1
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Ruggiero G, Ruotolo F, Nunziata S, Abagnale S, Iachini T, Bartolo A. Spatial representations of objects used away and towards the body: The effect of near and far space. Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) 2024:17470218241235161. [PMID: 38356182 DOI: 10.1177/17470218241235161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
An action with an object can be accomplished only if we encode the position of the object with respect to our body (i.e., egocentrically) and/or to another element in the environment (i.e., allocentrically). However, some actions with the objects are directed towards our body, such as brushing our teeth, and others away from the body, such as writing. Objects can be near the body, that is within arm reaching, or far from the body, that is outside arm reaching. The aim of this study was to verify if the direction of use of the objects influences the way we represent their position in both near and far space. Objects typically used towards (TB) or away from the body (AB) were presented in near or far space and participants had to judge whether an object was closer to them (i.e., egocentric judgement) or closer to another object (i.e., allocentric judgement). Results showed that egocentric judgements on TB objects were more accurate in near than in far space. Moreover, allocentric judgements on AB objects were less accurate than egocentric judgements in near space but not in far space. These results are discussed with respect to the different roles that visuo-motor and visuo-spatial mechanisms play in near space and far space, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Ruggiero
- Laboratory of Cognitive Science and Immersive Virtual Reality, CS-IVR, Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Francesco Ruotolo
- Laboratory of Cognitive Science and Immersive Virtual Reality, CS-IVR, Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Scila Nunziata
- Laboratory of Cognitive Science and Immersive Virtual Reality, CS-IVR, Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 9193-SCALab-Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, Lille, France
| | - Simona Abagnale
- Laboratory of Cognitive Science and Immersive Virtual Reality, CS-IVR, Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 9193-SCALab-Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, Lille, France
| | - Tina Iachini
- Laboratory of Cognitive Science and Immersive Virtual Reality, CS-IVR, Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Angela Bartolo
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 9193-SCALab-Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, Lille, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
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2
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Song L, Wang P, Li H, Weiss PH, Fink GR, Zhou X, Chen Q. Increased functional connectivity between the auditory cortex and the frontoparietal network compensates for impaired visuomotor transformation after early auditory deprivation. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:11126-11145. [PMID: 37814363 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Early auditory deprivation leads to a reorganization of large-scale brain networks involving and extending beyond the auditory system. It has been documented that visuomotor transformation is impaired after early deafness, associated with a hyper-crosstalk between the task-critical frontoparietal network and the default-mode network. However, it remains unknown whether and how the reorganized large-scale brain networks involving the auditory cortex contribute to impaired visuomotor transformation after early deafness. Here, we asked deaf and early hard of hearing participants and normal hearing controls to judge the spatial location of a visual target. Compared with normal hearing controls, the superior temporal gyrus showed significantly increased functional connectivity with the frontoparietal network and the default-mode network in deaf and early hard of hearing participants, specifically during egocentric judgments. However, increased superior temporal gyrus-frontoparietal network and superior temporal gyrus-default-mode network coupling showed antagonistic effects on egocentric judgments. In deaf and early hard of hearing participants, increased superior temporal gyrus-frontoparietal network connectivity was associated with improved egocentric judgments, whereas increased superior temporal gyrus-default-mode network connectivity was associated with deteriorated performance in the egocentric task. Therefore, the data suggest that the auditory cortex exhibits compensatory neuroplasticity (i.e. increased functional connectivity with the task-critical frontoparietal network) to mitigate impaired visuomotor transformation after early auditory deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Song
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application and School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application and School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application and School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Peter H Weiss
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, Jülich 52428, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne University, Cologne 509737, Germany
| | - Gereon R Fink
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, Jülich 52428, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne University, Cologne 509737, Germany
| | - Xiaolin Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application and School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, Jülich 52428, Germany
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3
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Mora L, Gonzalez Alted C, Cocchini G. The flubbed body: Pathological body size representation in personal neglect. Neuropsychologia 2023; 183:108522. [PMID: 36863608 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Personal Neglect (PN) is a disorder in which patients fail to attend or explore the contralateral side of their body. An increasing number of studies have considered PN as a form of body representation disorder frequently observed following damage to parietal areas. The extent and the direction of the body misrepresentation is still unclear with recent studies suggesting a general reduction of contralesional hand size. However, little is known about the specificity of this representation and whether the misrepresentation also generalises to other body parts. We explored the features of the representation of the hands and face in a group of 9 right brain damaged patients with (PN+) and without PN (PN-), when compared to a healthy control group. For this, we used a body size estimation task with pictures, in which patients were required to choose the one that most closely matched the perceived size of their body part. We found that PN + patients showed a labile body representation for both hands and face, having a larger distorted representational range. Interestingly, in comparison with PN + patients and healthy controls, PN- patients also showed misrepresentation of the left contralesional hand which could be related to impaired motor performance of their upper limb. Our findings are discussed within a theoretical framework suggesting a reliance on multisensory integration (body representation, ownership, and motor influences) for an ordered representation of the size of the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mora
- Goldsmiths University of London, London, UK.
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4
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Hadi Z, Mahmud M, Pondeca Y, Calzolari E, Chepisheva M, Smith RM, Rust HM, Sharp DJ, Seemungal BM. The human brain networks mediating the vestibular sensation of self-motion. J Neurol Sci 2022; 443:120458. [PMID: 36332321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Vestibular Agnosia - where peripheral vestibular activation triggers the usual reflex nystagmus response but with attenuated or no self-motion perception - is found in brain disease with disrupted cortical network functioning, e.g. traumatic brain injury (TBI) or neurodegeneration (Parkinson's Disease). Patients with acute focal hemispheric lesions (e.g. stroke) do not manifest vestibular agnosia. Thus, brain network mapping techniques, e.g. resting state functional MRI (rsfMRI), are needed to interrogate functional brain networks mediating vestibular agnosia. Hence, we prospectively recruited 39 acute TBI patients with preserved peripheral vestibular function and obtained self-motion perceptual thresholds during passive yaw rotations in the dark and additionally acquired whole-brain rsfMRI in the acute phase. Following quality-control checks, 26 patient scans were analyzed. Using self-motion perceptual thresholds from a matched healthy control group, 11 acute TBI patients were classified as having vestibular agnosia versus 15 with normal self-motion perception thresholds. Using independent component analysis on the rsfMRI data, we found altered functional connectivity in bilateral lingual gyrus and temporo-occipital fusiform cortex in the vestibular agnosia patients. Moreover, regions of interest analyses showed both inter-hemispheric and intra-hemispheric network disruption in vestibular agnosia. In conclusion, our results show that vestibular agnosia is mediated by bilateral anterior and posterior network dysfunction and reveal the distributed brain mechanisms mediating vestibular self-motion perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaeem Hadi
- Centre for Vestibular Neurology, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK.
| | - Mohammad Mahmud
- Centre for Vestibular Neurology, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Yuscah Pondeca
- Centre for Vestibular Neurology, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Elena Calzolari
- Centre for Vestibular Neurology, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Mariya Chepisheva
- Centre for Vestibular Neurology, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Rebecca M Smith
- Centre for Vestibular Neurology, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Heiko M Rust
- Centre for Vestibular Neurology, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK; Neurology, Universitätsspital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - David J Sharp
- Computational, Cognitive and Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Barry M Seemungal
- Centre for Vestibular Neurology, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK.
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5
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Beyond the Dorsal Column Medial Lemniscus in Proprioception and Stroke: A White Matter Investigation. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12121651. [PMID: 36552111 PMCID: PMC9775186 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12121651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Proprioceptive deficits are common following stroke, yet the white matter involved in proprioception is poorly understood. Evidence suggests that multiple cortical regions are involved in proprioception, each connected by major white matter tracts, namely: Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus (branches I, II and III), Arcuate Fasciculus and Middle Longitudinal Fasciculus (SLF I, SLF II, SLF III, AF and MdLF respectively). However, direct evidence on the involvement of these tracts in proprioception is lacking. Diffusion imaging was used to investigate the proprioceptive role of the SLF I, SLF II, SLF III, AF and MdLF in 26 participants with stroke, and seven control participants without stroke. Proprioception was assessed using a robotic Arm Position Matching (APM) task, performed in a Kinarm Exoskeleton robotic device. Lesions impacting each tract resulted in worse APM task performance. Lower Fractional Anisotropy (FA) was also associated with poorer APM task performance for the SLF II, III, AF and MdLF. Finally, connectivity data surrounding the cortical regions connected by each tract accurately predicted APM task impairments post-stroke. This study highlights the importance of major cortico-cortical white matter tracts, particularly the SLF III and AF, for accurate proprioception after stroke. It advances our understanding of the white matter tracts responsible for proprioception.
