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Lisk C, Mische Lawson L, Sugiura B, Humpherys D, Rao G. Exploring Play Interactions of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders and Their Pets. OTJR-OCCUPATION PARTICIPATION AND HEALTH 2024; 44:179-186. [PMID: 37485604 DOI: 10.1177/15394492231188311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this secondary qualitative analysis was to explore the play interactions of children with autism (n = 10) and their pets in the home environment. Researchers coded 115 minutes of video of children playing with their pets at home and transcripts from eight caregiver interviews. Thematic analysis revealed six codes which represented three themes, including children with ASD play with pets in a variety of ways, playing with pets supports child development, and playing with pets yields benefits for children with ASD. Findings suggest playing with pets may be beneficial for developing responsibility and social skills of children with ASD, particularly in how they interact with animals. Future research should examine perspectives of families who do not own or who have relinquished pets and perspectives of adults with ASD to better understand positive and negative aspects of pet play.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gabbi Rao
- University of Kansas Medical Center, USA
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Diseases That Occur Prior to Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Identification of Predisposing and Risk Factors Using Lag Sequential Analysis. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:9733712. [PMID: 35368939 PMCID: PMC8975635 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9733712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) has many predisposing/risk factors. Lag sequential analysis (LSA) is a method of analyzing sequential patterns and their associations within categorical data in different system states. The results of this study will assist in preventing sICH and improving the patient outcome after sICH. The correlations between a first sICH and previous clinic visits were examined using LSA with data obtained from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). In this study, LSA was employed to examine the data in the Taiwan NHIRD in order to identify predisposing and risk factors related to sICH, and the results increased our knowledge of the temporal relationships between diseases. This study employed LSA to identify predisposing/risk factors prior to the first occurrence of sICH using a healthcare administrative database in Taiwan. The data were managed using the clinical classification software (CCS). All cases of traumatic ICH were excluded. Ten disease groups were identified using CCS. Hypertension and dizziness/vertigo were identified as two important predisposing/risk factors for sICH, and early treatment of hypertension resulted in a greater survival rate. Five disease groups were found to have occurred prior to other diseases and affected mostly the elderly, resulting in subsequent sICH. The results of this study also showed that nutritional status and tooth health were highly associated with the occurrence of sICH owing to a poor state of the digestive system. In conclusion, there are many diseases that influence the risk of a subsequent sICH. This study demonstrated that LSA is a very useful tool for future study of healthcare administrative databases.
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Sparapani N, Reinhardt VP, Hooker JL, Morgan L, Schatschneider C, Wetherby AM. Evaluating Teacher Language Within General and Special Education Classrooms Serving Elementary Students with Autism. J Autism Dev Disord 2021; 52:2284-2299. [PMID: 34106392 PMCID: PMC9021085 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05115-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
This study examined how teachers and paraprofessionals in 126 kindergarten-second grade general and special education classrooms talked with their 194 students with autism, and further, how individual student characteristics in language, autism symptoms, and social abilities influenced this talk. Using systematic observational methods and factor analysis, we identified a unidimensional model of teacher language for general and special education classrooms yet observed differences between the settings, with more language observed in special education classrooms—much of which included directives and close-ended questions. Students’ receptive vocabulary explained a significant amount of variance in teacher language beyond its shared covariance with social impairment and problem behavior in general education classrooms but was non-significant within special education classrooms. Research implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Sparapani
- School of Education and the MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA. .,Autism Institute, College of Medicine, Florida State University, 2312 Killearn Center Boulevard, Building A, Tallahassee, FL, 32309-3524, USA.
| | - Vanessa P Reinhardt
- , Ontario, Canada.,Autism Institute, College of Medicine, Florida State University, 2312 Killearn Center Boulevard, Building A, Tallahassee, FL, 32309-3524, USA
| | - Jessica L Hooker
- Autism Institute, College of Medicine, Florida State University, 2312 Killearn Center Boulevard, Building A, Tallahassee, FL, 32309-3524, USA
| | - Lindee Morgan
- Autism Institute, College of Medicine, Florida State University, 2312 Killearn Center Boulevard, Building A, Tallahassee, FL, 32309-3524, USA.,Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, 1920 Briarcliff Road, Atlanta, GA, 30329-4010, USA
| | - Christopher Schatschneider
- Department of Psychology, Florida Center for Reading Research, Florida State University, 2010 Levy Avenue, Suite 100, Tallahassee, FL, 32320, USA
| | - Amy M Wetherby
- Autism Institute, College of Medicine, Florida State University, 2312 Killearn Center Boulevard, Building A, Tallahassee, FL, 32309-3524, USA
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