity. Cell-based assays indicate that chiral isocarbophos exhibits strong enantioselectivity in the inhibition of the survival rates of SH-SY5Y cells and the intracellular AChE activity, and the cytotoxicity of (S)-isocarbophos is significantly greater than that of (R)-isocarbophos. The inhibitory effects of isocarbophos enantiomers on the intracellular AChE activity are dose-dependent, and the half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of (R)-/(S)-isocarbophos are 6.179/1.753 μM, respectively. Molecular experiments explain the results of cellular assays, namely, the stereoselective toxic actions of isocarbophos enantiomers on SH-SY5Y cells are stemmed from the differences in bioaffinities between isocarbophos enantiomers and neuronal AChE. In the meantime, the modes of neurotoxic actions display that the key amino acid residues formed strong noncovalent interactions are obviously different, which are related closely to the molecular structural rigidity of chiral isocarbophos and the conformational dynamics and flexibility of the substrate binding domain in neuronal AChE. Still, we observed that the stable "sandwich-type π-π stacking" fashioned between isocarbophos enantiomers and aromatic Trp-86 and Tyr-337 residues is crucial, which notably reduces the van der Waals' contribution (ΔGvdW) in the AChE-(S)-isocarbophos complexes and induces the disparities in free energies during the enantioselective neurotoxic conjugations and thus elucidating that (S)-isocarbophos mediated by synaptic AChE has a strong toxic effect on SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. Clearly, this effort can provide experimental insights for evaluating the neurotoxicity risks of human exposure to chiral organophosphates from macroscopic to microscopic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Wang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Zhi-Cong He
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Wei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Tian-Hao Han
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
- School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qiong Mei
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
- School of Land Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Qi-Zhao Wang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Fei Ding
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
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Terrier O, Si-Tahar M, Ducatez M, Chevalier C, Pizzorno A, Le Goffic R, Crépin T, Simon G, Naffakh N. Influenza viruses and coronaviruses: Knowns, unknowns, and common research challenges. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1010106. [PMID: 34969061 PMCID: PMC8718010 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of safe and effective vaccines in a record time after the emergence of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a remarkable achievement, partly based on the experience gained from multiple viral outbreaks in the past decades. However, the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis also revealed weaknesses in the global pandemic response and large gaps that remain in our knowledge of the biology of coronaviruses (CoVs) and influenza viruses, the 2 major respiratory viruses with pandemic potential. Here, we review current knowns and unknowns of influenza viruses and CoVs, and we highlight common research challenges they pose in 3 areas: the mechanisms of viral emergence and adaptation to humans, the physiological and molecular determinants of disease severity, and the development of control strategies. We outline multidisciplinary approaches and technological innovations that need to be harnessed in order to improve preparedeness to the next pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Terrier
- CNRS GDR2073 ResaFlu, Groupement de Recherche sur les Virus Influenza, France
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (Team VirPath), Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Mustapha Si-Tahar
- CNRS GDR2073 ResaFlu, Groupement de Recherche sur les Virus Influenza, France
- Inserm U1100, Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (CEPR), Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Mariette Ducatez
- CNRS GDR2073 ResaFlu, Groupement de Recherche sur les Virus Influenza, France
- IHAP, UMR1225, Université de Toulouse, ENVT, INRAE, Toulouse, France
| | - Christophe Chevalier
- CNRS GDR2073 ResaFlu, Groupement de Recherche sur les Virus Influenza, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, VIM, Equipe Virus Influenza, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Andrés Pizzorno
- CNRS GDR2073 ResaFlu, Groupement de Recherche sur les Virus Influenza, France
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (Team VirPath), Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Ronan Le Goffic
- CNRS GDR2073 ResaFlu, Groupement de Recherche sur les Virus Influenza, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, VIM, Equipe Virus Influenza, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Thibaut Crépin
- CNRS GDR2073 ResaFlu, Groupement de Recherche sur les Virus Influenza, France
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Gaëlle Simon
- CNRS GDR2073 ResaFlu, Groupement de Recherche sur les Virus Influenza, France
- Swine Virology Immunology Unit, Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, ANSES, Ploufragan, France
| | - Nadia Naffakh
- CNRS GDR2073 ResaFlu, Groupement de Recherche sur les Virus Influenza, France
- RNA Biology and Influenza Virus Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR3569, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Introduction to emerging technologies in plant science. Emerg Top Life Sci 2021; 5:177-178. [PMID: 34027975 DOI: 10.1042/etls20200269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, an array of new technologies is propelling plant science in exciting directions and facilitating the integration of data across multiple scales. These tools come at a critical time. With an expanding global population and the need to provide food in sustainable ways, we as a civilization will be asking more of plants and plant biologists than ever before. This special issue on emerging technologies in plant science brings together a set of reviews that spotlight a range of approaches that are changing how we ask questions and allow scientific inquiry from macromolecular to ecosystem scales.
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