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6
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Shahab QS, Young IM, Dadario NB, Tanglay O, Nicholas PJ, Lin YH, Fonseka RD, Yeung JT, Bai MY, Teo C, Doyen S, Sughrue ME. A connectivity model of the anatomic substrates underlying Gerstmann syndrome. Brain Commun 2022; 4:fcac140. [PMID: 35706977 PMCID: PMC9189613 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Gerstmann syndrome is a constellation of neurological deficits that include agraphia, acalculia, left–right discrimination and finger agnosia. Despite a growing interest in this clinical phenomenon, there remains controversy regarding the specific neuroanatomic substrates involved. Advancements in data-driven, computational modelling provides an opportunity to create a unified cortical model with greater anatomic precision based on underlying structural and functional connectivity across complex cognitive domains. A literature search was conducted for healthy task-based functional MRI and PET studies for the four cognitive domains underlying Gerstmann’s tetrad using the electronic databases PubMed, Medline, and BrainMap Sleuth (2.4). Coordinate-based, meta-analytic software was utilized to gather relevant regions of interest from included studies to create an activation likelihood estimation (ALE) map for each cognitive domain. Machine-learning was used to match activated regions of the ALE to the corresponding parcel from the cortical parcellation scheme previously published under the Human Connectome Project (HCP). Diffusion spectrum imaging-based tractography was performed to determine the structural connectivity between relevant parcels in each domain on 51 healthy subjects from the HCP database. Ultimately 102 functional MRI studies met our inclusion criteria. A frontoparietal network was found to be involved in the four cognitive domains: calculation, writing, finger gnosis, and left–right orientation. There were three parcels in the left hemisphere, where the ALE of at least three cognitive domains were found to be overlapping, specifically the anterior intraparietal area, area 7 postcentral (7PC) and the medial intraparietal sulcus. These parcels surround the anteromedial portion of the intraparietal sulcus. Area 7PC was found to be involved in all four domains. These regions were extensively connected in the intraparietal sulcus, as well as with a number of surrounding large-scale brain networks involved in higher-order functions. We present a tractographic model of the four neural networks involved in the functions which are impaired in Gerstmann syndrome. We identified a ‘Gerstmann Core’ of extensively connected functional regions where at least three of the four networks overlap. These results provide clinically actionable and precise anatomic information which may help guide clinical translation in this region, such as during resective brain surgery in or near the intraparietal sulcus, and provides an empiric basis for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qazi S. Shahab
- University of New South Wales School of Medicine, , 2052, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Nicholas B. Dadario
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School , New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States of America
| | - Onur Tanglay
- Omniscient Neurotechnology , Sydney, 2000, Australia
| | | | - Yueh-Hsin Lin
- Prince of Wales Private Hospital Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, , Randwick, 2031, Australia
| | - R. Dineth Fonseka
- Prince of Wales Private Hospital Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, , Randwick, 2031, Australia
| | - Jacky T. Yeung
- Prince of Wales Private Hospital Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, , Randwick, 2031, Australia
| | - Michael Y. Bai
- Prince of Wales Private Hospital Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, , Randwick, 2031, Australia
| | - Charles Teo
- Prince of Wales Private Hospital Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, , Randwick, 2031, Australia
| | | | - Michael E. Sughrue
- Omniscient Neurotechnology , Sydney, 2000, Australia
- Prince of Wales Private Hospital Centre for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, , Randwick, 2031, Australia
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7
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The Neural Bases of Egocentric Spatial Representation for Extracorporeal and Corporeal Tasks: An fMRI Study. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11080963. [PMID: 34439582 PMCID: PMC8394366 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11080963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Humans use reference frames to elaborate the spatial representations needed for all space-oriented behaviors such as postural control, walking, or grasping. We investigated the neural bases of two egocentric tasks: the extracorporeal subjective straight-ahead task (SSA) and the corporeal subjective longitudinal body plane task (SLB) in healthy participants using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). This work was an ancillary part of a study involving stroke patients. (2) Methods: Seventeen healthy participants underwent a 3T fMRI examination. During the SSA, participants had to divide the extracorporeal space into two equal parts. During the SLB, they had to divide their body along the midsagittal plane. (3) Results: Both tasks elicited a parieto-occipital network encompassing the superior and inferior parietal lobules and lateral occipital cortex, with a right hemispheric dominance. Additionally, the SLB > SSA contrast revealed activations of the left angular and premotor cortices. These areas, involved in attention and motor imagery suggest a greater complexity of corporeal processes engaging body representation. (4) Conclusions: This was the first fMRI study to explore the SLB-related activity and its complementarity with the SSA. Our results pave the way for the exploration of spatial cognitive impairment in patients.
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8
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Tani K, Tanaka S. Neuroanatomical correlates of the perception of body axis orientation during body tilt: a voxel-based morphometry study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14659. [PMID: 34282178 PMCID: PMC8289860 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93961-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate perception of the orientations of the body axis and gravity is essential for actions. The ability to perceive these orientations during head and body tilt varies across individuals, and its underlying neural basis is unknown. To address this, we investigated the association between inter-individual differences in local gray matter (GM) volume and inter-individual differences in the ability to estimate the directions of body longitudinal axis or gravity during whole-body tilt using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis in 50 healthy adults (20–46 years, 25 men and 25 women). Although no anatomical regions were identified relating to performance requiring estimates of gravitational direction, we found a significant correlation between the GM volume in the right middle occipital gyrus and the ability to estimate the body axis orientation. This finding provides the first evidence on neuroanatomical substrates of the perception of body axis orientation during body tilt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Tani
- Laboratory of Psychology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan. .,Faculty of Psychology, Otemon Gakuin University, 2-1-15 Nishi-Ai , Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-8502, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Tanaka
- Laboratory of Psychology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
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9
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Albajara Sáenz A, Villemonteix T, Van Schuerbeek P, Baijot S, Septier M, Defresne P, Delvenne V, Passeri G, Raeymaekers H, Victoor L, Willaye E, Peigneux P, Deconinck N, Massat I. Motor Abnormalities in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder Are Associated With Regional Grey Matter Volumes. Front Neurol 2021; 12:666980. [PMID: 34017307 PMCID: PMC8129495 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.666980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are associated with motor impairments, with some children holding a comorbid diagnosis of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). However, DCD is underdiagnosed in these populations and the volume abnormalities that contribute to explaining these motor impairments are poorly understood. In this study, motor abilities as measured by the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ) were compared between children with ADHD, children with ASD and typically developing (TD) children, aged 8–12 years old. Additionally, the association between the DCDQ scores (general coordination, fine motor/handwriting, control during movement, total) and regional volume abnormalities were explored in 6 regions of interest (pre-central gyrus, post-central gyrus, inferior parietal cortex, superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, medial frontal gyrus), within each group and across all participants. Children with ASD and children with ADHD showed impaired motor abilities in all the DCDQ-derived scores compared to TD children. Additionally, most children with ASD or ADHD had an indication or suspicion of DCD. Within the ASD group, coordination abilities were associated with the volume of the right medial frontal gyrus, and within the ADHD group, the total DCDQ score was associated with the volume of the right superior frontal gyrus. This study underlines the importance of routinely checking motor abilities in populations with ASD or ADHD in clinical practise and contributes to the understanding of structural abnormalities subtending motor impairments in these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Albajara Sáenz
- Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group (UR2NF) at the Centre for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thomas Villemonteix
- Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group (UR2NF) at the Centre for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Paris 8 Vincennes - St Denis University, Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Neuropsychologie, Saint Denis, France
| | | | - Simon Baijot
- Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group (UR2NF) at the Centre for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mathilde Septier
- Hôpital Universitaire Robert Debré, Paris, France.,Institut de Psychiatrie et de Neurosciences de Paris Inserm U894 Team 1, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Defresne
- Fondation SUSA (Service Universitaire Spéécialisé pour personnes avec Autisme), Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Véronique Delvenne
- Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gianfranco Passeri
- Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hubert Raeymaekers
- Department of Radiology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurent Victoor
- PsyPluriel, Centre Européen de Psychologie Médicale, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eric Willaye
- Fondation SUSA (Service Universitaire Spéécialisé pour personnes avec Autisme), Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Philippe Peigneux
- Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group (UR2NF) at the Centre for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Deconinck
- Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Massat
- Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group (UR2NF) at the Centre for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,National Fund of Scientific Research, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Neurology, Erasme Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
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10
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Derbie AY, Chau BKH, Wong CHY, Chen LD, Ting KH, Lam BYH, Lee TMC, Chan CCH, Smith Y. Common and distinct neural trends of allocentric and egocentric spatial coding: An ALE meta-analysis. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 53:3672-3687. [PMID: 33880818 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The uniqueness of neural processes between allocentric and egocentric spatial coding has been controversial. The distinctive paradigms used in previous studies for manipulating spatial coding could have attributed for the inconsistent results. This study was aimed to generate converging evidence from previous functional brain imaging experiments for collating neural substrates associated with these two types of spatial coding. An additional aim was to test whether test-taking processes would have influenced the results. We obtained coordinate-based functional neuroimaging data for 447 subjects and performed activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis. Among the 28 experiments, the results indicate two common clusters of convergence. They were the right precuneus and the right superior frontal gyrus as parts of the parieto-frontal circuit. Between-type differences were in the parieto-occipital circuit, with allocentric showing convergence in the superior occipital gyrus (SOG) cluster compared with egocentric showing convergence in the middle occipital gyrus (MOG) cluster. Task-specific influences were only found in allocentric spatial coding. Spatial judgment-oriented tasks seem to increase the demands on manipulating spatial relationships among the visual objects, while spatial navigation tasks seem to increase the demands on maintaining object representations. Our findings address the theoretical controversies on spatial coding that both the allocentric and egocentric types are common in their processes mediated by the parieto-frontal network, while unique and additional processes in the allocentric type are mediated by the parieto-occipital network. The positive results on possible task-specific confound offer insights into the future design of spatial tasks for eliciting spatial coding processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiot Y Derbie
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Psychology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Bolton K H Chau
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Clive H Y Wong
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li-Dian Chen
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kin-Hung Ting
- University Research Facility in Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bess Y H Lam
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tatia M C Lee
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chetwyn C H Chan
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.,University Research Facility in Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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11
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Maggio MG, Naro A, Manuli A, Maresca G, Balletta T, Latella D, De Luca R, Calabrò RS. Effects of Robotic Neurorehabilitation on Body Representation in Individuals with Stroke: A Preliminary Study Focusing on an EEG-Based Approach. Brain Topogr 2021; 34:348-362. [PMID: 33661430 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-021-00825-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Patients with stroke can experience a drastic change in their body representation (BR), beyond the physical and psychological consequences of stroke itself. Noteworthy, the misperception of BR could affect patients' motor performance even more. Our study aimed at evaluating the usefulness of a robot-aided gait training (RAGT) equipped with augmented visuomotor feedback, expected to target BR (RAGT + VR) in improving lower limb sensorimotor function, gait performance (using Fugl-Meyer Assessment scale for lower extremities, FMA-LE), and BR (using the Body Esteem Scale-BES- and the Body Uneasiness Test-BUT), as compared to RAGT - VR. We also assessed the neurophysiologic basis putatively subtending the BR-based motor function recovery, using EEG recording during RAGT. Forty-five patients with stroke were enrolled in this study and randomized with a 1:2 ratio into either the RAGT + VR (n = 30) or the RAGT - VR (n = 15) group. The former group carried out rehabilitation training with the Lokomat©Pro; whereas, the latter used the Lokomat©Nanos. The rehabilitation protocol consisted of 40 one-hour training sessions. At the end of the training, the RAGT + VR improved in FMA-LE (p < 0.001) and BR (as per BES, (p < 0.001), and BUT, (p < 0.001)) more than the RAGT- did (p < 0.001). These differences in clinical outcomes were paralleled by a greater strengthening of visuomotor connectivity and corticomotor excitability (as detected at the EEG analyses) in the RAGT + VR than in the RAGT - VR (all comparisons p < 0.001), corresponding to an improved motor programming and execution in the former group.We may argue that BR recovery was important concerning functional motor improvement by its integration with the motor control system. This likely occurred through the activation of the Mirror Neuron System secondary to the visuomotor feedback provision, resembling virtual reality. Last, our data further confirm the important role of visuomotor feedback in post-stroke rehabilitation, which can achieve better patient-tailored improvement in functional gait by means of RAGT + VR targeting BR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Maggio
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo - Piemonte, via Palermo, SS113, Ctr. Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonino Naro
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo - Piemonte, via Palermo, SS113, Ctr. Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy
| | - Alfredo Manuli
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo - Piemonte, via Palermo, SS113, Ctr. Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Maresca
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo - Piemonte, via Palermo, SS113, Ctr. Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy
| | - Tina Balletta
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo - Piemonte, via Palermo, SS113, Ctr. Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy
| | - Desirèe Latella
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo - Piemonte, via Palermo, SS113, Ctr. Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy
| | - Rosaria De Luca
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo - Piemonte, via Palermo, SS113, Ctr. Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy
| | - Rocco Salvatore Calabrò
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo - Piemonte, via Palermo, SS113, Ctr. Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy.
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12
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Derbie AY, Chau B, Lam B, Fang YH, Ting KH, Wong CYH, Tao J, Chen LD, Chan CCH. Cortical Hemodynamic Response Associated with Spatial Coding: A Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study. Brain Topogr 2021; 34:207-220. [PMID: 33484379 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-021-00821-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Allocentric and egocentric are two types of spatial coding. Previous studies reported the dorsal attention network's involvement in both types. To eliminate possible paradigm-specific confounds in the results, this study employed fine-grained cue-to-target paradigm to dissociate allocentric (aSC) and egocentric (eSC) spatial coding. Twenty-two participants completed a custom visuospatial task, and changes in the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin (O2-Hb) were recorded using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator-regularized principal component (LASSO-RPC) algorithm was used to identify cortical sites that predicted the aSC and eSC conditions' reaction times. Significant changes in O2-Hb concentration in the right inferior parietal lobule (IPL) and post-central gyrus regions were common in both aSC and eSC. Results of inter-channel correlations further substantiate cortical activities in both conditions were predominantly over the right parieto-frontal areas. Together with right superior frontal gyrus areas be the reaction time neural correlates, the results suggest top-down attention and response-mapping processes are common to both spatial coding types. Changes unique to aSC were in clusters over the right intraparietal sulcus, right temporo-parietal junction, and left IPL. With the left pre-central gyrus region, be the reaction time neural correlate, aSC is likely to involve more orienting attention, updating of spatial information, and object-based response selection and inhibition than eSC. Future studies will use other visuospatial task designs for testing the robustness of the findings on spatial coding processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiot Y Derbie
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Psychology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Bolton Chau
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bess Lam
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yun-Hua Fang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kin-Hung Ting
- University Research Facility in Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Clive Y H Wong
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jing Tao
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Li-Dian Chen
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chetwyn C H Chan
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
- University Research Facility in Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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13
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Caggiano P, Veronelli L, Mora L, Arduino LS, Corbo M, Cocchini G. The downsized hand in personal neglect. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2020; 42:1072-1084. [PMID: 33203298 DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2020.1843603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Personal neglect (PN) refers to a form of hemi-inattention toward the contralesional body space and it usually occurs following a right brain lesion. Recent studies suggest that PN indicates a disorder of body representation. Specifically, patients with PN show difficulties in identifying differences between left and right hands and have an altered visuospatial body map, which is associated with disrupted mental body representations. However, the metric representation of the body, and in particular the hands, has not been systematically addressed in patients showing this form of neglect. Method: In the present study, we have investigated this representation by testing the perceived hands' width of 11 hemiplegic patients with right hemisphere cerebral lesions (5 with PN) and 12 healthy controls on a judgment of passability task. Patients and controls were asked to imagine inserting their hand (left and right) through a series of vertical apertures of different sizes and to judge whether their hand could fit through. Due to the heterogeneity of the data, both parametric and non-parametric approaches were used. Furthermore, additional single-case analyses were conducted. Results: Study findings showed that patients with PN showed a significant underestimation of the left hand compared with their right hand. In contrast, whilst the right hand was equally distorted in both patients' groups, the hemiplegic patients with no evidence of PN tended to perceive the affected hand as larger than their ipsilesional one. Conclusions: In line with the literature, our findings confirm an underlying distorted body representation following right brain damage. However, for the first time, we report both a quantitative and qualitative difference in impact of hemiplegia and PN on body representation of the contralesional body space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Caggiano
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths University of London , London, UK
| | - Laura Veronelli
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa di Cura del Policlinico , Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Mora
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths University of London , London, UK
| | - Lisa S Arduino
- Department of Human Sciences, Lumsa University , Roma, Italy
| | - Massimo Corbo
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa di Cura del Policlinico , Milano, Italy
| | - Gianna Cocchini
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths University of London , London, UK
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14
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Ruggiero G, Ruotolo F, Orti R, Rauso B, Iachini T. Egocentric metric representations in peripersonal space: A bridge between motor resources and spatial memory. Br J Psychol 2020; 112:433-454. [PMID: 32710656 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Research on visuospatial memory has shown that egocentric (subject-to-object) and allocentric (object-to-object) reference frames are connected to categorical (non-metric) and coordinate (metric) spatial relations, and that motor resources are recruited especially when processing spatial information in peripersonal (within arm reaching) than extrapersonal (outside arm reaching) space. In order to perform our daily-life activities, these spatial components cooperate along a continuum from recognition-related (e.g., recognizing stimuli) to action-related (e.g., reaching stimuli) purposes. Therefore, it is possible that some types of spatial representations rely more on action/motor processes than others. Here, we explored the role of motor resources in the combinations of these visuospatial memory components. A motor interference paradigm was adopted in which participants had their arms bent behind their back or free during a spatial memory task. This task consisted in memorizing triads of objects and then verbally judging what was the object: (1) closest to/farthest from the participant (egocentric coordinate); (2) to the right/left of the participant (egocentric categorical); (3) closest to/farthest from a target object (allocentric coordinate); and (4) on the right/left of a target object (allocentric categorical). The triads appeared in participants' peripersonal (Experiment 1) or extrapersonal (Experiment 2) space. The results of Experiment 1 showed that motor interference selectively damaged egocentric-coordinate judgements but not the other spatial combinations. The results of Experiment 2 showed that the interference effect disappeared when the objects were in the extrapersonal space. A third follow-up study using a within-subject design confirmed the overall pattern of results. Our findings provide evidence that motor resources play an important role in the combination of coordinate spatial relations and egocentric representations in peripersonal space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Ruggiero
- Laboratory of Cognitive Science and Immersive Virtual Reality, CS-IVR, Department of Psychology, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Francesco Ruotolo
- Laboratory of Cognitive Science and Immersive Virtual Reality, CS-IVR, Department of Psychology, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Renato Orti
- Laboratory of Cognitive Science and Immersive Virtual Reality, CS-IVR, Department of Psychology, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Barbara Rauso
- Laboratory of Cognitive Science and Immersive Virtual Reality, CS-IVR, Department of Psychology, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Tina Iachini
- Laboratory of Cognitive Science and Immersive Virtual Reality, CS-IVR, Department of Psychology, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
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15
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Kalyvas A, Koutsarnakis C, Komaitis S, Karavasilis E, Christidi F, Skandalakis GP, Liouta E, Papakonstantinou O, Kelekis N, Duffau H, Stranjalis G. Mapping the human middle longitudinal fasciculus through a focused anatomo-imaging study: shifting the paradigm of its segmentation and connectivity pattern. Brain Struct Funct 2019; 225:85-119. [PMID: 31773331 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-019-01987-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Τhe middle longitudinal fasciculus (MdLF) was initially identified in humans as a discrete subcortical pathway connecting the superior temporal gyrus (STG) to the angular gyrus (AG). Further anatomo-imaging studies, however, proposed more sophisticated but conflicting connectivity patterns and have created a vague perception on its functional anatomy. Our aim was, therefore, to investigate the ambiguous structural architecture of this tract through focused cadaveric dissections augmented by a tailored DTI protocol in healthy participants from the Human Connectome dataset. Three segments and connectivity patterns were consistently recorded: the MdLF-I, connecting the dorsolateral Temporal Pole (TP) and STG to the Superior Parietal Lobule/Precuneus, through the Heschl's gyrus; the MdLF-II, connecting the dorsolateral TP and the STG with the Parieto-occipital area through the posterior transverse gyri and the MdLF-III connecting the most anterior part of the TP to the posterior border of the occipital lobe through the AG. The lack of an established termination pattern to the AG and the fact that no significant leftward asymmetry is disclosed tend to shift the paradigm away from language function. Conversely, the theory of "where" and "what" auditory pathways, the essential relationship of the MdLF with the auditory cortex and the functional role of the cortical areas implicated in its connectivity tend to shift the paradigm towards auditory function. Allegedly, the MdLF-I and MdLF-II segments could underpin the perception of auditory representations; whereas, the MdLF-III could potentially subserve the integration of auditory and visual information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristotelis Kalyvas
- Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece.,Department of Neurosurgery, Evangelismos Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Department of Anatomy, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Koutsarnakis
- Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Evangelismos Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. .,Department of Anatomy, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Spyridon Komaitis
- Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece.,Department of Neurosurgery, Evangelismos Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Department of Anatomy, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstratios Karavasilis
- Second Department of Radiology, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Foteini Christidi
- First Department of Neurology, Aeginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios P Skandalakis
- Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece.,Department of Anatomy, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Liouta
- Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece.,Hellenic Center for Neurosurgical Research, "PetrosKokkalis", Athens, Greece
| | - Olympia Papakonstantinou
- Second Department of Radiology, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kelekis
- Second Department of Radiology, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Hugues Duffau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Montpellier University Medical Center, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - George Stranjalis
- Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece.,Department of Neurosurgery, Evangelismos Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Hellenic Center for Neurosurgical Research, "PetrosKokkalis", Athens, Greece
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16
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Ruotolo F, Ruggiero G, Raemaekers M, Iachini T, van der Ham I, Fracasso A, Postma A. Neural correlates of egocentric and allocentric frames of reference combined with metric and non-metric spatial relations. Neuroscience 2019; 409:235-252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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17
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Abstract
A review of patients with brain injury showing personal neglect is presented. The aim is to shed light on this aspect of neglect often unresearched or only indirectly investigated, and to discuss recent findings concerning the methods used to assess personal neglect, its neural correlates and its association with the more often explored aspect of extrapersonal neglect. The review was performed using PubMed and PsychInfo databases to search for papers published in the last 123 years (until January 2018). We reviewed 81 papers describing either single or group studies for a total of 2247 patients. The results of this review showed that various aspects of personal neglect are still controversial and outcomes potentially contradictory. Despite the data reported in the present review suggest that personal neglect is more frequently associated with lesions of the right hemisphere, the left hemisphere may also play an important role. Not surprisingly, personal neglect and extrapersonal neglect seem to co-occur. However double dissociations of these two forms of neglect have been reported, and they seem to dissociate both from a functional and an anatomical perspective. More recent interpretations of personal neglect suggest that it may result from a disrupted body representation. The development of reliable psychometric tools with shared diagnostic criteria is essential to identify different degrees of personal neglect for different body parts and to better refine personal neglect in comparison to extrapersonal neglect and disorders related to distortions of personal domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Caggiano
- Psychology Department, Goldsmiths University of London, New Cross, London, SE14 6NW, UK.
| | - Mervi Jehkonen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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18
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Yiannakas A, Rosenblum K. The Insula and Taste Learning. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:335. [PMID: 29163022 PMCID: PMC5676397 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The sense of taste is a key component of the sensory machinery, enabling the evaluation of both the safety as well as forming associations regarding the nutritional value of ingestible substances. Indicative of the salience of the modality, taste conditioning can be achieved in rodents upon a single pairing of a tastant with a chemical stimulus inducing malaise. This robust associative learning paradigm has been heavily linked with activity within the insular cortex (IC), among other regions, such as the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex. A number of studies have demonstrated taste memory formation to be dependent on protein synthesis at the IC and to correlate with the induction of signaling cascades involved in synaptic plasticity. Taste learning has been shown to require the differential involvement of dopaminergic GABAergic, glutamatergic, muscarinic neurotransmission across an extended taste learning circuit. The subsequent activation of downstream protein kinases (ERK, CaMKII), transcription factors (CREB, Elk-1) and immediate early genes (c-fos, Arc), has been implicated in the regulation of the different phases of taste learning. This review discusses the relevant neurotransmission, molecular signaling pathways and genetic markers involved in novel and aversive taste learning, with a particular focus on the IC. Imaging and other studies in humans have implicated the IC in the pathophysiology of a number of cognitive disorders. We conclude that the IC participates in circuit-wide computations that modulate the interception and encoding of sensory information, as well as the formation of subjective internal representations that control the expression of motivated behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adonis Yiannakas
- Sagol Department of Neuroscience, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Kobi Rosenblum
- Sagol Department of Neuroscience, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- Center for Gene Manipulation in the Brain, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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19
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Cortical networks for reference-frame processing are shared by language and spatial navigation systems. Neuroimage 2017; 161:120-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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20
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Colombo D, Serino S, Tuena C, Pedroli E, Dakanalis A, Cipresso P, Riva G. Egocentric and allocentric spatial reference frames in aging: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 80:605-621. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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21
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Razmus M. Body representation in patients after vascular brain injuries. Cogn Process 2017; 18:359-373. [PMID: 28852890 PMCID: PMC5688204 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-017-0831-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Neuropsychological literature suggests that body representation is a multidimensional concept consisting of various types of representations. Previous studies have demonstrated dissociations between three types of body representation specified by the kind of data and processes, i.e. body schema, body structural description, and body semantics. The aim of the study was to describe the state of body representation in patients after vascular brain injuries and to provide evidence for the different types of body representation. The question about correlations between body representation deficits and neuropsychological dysfunctions was also investigated. Fifty patients after strokes and 50 control individuals participated in the study. They were examined with tasks referring to dynamic representation of body parts positions, topological body map, and lexical and semantic knowledge about the body. Data analysis showed that vascular brain injuries result in deficits of body representation, which may co-occur with cognitive dysfunctions, but the latter are a possible risk factor for body representation deficits rather than sufficient or imperative requisites for them. The study suggests that types of body representation may be separated on the basis not only of their content, but also of their relation with self. Principal component analysis revealed three factors, which explained over 66% of results variance. The factors, which may be interpreted as types or dimensions of mental model of a body, represent different degrees of connection with self. The results indicate another possibility of body representation types classification, which should be verified in future research.
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22
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Zhou Y, Li B, Wang G, Zhang M, Pan Y. Leftward Deviation and Asymmetric Speed of Egocentric Judgment between Left and Right Visual Fields. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:364. [PMID: 28713234 PMCID: PMC5491647 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The egocentric reference frame is essential for body orientation and spatial localization of external objects. Recent neuroimaging and lesion studies have revealed that the right hemisphere of humans may play a more dominant role in processing egocentric information than the left hemisphere. However, previous studies of egocentric discrimination mainly focused on assessing the accuracy of egocentric judgment, leaving its timing unexplored. In addition, most previous studies never monitored the subjects' eye position during the experiments, so the influence of eye position on egocentric judgment could not be excluded. In the present study, we systematically assessed the processing of egocentric information in healthy human subjects by measuring the location of their visual subjective straight ahead (SSA) and their manual reaction time (RT) during fixation (monitored by eye tracker). In an egocentric discrimination task, subjects were required to judge the position of a visual cue relative to the subjective mid-sagittal plane and respond as quickly as possible. We found that the SSA of all subjects deviated to the left side of the body mid-sagittal plane. In addition, all subjects but one showed the longest RT at the location closest to the SSA; and in population, the RTs in the left visual field (VF) were longer than that in the right VF. These results might be due to the right hemisphere's dominant role in processing egocentric information, and its more prominent representation of the ipsilateral VF than that of the left hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- Department of Neurology, the First Clinical College of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Bing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Clinical College of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Mingsha Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Yujun Pan
- Department of Neurology, the First Clinical College of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
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23
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Liu N, Li H, Su W, Chen Q. Common and specific neural correlates underlying the spatial congruency effect induced by the egocentric and allocentric reference frame. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:2112-2127. [PMID: 28054740 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The spatial location of an object can be represented in two frames of reference: egocentric (relative to the observer's body or body parts) and allocentric (relative to another object independent of the observer). The object positions relative to the two frames can be either congruent (e.g., both left or both right) or incongruent (e.g., one left and one right). Most of the previous studies, however, did not discriminate between the two types of spatial conflicts. To investigate the common and specific neural mechanisms underlying the spatial congruency effect induced by the two reference frames, we adopted a 3 (type of task: allocentric, egocentric, and color) × 2 (spatial congruency: congruent vs. incongruent) within-subject design in this fMRI study. The spatial congruency effect in the allocentric task was induced by the task-irrelevant egocentric representations, and vice versa in the egocentric task. The nonspatial color task was introduced to control for the differences in bottom-up stimuli between the congruent and incongruent conditions. Behaviorally, significant spatial congruency effect was revealed in both the egocentric and allocentric task. Neurally, the dorsal-medial visuoparietal stream was commonly involved in the spatial congruency effect induced by the task-irrelevant egocentric and allocentric representations. The right superior parietal cortex and the right precentral gyrus were specifically involved in the spatial congruency effect induced by the irrelevant egocentric and allocentric representations, respectively. Taken together, these results suggested that different subregions in the parieto-frontal network played different functional roles in the spatial interaction between the egocentric and allocentric reference frame. Hum Brain Mapp 38:2112-2127, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Liu
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application and School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application and School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Wen Su
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application and School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application and School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.,Epilepsy Center, Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, 510510, China
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Di Vita A, Palermo L, Piccardi L, Di Tella J, Propato F, Guariglia C. Body representation alterations in personal but not in extrapersonal neglect patients. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-ADULT 2016; 24:308-317. [DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2016.1174866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Di Vita
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Neuropsychology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Liana Palermo
- Neuropsychology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
- School of Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Laura Piccardi
- Neuropsychology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, L'Aquila University, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Jessica Di Tella
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Filomena Propato
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Guariglia
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Neuropsychology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Modulation of hand motor-related area during motor imagery and motor execution before and after middle 2/5 of the MS6 line scalp acupuncture stimulation: An fMRI study. Brain Cogn 2016; 103:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Salvato G, Gandola M, Veronelli L, Agostoni EC, Sberna M, Corbo M, Bottini G. The spatial side of somatoparaphrenia: a case study. Neurocase 2016; 22:154-60. [PMID: 26273743 DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2015.1077257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The perception of the bodily self in space is a composite cognitive function requiring a dynamic integrated brain mechanism. Somatoparaphrenia (SP), a delusional belief concerning the experienced disownership for the contralesional paralyzed arm, represents the disruption of such mechanism. In two experiments, we have investigated the alteration of limb disownership after spatial manipulations in a right-brain-damaged patient affected by chronic SP. In experiment 1 the patient's spatial attention was switched between the left and right sides of space. SP signs worsened when the patient was interviewed from the left compared to the right bedside. In the second experiment we showed the first systematic transient remission of SP using left caloric vestibular stimulation (CVS), a physiologic manipulation mainly acting on the spatial frame of reference. Taken together, these results shed further light on the spatial nuance of SP and on the importance of vestibular signals for the generation of a coherent body representation. Furthermore, our case study demonstrated the possibility of eliciting more severe SP signs if the patient is interviewed from the left bedside. Additionally, CVS applications may have an important impact on the rehabilitation of these symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Salvato
- a Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences , University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy.,b Milan Center for Neuroscience , Milan , Italy.,c Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit , Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital , Milan , Italy
| | - Martina Gandola
- a Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences , University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy.,b Milan Center for Neuroscience , Milan , Italy.,c Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit , Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital , Milan , Italy
| | - Laura Veronelli
- d Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences , Casa Cura Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| | - Elio Clemente Agostoni
- c Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit , Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital , Milan , Italy
| | - Maurizio Sberna
- e Neuroradiology Department , Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital , Milan , Italy
| | - Massimo Corbo
- d Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences , Casa Cura Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| | - Gabriella Bottini
- a Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences , University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy.,b Milan Center for Neuroscience , Milan , Italy.,c Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit , Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital , Milan , Italy
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Ben-Shabat E, Matyas TA, Pell GS, Brodtmann A, Carey LM. The Right Supramarginal Gyrus Is Important for Proprioception in Healthy and Stroke-Affected Participants: A Functional MRI Study. Front Neurol 2015; 6:248. [PMID: 26696951 PMCID: PMC4668288 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2015.00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Human proprioception is essential for motor control, yet its central processing is still debated. Previous studies of passive movements and illusory vibration have reported inconsistent activation patterns related to proprioception, particularly in high-order sensorimotor cortices. We investigated brain activation specific to proprioception, its laterality, and changes following stroke. Twelve healthy and three stroke-affected individuals with proprioceptive deficits participated. Proprioception was assessed clinically with the Wrist Position Sense Test, and participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning. An event-related study design was used, where each proprioceptive stimulus of passive wrist movement was followed by a motor response of mirror -copying with the other wrist. Left (LWP) and right (RWP) wrist proprioception were tested separately. Laterality indices (LIs) were calculated for the main cortical regions activated during proprioception. We found proprioception-related brain activation in high-order sensorimotor cortices in healthy participants especially in the supramarginal gyrus (SMG LWP z = 4.51, RWP z = 4.24) and the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd LWP z = 4.10, RWP z = 3.93). Right hemispheric dominance was observed in the SMG (LI LWP mean 0.41, SD 0.22; RWP 0.29, SD 0.20), and to a lesser degree in the PMd (LI LWP 0.34, SD 0.17; RWP 0.13, SD 0.25). In stroke-affected participants, the main difference in proprioception-related brain activation was reduced laterality in the right SMG. Our findings indicate that the SMG and PMd play a key role in proprioception probably due to their role in spatial processing and motor control, respectively. The findings from stroke--affected individuals suggest that decreased right SMG function may be associated with decreased proprioception. We recommend that clinicians pay particular attention to the assessment and rehabilitation of proprioception following right hemispheric lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ettie Ben-Shabat
- Neurorehabilitation and Recovery, Stroke, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , Melbourne, VIC , Australia ; Occupational Therapy, School of Allied Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University , Melbourne, VIC , Australia
| | - Thomas A Matyas
- Neurorehabilitation and Recovery, Stroke, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , Melbourne, VIC , Australia ; Occupational Therapy, School of Allied Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University , Melbourne, VIC , Australia
| | - Gaby S Pell
- Neurorehabilitation and Recovery, Stroke, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , Melbourne, VIC , Australia
| | - Amy Brodtmann
- Neurorehabilitation and Recovery, Stroke, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , Melbourne, VIC , Australia
| | - Leeanne M Carey
- Neurorehabilitation and Recovery, Stroke, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , Melbourne, VIC , Australia ; Occupational Therapy, School of Allied Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University , Melbourne, VIC , Australia
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Yoshida T, Mori T, Yamazaki K, Sonobe N, Shimizu H, Matsumoto T, Kikuchi K, Miyagawa M, Mochizuki T, Ueno SI. Relationship between regional cerebral blood flow and neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia with Lewy bodies. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2015; 30:1068-75. [PMID: 25694273 DOI: 10.1002/gps.4263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This aim of this study was to examine the mechanisms underlying the neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia with Lewy bodies by investigating regional cerebral blood flow. METHODS Participants were 27 patients who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for probable dementia with Lewy bodies. All subjects underwent single-photon emission computed tomography scans using technetium-99 m hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime. Neuropsychiatric symptoms were evaluated by neuropsychiatric inventory. Multiple regression analyses using neuropsychiatric inventory and voxel-based analyses of covariance of the regional cerebral blood flow images between subjects with or without each neuropsychiatric symptom were performed. Additionally, similar voxel-based analyses of covariance between subjects with each neuropsychiatric symptom and normal subjects were performed. RESULTS There were no significant correlations in any psychiatric symptoms in multiple regression analyses. All subjects had hallucination but none had euphoria. We analyzed eight neuropsychiatric symptom scores with the exception of hallucination and euphoria using voxel-based analyses of covariance. Significant differences of regional cerebral blood flow were shown in groups with agitation, disinhibition, and irritability. Subjects with agitation showed hypoperfusion in the parietal lobule, the precuneus, and the angular gyrus, and hyperperfusion in the fusiform gyrus, the lingual gyrus, and the thalamus. Subjects with disinhibition showed hypoperfusion in the left frontal gyrus. Subjects with irritability showed hyperperfusion in the right frontal gyrus. There were no significant differences in regional cerebral blood flow between subjects with any neuropsychiatric symptoms and normal subjects. CONCLUSION This study reveals that dysfunction of specific brain regions is associated with various neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia with Lewy bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Yoshida
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takaaki Mori
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kiyohiro Yamazaki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Naomi Sonobe
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hideaki Shimizu
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Teruhisa Matsumoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Keiichi Kikuchi
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Masao Miyagawa
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Teruhito Mochizuki
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shu-ichi Ueno
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
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Disentangling the neural mechanisms involved in Hinduism- and Buddhism-related meditations. Brain Cogn 2014; 90:32-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2014.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Memari AH, Ghanouni P, Shayestehfar M, Ghaheri B. Postural control impairments in individuals with autism spectrum disorder: a critical review of current literature. Asian J Sports Med 2014; 5:e22963. [PMID: 25520765 PMCID: PMC4267489 DOI: 10.5812/asjsm.22963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Motor impairments in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been frequently reported. In this review, we narrow our focus on postural control impairments to summarize current literature for patterns, underlying mechanisms, and determinants of posture in this population. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A literature search was conducted through Medline, ISI web of Knowledge, Scopus and Google Scholar to include studies between 1992 and February 2013. RESULTS Individuals with ASD have problems in maintaining postural control in infancy that well persists into later years. However, the patterns and underlying mechanisms are still unclear. CONCLUSIONS Examining postural control as an endophenotype or early diagnostic marker of autism is a conceptual premise which should be considered in future investigations. At the end of the review, methodological recommendations on the assessment of postural control have also been provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Memari
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Amir Hossein Memari, Sports Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98-2188630227, Fax: +98-2188003539, E-mail:
| | - Parisa Ghanouni
- Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Monir Shayestehfar
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Banafsheh Ghaheri
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, IR Iran
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Ebisch SJH, Mantini D, Northoff G, Salone A, De Berardis D, Ferri F, Ferro FM, Di Giannantonio M, Romani GL, Gallese V. Altered brain long-range functional interactions underlying the link between aberrant self-experience and self-other relationship in first-episode schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2014; 40:1072-82. [PMID: 24191160 PMCID: PMC4133668 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbt153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Self-experience anomalies are elementary features of schizophrenic pathology. Such deficits can have a profound impact on self-other relationship, but how they are related through aberrant brain function remains poorly understood. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we provide new evidence for a cortical link between aberrant self-experience and social cognition in first-episode schizophrenia (FES). As identified in previous studies, ventral premotor cortex (vPMC) and posterior insula (pIC) are candidate brain regions underlying disturbances in both self-experience and self-other relationship due to their processing of predominantly externally guided (vPMC; goal-oriented behavior) and internally guided (pIC; interoception) stimuli. Results from functional interaction analysis in a sample of 24 FES patients and 22 healthy controls show aberrant functional interactions (background/intrinsic connectivity) of right vPMC and bilateral pIC with posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), a midline region that has been shown central in mediating self-experience. More specifically, our results show increased functional coupling between vPMC and PCC, which positively correlated with basic symptoms (subjective self-experience disturbances). pIC showed reduced functional coupling with PCC and postcentral gyrus and increased functional interactions with anterior insula. Taken together, our results suggest an imbalance in the processing between internally and externally guided information and its abnormal integration with self-referential processing as mediated by PCC. Due to our correlation findings, we suggest this imbalance to be closely related to basic symptoms in FES and thus anomalous self-experience. The findings further disentangle the cortical basis of how self-experience anomalies may pervade the social domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjoerd J H Ebisch
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy; Institute of Advanced Biomedical Technologies, G. d'Annunzio Foundation, Chieti, Italy;
| | - Dante Mantini
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Georg Northoff
- Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Anatolia Salone
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy; Institute of Psychiatry, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Domenico De Berardis
- National Health Service, Department of Mental Health, Psychiatric Service of Diagnosis and Treatment and Hospital "G. Mazzini," ASL 4, Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferri
- Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Filippo M Ferro
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy; Institute of Psychiatry, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Massimo Di Giannantonio
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy; Institute of Psychiatry, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Gian L Romani
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy; Institute of Advanced Biomedical Technologies, G. d'Annunzio Foundation, Chieti, Italy
| | - Vittorio Gallese
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Physiology, Parma University, Parma, Italy; Italian Institute of Technology, Brain Center for Social and Motor Cognition, Parma, Italy
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Thakkar KN, Peterman JS, Park S. Altered brain activation during action imitation and observation in schizophrenia: a translational approach to investigating social dysfunction in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 2014; 171:539-48. [PMID: 24626638 PMCID: PMC4578626 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.13040498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Social impairments are a key feature of schizophrenia, but their underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Imitation, a process through which we understand the minds of others, involves the so-called mirror neuron system, a network comprising the inferior parietal lobe, inferior frontal gyrus, and posterior superior temporal sulcus. The authors examined mirror neuron system function in schizophrenia. METHOD Sixteen medicated schizophrenia patients and 16 healthy comparison subjects performed an action imitation/observation task during functional MRI. Participants saw a video of a moving hand or spatial cue and were instructed to either execute finger movements associated with the stimulus or simply observe. Activation in the mirror neuron system was measured during imitative versus nonimitative actions and observation of a moving hand versus a moving spatial cue. These contrasts were compared across groups. RESULTS Activation in the mirror neuron system was less specific for imitation in schizophrenia. Relative to healthy subjects, patients had reduced activity in the posterior superior temporal sulcus during imitation and greater activity in the posterior superior temporal sulcus and inferior parietal lobe during nonimitative action. Patients also showed reduced activity in these regions during action observation. Mirror neuron system activation was related to symptom severity and social functioning in patients and to schizotypal syndrome in comparison subjects. CONCLUSIONS Given the role of the inferior parietal lobe and posterior superior temporal sulcus in imitation and social cognition, impaired imitative ability in schizophrenia may stem from faulty perception of biological motion and transformations from perception to action. These findings extend our understanding of social dysfunction in schizophrenia.
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Body representations and brain damage. Neurophysiol Clin 2014; 44:59-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2013.10.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Saj A, Cojan Y, Musel B, Honoré J, Borel L, Vuilleumier P. Functional neuro-anatomy of egocentric versus allocentric space representation. Neurophysiol Clin 2013; 44:33-40. [PMID: 24502903 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2013.10.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The functional neuroanatomy of the egocentric and allocentric representations of space remains poorly studied with neuroimaging. Here we aim to determine brain structures subserving two different kinds of spatial representations centred on the main axis of either the body or the external scene. METHOD Sixteen healthy participants evaluated the alignment of a bar relative to the middle of their body (Ego) or relative to another stimulus (Allo) during functional MRI. In a control task (Ctrl), they had to judge the colour of the bar. RESULTS Correct response rates and response times were similar in the three tasks. fMRI data revealed a predominant role of the right hemisphere in the egocentric task (Ego vs. Allo): selective activity was found in the occipital, superior parietal, and inferior frontal cortices, as well as in the precuneus and supplementary motor area. On the left side, the insula, thalamus, and cerebellum were also activated. Conversely, the allocentric task (Allo vs. Ctrl) showed selective activity centred on the left temporal gyrus. DISCUSSION This study demonstrates a right hemisphere dominance for representations centred on the longitudinal body axis, but more left-sided activity for scene/object-centred representations of space. These new data shed light on the unique role of several regions involved in spatial perception and help better understand spatial deficits in patients with right hemispheric lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Saj
- University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; University of Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, Neurology and Cognitive Imaging Laboratory, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Y Cojan
- University of Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, Neurology and Cognitive Imaging Laboratory, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - B Musel
- University of Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, Neurology and Cognitive Imaging Laboratory, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Honoré
- University of "Nord de France" and CNRS, Lille, France
| | - L Borel
- Aix-Marseille University and CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - P Vuilleumier
- University of Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, Neurology and Cognitive Imaging Laboratory, Geneva, Switzerland
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Rousseaux M, Sauer A, Saj A, Bernati T, Honoré J. Mislocalization of tactile stimuli applied to the trunk in spatial neglect. Cortex 2013; 49:2607-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2013.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2012] [Revised: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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How are the motor system activity and functional connectivity between the cognitive and sensorimotor systems modulated by athletic expertise? Brain Res 2013; 1540:21-41. [PMID: 24099840 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Expertise offers a unique insight into how our brain functions. The purpose of this experiment was to determine if motor system activity and functional connectivity between the cognitive system and sensorimotor system is differentially modulated by an individual's level of expertise. This goal was achieved through the acquisition of functional neuroimaging data in 10 expert volleyball players and 10 novice individuals who were presented with a series of sentences describing possible technical volleyball-specific motor acts and acts that cannot be performed as positive ("Do …!") or negative ("Don't …") commands, while they were silently reading them and deciding whether the actions were technically feasible or not. Compared with novices, experts' activity in the left primary motor cortex hand area (M1) and in the left premotor cortex (Pm) was decreased by impossible actions presented as positive commands. Sensorimotor activation in response to action-related stimuli is not that automatic as held since we found that these areas were deactivated during the task, and their functional connectivity to the primary visual cortex was strengthened for possible actions presented as positive commands, reflecting the neural processes underlying the interaction between motor and visual imagery. These results suggest that the neural activity within the key areas implicitly triggered by motor simulation is a function of the expertise, action feasibility, and context.
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Halko MA, Connors EC, Sánchez J, Merabet LB. Real world navigation independence in the early blind correlates with differential brain activity associated with virtual navigation. Hum Brain Mapp 2013; 35:2768-78. [PMID: 24027192 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Navigating is a complex cognitive task that places high demands on spatial abilities, particularly in the absence of sight. Significant advances have been made in identifying the neural correlates associated with various aspects of this skill; however, how the brain is able to navigate in the absence of visual experience remains poorly understood. Furthermore, how neural network activity relates to the wide variability in navigational independence and skill in the blind population is also unknown. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated the neural correlates of audio-based navigation within a large scale, indoor virtual environment in early profoundly blind participants with differing levels of spatial navigation independence (assessed by the Santa Barbara Sense of Direction scale). Performing path integration tasks in the virtual environment was associated with activation within areas of a core network implicated in navigation. Furthermore, we found a positive relationship between Santa Barbara Sense of Direction scores and activation within right temporal parietal junction during the planning and execution phases of the task. These findings suggest that differential navigational ability in the blind may be related to the utilization of different brain network structures. Further characterization of the factors that influence network activity may have important implications regarding how this skill is taught in the blind community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Halko
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Chao CC, Karabanov AN, Paine R, Carolina de Campos A, Kukke SN, Wu T, Wang H, Hallett M. Induction of motor associative plasticity in the posterior parietal cortex-primary motor network. Cereb Cortex 2013; 25:365-73. [PMID: 23968834 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bht230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There is anatomical and functional connectivity between the primary motor cortex (M1) and posterior parietal cortex (PPC) that plays a role in sensorimotor integration. In this study, we applied corticocortical paired-associative stimuli to ipsilateral PPC and M1 (parietal ccPAS) in healthy right-handed subjects to test if this procedure could modulate M1 excitability and PPC-M1 connectivity. One hundred and eighty paired transcranial magnetic stimuli to the PPC and M1 at an interstimulus interval (ISI) of 8 ms were delivered at 0.2 Hz. We found that parietal ccPAS in the left hemisphere increased the excitability of conditioned left M1 assessed by motor evoked potentials (MEPs) and the input-output curve. Motor behavior assessed by the Purdue pegboard task was unchanged compared with controls. At baseline, conditioning stimuli over the left PPC potentiated MEPs from left M1 when ISI was 8 ms. This interaction significantly attenuated at 60 min after left parietal ccPAS. Additional experiments showed that parietal ccPAS induced plasticity was timing-dependent, was absent if ISI was 100 ms, and could also be seen in the right hemisphere. Our results suggest that parietal ccPAS can modulate M1 excitability and PPC-M1 connectivity and is a new approach to modify motor excitability and sensorimotor interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chao Chao
- Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke, Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Anke Ninija Karabanov
- Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke, Danish Research Center for Magnetic Resonance, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre DK-2650, Denmark, Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark and
| | - Rainer Paine
- Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke
| | - Ana Carolina de Campos
- Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke
| | - Sahana N Kukke
- Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke
| | - Tianxia Wu
- Centre for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Han Wang
- Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke, Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mark Hallett
- Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke
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Lithfous S, Dufour A, Després O. Spatial navigation in normal aging and the prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease: insights from imaging and behavioral studies. Ageing Res Rev 2013; 12:201-13. [PMID: 22771718 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2012.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Revised: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Normal aging and mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) are associated with declines in navigational skills, including allocentric and egocentric representations, cognitive mapping, landmark processing, and spatial memory. These changes, however, are associated with different patterns of structural and functional alterations in the neural network of navigation. In AD, these changes occur in the hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, parietal lobe, retrosplenial cortex, prefrontal cortex, and caudate nucleus, whereas in aging, modifications occur mainly in the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus. The navigation abilities of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have been found to show different performance patterns, depending on their cognitive profiles. Since patients with MCI do not uniformly develop dementia of the Alzheimer type, it is important to identify reliable early cognitive markers of conversion to AD dementia. In this review, we propose that navigation deficits may help distinguish patients at higher risk of developing AD dementia from individuals with normal cognitive aging and those with other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ségolène Lithfous
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie & Neurosciences Cognitives, UMR CNRS - Université de Strasbourg, France.
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Ng THB, Sowman PF, Brock J, Johnson BW. Neuromagnetic brain activity associated with anticipatory postural adjustments for bimanual load lifting. Neuroimage 2012; 66:343-52. [PMID: 23108270 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Revised: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
During bimanual load lifting, the brain must anticipate the effects of unloading upon the load-bearing arm. Little is currently known about the neural networks that coordinate these anticipatory postural adjustments. We measured neuromagnetic brain activity with whole-head magnetoencephalography while participants performed a bimanual load-lifting task. Anticipatory adjustments were associated with reduction in biceps brachii muscle activity of the load-bearing arm and pre-movement desynchronization of the cortical beta rhythm. Beamforming analyses localized anticipatory brain activity to the precentral gyrus, basal ganglia, supplementary motor area, and thalamus, contralateral to the load-bearing arm. To our knowledge this is the first human neuroimaging study to directly investigate anticipatory postural adjustments and to explicitly partition the anticipatory and volitional aspects of brain activity in bimanual load lifting. These data contribute to our understanding of the neural systems supporting anticipatory postural adjustments in healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommy H B Ng
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Cognition and Its Disorders, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia; Division of Psychology, Nanyang Technological University School of Humanities & Social Sciences, HSS-04-26, 14 Nanyang Drive, 637332, Singapore.
| | - Paul F Sowman
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Cognition and Its Disorders, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Jon Brock
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Cognition and Its Disorders, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Blake W Johnson
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Cognition and Its Disorders, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia
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Kim JJ, Ku J, Lee H, Choi SH, Kim IY. Distinct neural responses used to gain insight into hallucinatory perception in patients with schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res 2012; 46:1318-25. [PMID: 22770670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Most patients with schizophrenia suffer from various types of hallucinations, which commonly produce distress, functional disability or behavioral dyscontrol. The neural process of adapting to hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia remains unknown. METHODS Functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) responses to an unusual threatening visual stimulus designed to simulate a hallucinatory experience were compared between 16 patients with schizophrenia and 17 healthy controls. Linear and quadratic repetition-variant as well as repetition-invariant responses to the stimulus were compared between the two groups. RESULTS Repetition-invariant responses were similar between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. Patients with schizophrenia exhibited a linear activation pattern in the anterior cingulate, whereas healthy controls exhibited a parabolic activation pattern in the anterior prefrontal cortex, occipito-temporal junction and amygdala. CONCLUSIONS These results provide us with a better understanding of the neural processes involved in gaining insight into unreality. Patients with schizophrenia may use a salience-related region instead of reality monitoring-related regions to react to the unusual stimuli, and this peculiarity of the neural processes may be related to vulnerability to psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Jin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Pritchett LM, Carnevale MJ, Harris LR. Reference frames for coding touch location depend on the task. Exp Brain Res 2012; 222:437-45. [PMID: 22941315 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-012-3231-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The position of gaze (eye plus head position) relative to body is known to alter the perceived locations of sensory targets. This effect suggests that perceptual space is at least partially coded in a gaze-centered reference frame. However, the direction of the effects reported has not been consistent. Here, we investigate the cause of a discrepancy between reported directions of shift in tactile localization related to head position. We demonstrate that head eccentricity can cause errors in touch localization in either the same or opposite direction as the head is turned depending on the procedure used. When head position is held eccentric during both the presentation of a touch and the response, there is a shift in the direction opposite to the head. When the head is returned to center before reporting, the shift is in the same direction as head eccentricity. We rule out a number of possible explanations for the difference and conclude that when the head is moved between a touch and response the touch is coded in a predominantly gaze-centered reference frame, whereas when the head remains stationary a predominantly body-centered reference frame is used. The mechanism underlying these displacements in perceived location is proposed to involve an underestimated gaze signal. We propose a model demonstrating how this single neural error could cause localization errors in either direction depending on whether the gaze or body midline is used as a reference. This model may be useful in explaining gaze-related localization errors in other modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Pritchett
- Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Schaefer M, Heinze HJ, Rotte M. Close to you: embodied simulation for peripersonal space in primary somatosensory cortex. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42308. [PMID: 22912698 PMCID: PMC3422286 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An increasing body of evidence has demonstrated that in contrast to the classic understanding the primary somatosensory cortex (SI) reflects merely seen touch (in the absence of any real touch on the own body). Based on these results it has been discussed that SI may play a role in understanding touch seen on other bodies. In order to further examine this understanding of observed touch, the current study aimed to test if mirror-like responses in SI are affected by the perspective of the seen touch. Thus, we presented touch on a hand and close to the hand either in first-person-perspective or in third-person-perspective. Principal Findings Results of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) revealed stronger vicarious brain responses in SI/BA2 for touch seen in first-person-perspective. Surprisingly, the third-person viewpoint revealed activation in SI both when subjects viewed a hand being stimulated as well as when the space close to the hand was being touched. Conclusions/Significance Based on these results we conclude that vicarious somatosensory responses in SI/BA2 are affected by the viewpoint of the seen hand. Furthermore, we argue that mirror-like responses in SI do not only reflect seen touch, but also the peripersonal space surrounding this body (in third-person-perspective). We discuss these findings with recent studies on mirror responses for action observation in peripersonal space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schaefer
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
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Lacey S, Stilla R, Sathian K. Metaphorically feeling: comprehending textural metaphors activates somatosensory cortex. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2012; 120:416-421. [PMID: 22305051 PMCID: PMC3318916 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2011.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2011] [Revised: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 12/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Conceptual metaphor theory suggests that knowledge is structured around metaphorical mappings derived from physical experience. Segregated processing of object properties in sensory cortex allows testing of the hypothesis that metaphor processing recruits activity in domain-specific sensory cortex. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) we show that texture-selective somatosensory cortex in the parietal operculum is activated when processing sentences containing textural metaphors, compared to literal sentences matched for meaning. This finding supports the idea that comprehension of metaphors is perceptually grounded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lacey
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Randall Stilla
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - K. Sathian
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Rehabilitation R&D Center of Excellence, Atlanta VAMC, Decatur, GA, USA
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Yue Y, Song W, Huo S, Wang M. Study on the occurrence and neural bases of hemispatial neglect with different reference frames. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2012; 93:156-62. [PMID: 22200396 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2011.07.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Revised: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the distributions and the neural correlates of left hemispatial neglect with different reference frames. DESIGN Data were collected from patients with right brain injury who participated in a case series. SETTING Hospital departments of rehabilitation and neurology. PARTICIPANTS Right brain-damaged patients (N=110). INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The frequency of left hemispatial neglect with different reference frames was investigated, and the respective brain lesions were displayed and analyzed. RESULTS Not all subjects finished predesigned neglect tests because of their condition: 8 of the 55 neglect patients were unable to complete the test for classification. Thirty (63.83%) of 47 subjects with neglect displayed both allocentric and egocentric neglect, while 17 subjects showed pure egocentric neglect. The lesions in the inferior frontal gyrus, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, superior temporal gyrus (STG), middle temporal gyrus (MTG), insula, and surrounding white matters were more frequent in the neglect group than in the control group. Compared with the egocentric neglect group, the lesions in the right STG, MTG, lenticular nucleus, and the surrounding white matter were damaged more frequently in the group displaying both allocentric and egocentric neglect. CONCLUSIONS More than half of the subjects with left neglect after right brain injury have both egocentric and allocentric neglect. The right inferior frontal gyrus, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, STG, MTG, insula, and the surrounding white matter are associated with left hemispatial neglect. Left allocentric neglect is associated with the right STG, MTG, and lenticular nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehong Yue
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Ebisch SJH, Salone A, Ferri F, De Berardis D, Romani GL, Ferro FM, Gallese V. Out of touch with reality? Social perception in first-episode schizophrenia. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2012; 8:394-403. [PMID: 22275166 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nss012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Social dysfunction has been recognized as an elementary feature of schizophrenia, but it remains a crucial issue whether social deficits in schizophrenia concern the inter-subjective domain or primarily have their roots in disturbances of self-experience. Social perception comprises vicarious processes grounding an experiential inter-relationship with others as well as self-regulation processes allowing to maintain a coherent sense of self. The present study investigated whether the functional neural basis underlying these processes is altered in first-episode schizophrenia (FES). Twenty-four FES patients and 22 healthy control participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging during a social perception task requiring them to watch videos depicting other individuals' inanimate and animate/social tactile stimulations, and a tactile localizer condition. Activation in ventral premotor cortex for observed bodily tactile stimulations was reduced in the FES group and negatively correlated with self-experience disturbances. Moreover, FES patients showed aberrant differential activation in posterior insula for first-person tactile experiences and observed affective tactile stimulations. These findings suggest that social perception in FES at a pre-reflective level is characterized by disturbances of self-experience, including impaired multisensory representations and self-other distinction. However, the results also show that social perception in FES involves more complex alterations of neural activation at multiple processing levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjoerd J H Ebisch
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, G d'Annunzio University, Via dei Vestini 33, 66013 Chieti, CH, Italy.
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Spatiotemporal dynamics of visual vertical judgments: early and late brain mechanisms as revealed by high-density electrical neuroimaging. Neuroscience 2011; 181:134-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2010] [Revised: 02/01/2011] [Accepted: 02/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Oliveri M, Vallar G. Parietal versus temporal lobe components in spatial cognition: Setting the mid-point of a horizontal line. J Neuropsychol 2010; 3:201-11. [DOI: 10.1348/174866408x388197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Menghini D, Di Paola M, Federico F, Vicari S, Petrosini L, Caltagirone C, Bozzali M. Relationship Between Brain Abnormalities and Cognitive Profile in Williams Syndrome. Behav Genet 2010; 41:394-402. [DOI: 10.1007/s10519-010-9419-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2010] [Accepted: 11/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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50
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Bédard P, Wu M, Sanes JN. Brain activation related to combinations of gaze position, visual input, and goal-directed hand movements. Cereb Cortex 2010; 21:1273-82. [PMID: 20974688 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhq205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans reach to and acquire objects by transforming visual targets into action commands. How the brain integrates goals specified in a visual framework to signals into a suitable framework for an action plan requires clarification whether visual input, per se, interacts with gaze position to formulate action plans. To further evaluate brain control of visual-motor integration, we assessed brain activation, using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Humans performed goal-directed movements toward visible or remembered targets while fixating gaze left or right from center. We dissociated movement planning from performance using a delayed-response task and manipulated target visibility by its availability throughout the delay or blanking it 500 ms after onset. We found strong effects of gaze orientation on brain activation during planning and interactive effects of target visibility and gaze orientation on movement-related activation during performance in parietal and premotor cortices (PM), cerebellum, and basal ganglia, with more activation for rightward gaze at a visible target and no gaze modulation for movements directed toward remembered targets. These results demonstrate effects of gaze position on PM and movement-related processes and provide new information how visual signals interact with gaze position in transforming visual inputs into motor goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Bédard
- Department of Neuroscience, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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